BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord blood-mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) following differentiation into cardiomyocytes were transplanted into ischemic myocardium. The transplanted cells can build connection with host cells and repair the infarct myocardium. OBJECTIVE: To detect the cell-cell junction after transplantation of the cardiac-like cell derived from the canine umbilical cord blood stem cells. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized controlled animal study was performed from July 2006 to October 2007 at the Animal Experimental Center of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. MATERIALS: A total of 2 full-term pregnant canines were used for isolation of UCB-MSCs. A total of 36 adult mongrel canines were divided into cell transplantation group and model control group (n=18) according to the rule of random digits table. METHODS: The MSCs at passage 4 were transfected by Laz-Z. After 3-day culture, MSCs were induced by 10 μmol/L 5-azacytidine (5-aza). The canine models of myocardium infarction were established following 3 weeks of culture. 2 mL (1 ×107)MSCs were transplanted into dogs with acute myocardium infarction by coronary artery infusion and local injection in cell transplantation group. An equal volume of saline was used in the model control group. The specimens were harvested and detected at 2, 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Cell junction was determined using immunohistochemistry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The following parameters were measured: gene trensfection, myogenic induction and differentiation results of UCB-MSCs; junction of transplanted cells and host cardiomyocytes. RESULTS: Following 72 hours of transfaction, mass of cells expressed LacZ gene, synthetized galactosidase, and stained blue using X-gal staining. Following 3 weeks of 5-aza induction, the antigen a-Actin, Desmin and Connexin43 were all been positively expressed, but before induction they were all negative. From the myocardial section of 8 weeks after transplantation, the junction was formed between the transplanted cells and the host myocardium as formed between the transplanted cells. In the junction, green-fluorescence positive expression of cadherin and connexin43 could be seen. However, in the model control group, only cadherin and connexin43 expressed positively, but the transplanted UCB-MSCs with red fluorescence could not been observed. CONCLUSION: The UCB-MSCs is able to differentiate into cardiac-like cell in vitro and form cell-cell junction in vivo to communicate with surrounding cells.

Objective To explore the improvement of core symptoms and detailed function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) after treatment with methylphenidate extended-release tablets, and analyse the relationship between core symptoms reduction and detailed function improvement. Methods One hundred and fifty-six children with confirmed ADHD were rated with Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, Version Ⅳ (SNAP-Ⅳ)Scale before treatment, then methylphenidate extended-release tablets were orally administered 18 mg once daily for 1 month, and children were rated again by means of SNAP-Ⅳ Scale and detailed function improvement questionnaire. The core symptoms reduction and detailed function improvement were observed, and their relationship was analysed. Results The primary mean scores of each factor in SNAP-Ⅳ Scale decreased significantly after treatment with methylphenidate extended-release tablets(P< 0.001). The reduction rate of factor IOWA/I/O was the most significant (>50%), followed by ADHD-H/Im and ADHD-In. The performance of school study, homework doing and social behavioral function was improved, and the detailed function was significantly improved. The reduction rate in ADHD-In factor was significantly correlated with improvement of school study and homework doing (P<0.01). The reduction rate in ADHD-H/Im factor was significantly correlated with improvement of social behavioral function(P<0.05). Conclusion Methylphenidate extended-release tablets play a role in both core symptoms reduction and detailed function improvement in children with ADHD, and core symptoms reduction is related to detailed function improvement to some degree. Methylphenidate extended-release tablets exert different effects on different detailed function.

Objective To identify the changes of morphological development status on minority students in China from 1985 to 2005. Methods We selected a total of 15 groups of the Chinese minority students as subjects of the study, including Mongolian, Hui, Uygur, Zhuang, Korean, Tibetan, Yao, Li, Qiang, Buyi, Dong, Miao, Tu, Salar, Kirgiz, with data from the Chinese national survey on students' physical fitness and health condition in 1985, 1995, 2000 and 2005. Height, weight and waist of the subjects were calculated and analyzed. Results From 1985 to 2005, the growth and characteristics of height in the Chinese minority students had a similar increase when comparing to the Han students, but with different degrees. However the growth rate was gradually decreasing. The average heights of Kirgiz, Korean, Salar and Mongolian schoolboys aged 18 years old were 170 cm, being 170.91 cm, 170.47 cm, 170.29 cm and 170.27 cm, respectively, which were close to that of the Hart students. Some minority students had a substantial increase of body weight. However, the waist of some minority students decreased. Only a few groups of minority students had increasing waist, such as Mongolian and Korean rural boys, Mongolian, Zhuang, and Korean rural girls, with the growth being 0.101 cm, 0.095 cm, 0.126 cm, 0.163 cm and 0.107 cm, respectively. Uygur, Mongolian, Kirgiz and Korean students had the morphological development similar to Han urban students, especially Uighur boys and girls. Conclusion From 1985 to 2005, The height, weight and waist of Chinese minority students had an overall increase at different degrees. In order to improve the physical fitness of minority students, awareness on nutrition and health education of both students and parents should be strengthened. Surveillance and programs on growth, development and health status of the minority children and adolescents should also be carried out continuously.

