ObjectiveTo study the effect of behavior training on the expression of NR2B around the infarcted focus and in the cortex of temporal lobe in rats with bilateral hippocampal infarction.Methods54 SD rats were randomized into pre-training, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d after training groups, pre-immobilization, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d immobilization groups and control group. Behavior training and immobilization were performed on the 3rd day after the infarction. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of NR2B around the infarcted focus and in the cortex of temporal lobe at different points of time.ResultsThe expression of NR2B was abundant in the normal hippocampus and cortex of temporal lobe of rats. The expression of NR2B decreased after infarction and increased after behavior training. However, the expression of NR2B had little increased in immobilization groups, and showed significant difference compared with that in behavior training groups (P<0.01).ConclusionBehavior training can accelerate the expression of NR2B around the infarcted focus and in the cortex of temporal lobe in rats with bilateral hippocampal infarction.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effect of maternal voice stimulation in alleviating procedural pain in neonates during heel blood collection. METHODS: A total of 72 neonates who were admitted to the neonate intensive care unit were randomly divided into an intervention group (n=35) and a control group (n=37). Heel blood collection was performed by the routine method in the control group. The intervention group listened to their mothers' voice from 1 minute before heel blood collection to the end of the procedure. Pain score, incidence of crying, and vital signs were recorded before and after heel blood collection. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the heart rate was significantly reduced, the blood oxygen saturation significantly increased, the incidence of crying and the pain score were significantly reduced in the intervention group during the procedure of heel blood collection (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Maternal voice stimulation helps to reduce procedural pain and maintain stable vital signs in neonates.
Crying ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Mothers ; Pain Management ; Pain, Procedural ; Speech

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEThe basic structure of salicylaldehyde-amino acid Schiff base compounds includes a C=N chemical bond. These compounds show significant antitumor activities in vitro when combined with a metal ion. This study investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of four salicylaldehyde-amino acid Schiff base copper ternary coordination compounds on the proliferation of human gastric cancer cell line BGC823.

METHODSThe BGC823 cells were treated with the four compounds (6B, 7B, 6P, and 7P). Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Apoptosis and changes in the cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. DNA damage was observed using a DNA ladder assay. The expression of p53 protein was determined by immunocytochemistry.

RESULTSThe proliferation of BGC823 cells was significantly inhibited by the four compounds and the effect was concentration-dependent. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 6B, 7B, 6P, and 7P for BGC823 cells were 18.10, 27.50, 3.61, and 3.45 micromol/L, respectively. Flow cytometry showed the four drugs induced apoptosis in BGC823 cells, which was confirmed by DNA ladder experiments. Flow cytometry also detected changed phases in the cell cycle from treatment with the compounds. The percent of cells in the G(0)/G(1) phase decreased and that of cells in the G1/S and G(2)/M phases increased, indicating that S-and G2-phase blockages exist. As shown by immunocytochemistry, the expression of p53 decreased in BGC823 cells treated with the four drugs, indicating the involvement of the p53 pathway to BGC823 cell apoptosis.

CONCLUSIONSThe four compounds showed significant activities on restraining proliferation of BGC823 cells in vitro, induced apoptosis, and caused changes in the cell cycle. This may be related to the downregulation of p53.

Aldehydes ; chemistry ; Amino Acids ; chemistry ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Coordination Complexes ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Copper ; chemistry ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Schiff Bases ; chemistry ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism

Abstract: Our previous work revealed berberine can significantly enhance the susceptibility of fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans, which suggested that berberine has synergistic antifungal activity with fluconazole. Preliminary SAR of berberine needs to be studied for the possibility of investigating its target and SAR, improving its drug-likeness, and exploring new scaffold. In this work, 13-substitutited benzyl berberine derivatives and N-benzyl isoquinoline analogues were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR and MS. Their synergetic activity with fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans was evaluated in vitro. The 13-substitutited benzyl berberine derivatives 1a-1e exhibited comparable activity to berberine, which suggested that the introduction of functional groups to C-13 can maintain its activity. The N-benzyl isoquinolines, which were designed as analogues of berberine with its D ring opened, exhibited lower activity than berberine. However, compound 2b, 2c, and 4b showed moderate activity, which indicated that berberine may be deconstructed to new scaffold with synergistic antifungal activity with fluconazole. The results of our research may be helpful to the SAR studies on its other biological activities.
Antifungal Agents ; pharmacology ; Berberine ; pharmacology ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Fungal ; Drug Synergism ; Fluconazole ; pharmacology ; Isoquinolines ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Objective To explore the effect of multi-disciplinary team (MDT) combined with bundle management on prevention and control of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection in the intensive care unit(ICU).Methods Patients who were admitted to the ICU in a tertiary first-class hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were studied,MDT combined with bundle management has been applied in the prevention and control of MDRO infection in ICU since January 2014,continuous quality improvement program was performed one year later,isolation of MDROs from specimens of ICU patients before implementation(in the year of 2013),after implementation(in the year of 2014),and after continuous quality improvement(in the year of 2015) was compared.Results The infection rates of MDROs in ICU patients before implementation,after implementation,and after continuous quality improvement were 26.55％ (154/580),17.13％ (117/683),and 12.01％ (77/641) respectively,showing a downward trend,with a significant difference (x2 =44.030,P＜0.001);the total isolation rates of MDROs in ICU patients were 64.44％(154/239),63.59％(117/184),and 43.26％ (77/178) respectively,showing a downward trend,with a significant difference (x2 =22.284,P＜0.001).The main MDROs in ICU were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and pandrug resistant(PDR) Acinetobacterbaumannii (44.54％).Conclusion MDT combined with bundle management can decrease MDRO infection rate and isolation rate in ICU.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of placement of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) via the upper versus lower extremity veins in neonates through a Meta analysis. METHODS: CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP Data, CBMdisc, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched for control studies on the effect of PICC placement via the upper versus lower extremity veins in neonates. RevMan 5.3 was used to perform a Meta analysis of the studies which met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: A total of 18 studies were included, among which there were 8 randomized controlled trials and 10 cohort studies, with 4 890 subjects in total. Compared with those undergoing PICC placement via the upper extremity veins, the neonates undergoing PICC placement via the lower extremity veins had significantly lower incidence rates of complications (RR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.75-0.92, P<0.05), catheter-related infections (RR=0.77, 95%CI: 0.60-0.99, P<0.05), catheter malposition (RR=0.28, 95%CI: 0.18-0.42, P<0.05), extravasation of the infusate (RR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.40-0.70, P<0.05), and unplanned extubation (RR=0.82, 95%CI: 0.69-0.98, P<0.05). They also had a significantly higher first-attempt success rate of puncture (RR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.05-1.30, P<0.05) and a significantly shorter PICC indwelling time (MD=-0.93, 95%CI: -1.26-0.60, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The above evidence shows that PICC placement via the lower extremity veins has a better effect than PICC placement via the upper extremity veins in neonates.
Catheterization, Central Venous ; Catheterization, Peripheral ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lower Extremity ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo study the biodistribution of L-[S-methyl-(11)C]-methioine ((11)C-MET) and explore its clinical application in positron emission tomography (PET) for brain tumor detection.

METHODSTwenty-four Wistar rats and divided into 6 equal groups and injected with (11)C-MET through the tail vein and killed by decollation at 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 min after injection, respectively. The liver, brain, blood, heart, lung, kidney, and spleen were harvested to measure the radioactivity and calculate the biodistribution of (11)C-MET. PET imaging with (11)C-MET was performed in 6 normal volunteers and 30 patients with pathologically confirmed brain gliomas.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION(11)C-MET showed high blood uptake and a long retention in the tumor mass, therefore can be a valuable tracer for PET imaging of brain tumor and the hypophysis.

Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Brain Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Carbon Radioisotopes ; Female ; Glioma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tissue Distribution ; Vitamin U ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics

OBJECTIVE: To explore the impact of pre-pregnancy body mass index on baby's physical growth and nutritional status. METHODS: A total of 491 pairs of mother-infant were divided into 3 groups according to mother's pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI): a pre-pregnancy low BMI group (BMI<18.5 kg/m², n=93), a pre-pregnancy normal BMI group (18.5 kg/m² ≤ BMI<24.0 kg/m², n=326), and a pre-pregnancy high BMI group (BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m², n=72). Analysis of variance of repeated measurement data and the median percentage methods were used to compare the physical growth and nutritional status of babies in different groups. RESULTS: Baby's weight in the high BMI group were higher than that in the normal BMI and the low BMI group (F=3.958, P=0.020). The incidence of malnutrition in the low BMI group showed a tendency to decline along with the months (χ²=5.611, P=0.018), the incidence of overweight and obesity in the high and the normal BMI groups displayed a tendency to decline along with the months (χ²=18.773, 53.248, all P<0.001). Baby in the low BMI group had higher incidence of malnutrition while baby in the high BMI group had higher incidence of overweight and obesity. CONCLUSION Pregnancy BMI was correlated with the growth of baby. Too high or too low prepregnancy BMI exerts harmful effect on baby's weight and nutritional status. Medical workers should strengthen the education on women's pre-pregnancy to remind them keeping BMI at normal level.
Birth Weight ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Nutritional Status ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Pregnancy ; Weight Gain

Objective:To study the clinical risk factors for osteoporotic fracture (OF) risk prediction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using adjusted fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) .Methods:A cross-sectional study of 429 patients with T2DM who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology and Geriatrics of the Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from Sep. 2019 to Sep. 2020 was conducted. Participants were divided into OF low-risk group and OF high-risk group. Participant characteristics (age, gender, height, weight, waist, blood pressure, history of drug treatment, serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) , triglyceride, serum uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, and thyroid stimulating hormone levels, urine protein/creatinine ratio, urea, creatinine and TPOAB) and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry results were obtained and analyzed. Logistic regression model was used to investigate the relationship between the OF risk of T2DM assessed by adjusted FRAX and clinical risk factors.Results:Patients in the OF high-risk group accounted for 9.09% of the subjects. After adjustment for other variables, the duration of diabetes was still positively associated with significantly elevated risk of OF assessed by adjusted FRAX ( OR 7.660, 95% CI 1.661-35.334, P=0.009) , whereas the blood uric acid was negatively associated with significantly elevated risk of OF assessed by adjusted FRAX ( OR 0.345, 95 % CI 0.128-0.928, P=0.035) .Likewise, LDL-C levels decreased the odds of the risk of OF assessed by adjusted FRAX ( OR 0.316, 95 % CI 0.114-0.881, P=0.028) . There was no significant relationship between alkaline phosphatase ( OR 1.902, 95 % CI 0.904-4.004, P=0.090) as well as total cholesterol ( OR 0.297, 95% CI 0.056~1.560, P=0.151) levels and the elevated risk of OF assessed by adjusted FRAX. Conclusion:Diabetes duration could be a risk factor for OF risk prediction in patients with T2DM using adjusted FRAX, and serum uric acid and LDL-C could be protective factors for OF risk prediction in patients with T2DM using adjusted FRAX.

Objective To evaluate the effect of targeted monitoring and multi-modular improvement strategy on the prevention and control of catheter-associated urinary tract infection(CAUTI).Methods Patients with indwe-lling urinary catheter in a tertiary first-class hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected as the re-search subjects.Targeted monitoring results and distribution of pathogenic bacteria in 5 consecutive years were ana-lyzed,and a multi-modular improvement strategy based on the targeted monitoring results was implemented.The occurrence of CAUTI before and after implementation,status and effectiveness of training in prevention and control measures were compared respectively.Results Before and after the implementation of the multi-modular improve-ment strategy,health care workers'compliance rate of hand hygiene,awareness rate of prevention and control measures,and implementation rate of prevention and control measures all increased significantly(all P＜0.001).Targeted monitoring results showed that daily test rates of urine culture and routine urine from patients with in-dwelling catheters have been on the rise in 5 consecutive years(P＜0.05).A total of 397 cases of CAUTI occurred in the past 5 years.Incidences of CAUTI in general intensive care unit(ICU)and surgical ICU showed decreasing trends in 5 consecutive years(all P＜0.05).Incidence of CAUTI in general wards showed no statistically significant difference in 5 years(P=0.088).A total of 431 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected,mainly Gram-negative bacteria.Daily incidence of multidrug-resistant organism infection in patients with indwelling catheters was 0.12‰.After the implementation of the multi-modular improvement strategy,incidence of CAUTI in all departments re-duced significantly(P＜0.05).Conclusion Targeted monitoring can help identify departments with high-risk of CAUTI,multi-modular improvement strategy can raise the quality of prevention and control of CAUTI in all occa-sions,reduce the incidence of CAUTI,and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.