Objective To evaluate the morphological changes of the small nerves in lower extremity with high-resolution ultrasonography in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods 84 cases of T2DM patients were divided into four different groups according to TCSS score [group Ⅰ (0-5 point), group Ⅱ (6-8 point), groupⅢ (9-11 point), group Ⅳ (12-19 point)]. The ultrasonic feature of posterior tibial nerve, sural nerve and saphenous nerve were observed to observe the relationship between ultrasound findings and scoring. Results Abnormality rate admitted from ultrasound findings are as follows. In group Ⅳ, nerve abnormality rate was the highest, followed by group Ⅲ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅰ (P < 0.05). The major manifestations are obscure border between spineurium and peripheral tissue , nerve bundle mesh like structure disappearing , enlargement of posterior tibial nerve and sural nerve. There was no statistical difference in irregular abnormality rate (P > 0.05). The saphenous nerve epineurium abnormality increased in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ compared with group Ⅰ and Ⅳ(P <0.05). Abnormality rate of 3 neural ultrasound decreased in line with sural nerve, posterior tibial nerve and saphenous nerve. Conclusions Certain correlation was observed between TCSS and never ultrasonic feature in T2DM patients. The higher TCSS scores is, the greater chance of presence of abnormal sonographic features of nerves will be. The sural nerve abnormality was higher than others.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma in Situ ; pathology ; Digestive System Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; Esophagogastric Junction ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neuroendocrine Tumors ; classification ; pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Precancerous Conditions ; pathology ; World Health Organization

Objective To investigate the protective effect of isoflurane preconditioning on myocardium against isehemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury and the possible mechanism.Methods Fifty male SD rats weighing 250- 300 g were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=10 each):Ⅰ control group(C);Ⅱ I/R group and 3 isoflurane preconditioning groups with 0.5%(Ⅲ),or 1.0%(Ⅳ)or 2.0% isoflurane(Ⅴ).The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 40 mg?kg~(-1).The hearts were immediately excised and placed in cold K-H solution.The aorta was canuulated and heart retrogradely perfused with K-H solution aerated with 95% O_2 and 5% CO_2 at 37℃ and 10 kPa in a langendorff apparatus.Left ventricular end-diastollc pressure(LVEDP)and left ventrieular systolic pressure(LVSP)were measured from a fluid-filled latex balloon in the left ventricle.The isolated hearts were made globally ischemic for 30 min followed by 60 rain reperfusion in group Ⅱ-Ⅴ.In the 3 isoflurane preconditioning groups the hearts were perfused with K-H solution saturated with 0.5% or 1.0% or 2.0% isoflurane for 15 rain followed by 15 rain washout before ischemia.The cardiac function variables including LVEDP,LVSP dp/dt_(min),dp/dt_(max) and HR were measured after epuilibrium(baseline values),immediately before ischemia,at the end of 30 min ischemia and 60 min reperfusion.The infarct size and cytochrome C level in cytoplasm and mitochondria of myocytes were measured.Results I/R significantly increased LVEDP and decreased LVSP,dp/dt_(min),dp/dt_(max) as compare with control group.Sevoflurane preconditioning significantly attenuated the depression of cardiac function caused by I/R.Only LVEDP was significantly higher during reperfusion period in the 3 sevoflurane preconditioning group than in the control group but there was no significant difference in LVSP,dp/ dt_(min),dp/dt_(max) between control group and the 3 preconditioning groups.The infarct size was significantly smaller in the 3 preconditioning groups than in I/R group.Cytochrome C level was significantly increased in cytoplasm but decreased in mitochondria in I/R group as compared with control group.Sevoflurane preconditioning significantly ameliorated the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria to cytoplasm in the 3 sevoflurane preconditioning group.Conclusion Isoflurane preconditioning can protect the heart against I/R injury by attenuation of the release of cytochrone C from mitochondria to cytoplasm.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of propofol preconditioning on myocardium against hypothermia ischemia normothermia reperfusion injury on isolated rat hearts. Methods The Langendorff apparatus was used.Sixty SD rat hearts were divided randomly into 5 groups after 20-minute equilibrium(n=12): control(Con) group,hearts were continually perfused with K-H buffer for 175 min;ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) group,hearts were perfused with K-H buffer for 40 min,then subjected to global ischemia at 27 ℃ for 75 min,and followed reperfusion at 37 ℃ for 60 min;propofol preconditioning group 1(P1),group 2(P2),and group 3(P3),hearts were perfused with K-H buffer including 50,100,and 150 ?mol/L propofol for 10 min and followed reperfusion like I/R group,respectively.Heart rate(HR),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP), left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP) and ?dp/dtmax at the end of equilibration,pre-ischemia and at the end of reperfusion were recorded.The contents of creatine kinase(CK) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in coronary effluent were measured at the end of equilibration and 1,10,20,30,and 60 min during reperfusion.The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and the contents of maleic dialdehyde(MDA) were measured at the end of reperfusion.The area of infarct region was determined at the end of reperfusion. Results HR,LVDP,?dp/dtmax and SOD activity in P2 and P3 group were higher than those in I/R group(P

Objective To compare the tannin contents of Platycladus orientalis(L.) Franco and its carbonisatus.Method A tungsten molybdophosphate-casein colorimetric method was used with gallic acid as reference substance.Results The standard curve in the range of 0.026～0.26 mg(r =0.999 4),and the average recovery rate was 97.85%,RSD=1.07%(n =9).Conclusion The method is reliable and can be used to determine the tannic of and its different processed products.