Objective To study the daily physical activity patterns of pupils in Beijing, and to identify the association between the socioeconomic status (SES) and physical activities. Methods 1502 pupils were recruited from 2-5 grades of eight primary schools in Beijing. Information on physical activity, sedentary activity, and transportation styles inside and outside schools were collected using a "7-day physical activity questionnaire". Results Gymnastics, running, playing games, walking in queues etc. Were the most common activities at school, with the proportion as 94.13%, 85.55%, 77.26%, and 71.32% respectively. Physical labor, playing games, running and walking were the common activities outside schools, with the proportion as 72.14%, 69.70%,65.05%, and 64.64% respectively. However, pupils seldom participated in the ball games. Significant differences between SES groups were observed on the patterns of both physical and sedentary activities. Compared to low-SES pupils, high-SES pupils more frequently participated in dancing, walking upstairs or downstairs, swimming, skating, but less frequently (P＜0.05) in walking, rope skipping, kicking shuttlecock or rubber band skipping. Conclusion Data from our study showed that both the quantity and the distribution of different activities did not meet the need of the Chinese children. Physical activity in association with SES was also demonstrated.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Facility Design and Construction ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; prevention & control ; Quality Control

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; isolation & purification ; Paraffin Embedding ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Young Adult

Adult ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Melanoma ; diagnosis ; pathology

OBJECTIVEThe multi-center, randomized, double-blind, double-simulated and positive-control trial was used to verify the contribution degree of Bushen Huoxue for the treatment of ovulatory dysfunction caused infertility, which provided scientific basis for clinical treatment.

METHODAccording to diagnostic, inclusion and exclusion criteria, we observed 349 patients which were divided into the treated group (n = 177, treated with Bushen Huoxue ricipe) and control group (n = 172, treated with clomiphene). Ovulation rate, pregnancy rate, clinical effective rate of traditional Chinese medicine, endometrium and diameter of dominant follicle were observed. Serum reproductive endocrine hormones were assayed before and after treatment.

RESULTThe treated group showed ovulation rate of 69.34%, with pregnancy rate of 41.35%. The clinical effective rate of treated group and control group were 91.73% and 80.77%. There was remarkable difference in endometrium (P < 0.05) and remarkbale difference in sex hormones PRL and E₂in treated group at prior-treatment and post-treatment (P < 0.05). No adverse effects were found in the experiment. Security indicators did not show abnormal change.

CONCLUSIONThe comparison between the two groups showed that the treated group was significantly different from control group in the pregnancy rate (P < 0.05), without notable difference in ovulation rate. There was significant difference in clinical effective rate between the treated group and control group. Both the two groups could contribute to the mature development and discharge of the follicles. The growth of endometrium and endometrial receptivity in the treated group were higher than control group. The treated group has regulatory effect on PRL and E₂.

Adult ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fertility Agents, Female ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Ovary ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Ovulation ; drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

[Objective]The purpose of this study was to describe mid report the result of the ulnar nerve transfer to biceps muscle to restore elbow flexion after acute and delayed upper brachial plexus injuries.[Methods]Two patients with acute brachial plexus injury (the time between the injury and the operation were six and eight months) and three patients with delayed brachial plexus injury(the time between the injury and the operation were from twevle to eighteen months) underwent nerve transfer using fascicles of the ulnar nerve to the motor branch of the biceis muscle. The average age of the patients was twenty eight and the mean follow-up periods were nine months after the surgery. Patients were evaluated with regard to reinnervation of the biceps, ulnar nerve function, elbow flexion strength, and grip strength.[Results]For the two acute patients, the first sign of biceps muscle contraction were observed within 1 week, the average time required for reinnervation of the biceps after nerve fascicle transfer was within six months. For the three delayed patients, the first sign of bicep muscle contraction was observed in about three month, and the average time required for reinnervation of the biceps was ten months.Hypoesthesia of the ulnar nerve was clinically abserved in three patients, but this symptom disappeared within month with no treatment.Compared with those delayed cases, the acute patients had faster and better recovery of their olbow flexion function.However, all patients achieved grade-3 or better elbow flexion strength according to the grading system of the Medical Research Council.[Conclusion]The author recommend this safe, simple and effective Oberlin procedure for brachial plexus injuries involving the C5、6 or C5~7 nerve roots.

Objective To retrospectively evaluate the role of consolidative repeat radiofrequency ablation (CRRFA) based on safety margin (SM) analyses in local tumor control for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who had been shown to have radiological complete ablation (CA) with radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods From July 2002 to July 2009,152 AFP negative HCC patients who were shown to have radiological CA with RFA therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 110 patients had a SM of less than 1 cm and the other 42 patients had a SM of 1cm or more. Among 110 patients with SM less than 1 cm, fifty nine patients accepted CRRFA within 6 months after the first RFA and 51 did not. From these patients, a narrow SM-CRRFA group (n=41) and a narrow SM-single RFA group (n=37) were enrolled respectively. The wide SM-single RFA group (n= 30) was enrolled from the 42 patients with a SM of 1 cm or more.The LTP (local tumor progression)-free survival rate of the 3 groups were compared with a log-rank test. Results One-, two-, three-, four-, and five-year LTP-free survival rates respectively were 97. 1%, 90.9%, 69.6%, 47.2%, and 33. 0% in the narrow SM-CRRFA patients. 85.9%, 66. 5%,43.5%, 15.8%, and 0. 0%, in the narrow SM-single RFA patients, and were 92.7%, 83.7%,59.3%, 36. 9%, and 9.2% in the wide SM-single RFA patients. There were statistically significant differences (χ2 = 14. 789, P= 0. 001) between the groups. Conclusions An ablation zone with an SM of 1 cm or greater was the most important factor for local control of AFP negative HCC ranging from 3 to 5 cm in diameter. For these patients with a SM of less than 1 cm, CRRFA improved the overall local control outcomes.