Objective To determine the significance and expression of S100A9 and NMP238 in cervical carcinoma with different concurrent chemoradiotherapy sensitivities. Methods Fresh carcinoma tissues were collected from untreated cervical carcinoma patients and preserved at -80 ℃. The tissues were classified into 2 groups:a high sensitivity group (HS) and a low sensitivity group(LS) according to their response to concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Protein was separated by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Peptide mass fingerprintings (PMF) were acquired by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and the proteins were identified by data searching in the Mascot-database. Differential expressed proteins were assayed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.Results Most of the gels were clear and were successfully and reproductively analyzed. Intensity and rate of S100A9 expression were higher in the HS group than in the LS group,and those of NMP238 expression were higher in the LS group than in the HS group. Conclusion S100A9 and NMP238 expression is associated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy sensitivity in cervical carcinoma.

Constructing prokaryotic expression vector pKY-RMBAY by gene recombination and research its optimizing productive conditions.By PCR technology synthesizing the gene of the RMBAY with preference codon of E.coli and the RMBAY gene was inserted into high efficiency expression vector pKYB-MCS.Expressed fusion proteins in E.coli ER2566 were purified with Chitin-Beads column.Fusion proteins binding on Chitin-Beads was cut on N-terminus of intein due to the induction of ?-mercaptoethanol and the target peptide RMBAY was released.The RMBAY was identified by mass spectrum.Experiment results showed RMBAY can be high efficiently expressed in E.coli ER2566,with optimizing productive conditions the yield of the RMBAY may be 6.7mg/L fermentation product and its purity is greater than 98%.The molecular weight of RMBAY is 3.887 kDa by mass spectrum and that accords with its theory value.

In order to prepare the recombinant vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) using intein mediated rapid purification system,the cDNA encoding the recombinant VIP was designed and synthesized according to the preference of E.coli,and then was cloned into the expression vector PTWIN. The recombinant plasmid PTWIN-VIP was transformed into expression host E.coli strain ER2566.The fusion protein consisting of the recombinant VIP,intein and chitin binding domain was expressed and purified by chitin affinity chromatography. The target peptide was released from the fusion protein by changing the temperature and the pH of the cleavage buffer. The molecular weight of the recombinant VIP was determined by the mass spectrometry and the results was conformity with the theoretical value. The preliminary bioactivity assay indicated that the recombinant VIP decreased the serum resistin levels significantly in LPS-induced acute inflammation. The preparation and the characterization of anti-inflammatory effects of the recombinant VIP layed the foundation for its further application.

Objective To investigate and evaluate the method of PCR amplification blocking associated with fluorescent probe for the detection of pre-C region of HBV G1896A gene mutation.Methods The primers were designed based on the mutation of HBV DNA 1896 locus.The 3′end of primers was at 1896 site,and it was complemented with the base sequence of mutation template of 1896 site.The mismatching bases were separately introduced into the second and the third base of the primer by inverse counting from the 3′end for increasing the specificity of reaction.Results The PCR amplification for wild plasmid with the mutant primer showed an effectively blocking,but not showed blocking for the mutant plasmid (G1896A).The sensitivity of detection for the mutant plasmid was 5?103 copies/ml.Ninety-five cases of HBV-positive serum was selected randomly and amplified with the mutant primer,and 8 cases were positive HBV G1896A gene mutant(mutant rate of 8.4%).Conclusion The amplification blocking associated with fluorescent probe for the detection of HBV G1896A gene mutation is a effective,convenient method for the detection of clinical samples.

Objective To evaluate the effects and complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the treatment of renal stone after repeated extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL).Methods Forty-four patients who had a history of repeated ESWL (treatment group) and 50 patients with-out surgical intervention (control group) were submited to PCNL,and clinical data was documented in details and analyzed.Results The time to establish access in treatment group and control group was (11.8 ± 4.1) min and (10.9 ± 2.5) min,respectively,and there was no significant difference (t =1.308,P =0.194).The time to extract stone in both groups was (92.0 ± 13.5) min and (66.6 ± 17.6) min,respectively,and there was significant difference (t =7.776,P =0.000).The operative time in treatment group was (113.9 ± 12.0) min,which was longer than that in control group with (87.6 ± 13.6) min (t =8.354,P =0.000).The clearance in both groups was 81.8％ and 94.0％,and there was no significant difference (x2 =3.361,P =0.067).The was no death or other severe complication in both groups.Conclusions The operation time in treatment group was longer than that in control group,and there was no significant difference in clearance and complication rate.Thus it was safe and effctive to perform PCNL in these patients with a history of failed repeated ESWL.