Objective To study the human brucellosis infection status and its epidemic feature during 2003-2006.Methods A total of 485 blood samples of serum underwent rose bengal plate test(RBPT)and serum agglutination test(SAT),which include 422 cases having a history of contacting with sheep/goats or cattle,22 suspected eases,and 41 cases having contacted with infected persons.All cases were diagnosed according serology test and epidemiologic survey.Results The positive rates of Serum antibodies(SAT titer)were 8.8%(12/137),12.7%(8/63),13.1%(22/171)and 16.2%(19/114),respectively,during 2003 to 2006 in Tangshan,in an increasing Rend and peaked in the second and the third seasons 77.0%(47/61).The mostly infected population were those who contacted with sheep/goats or cattle,accounting for 98.4%(60/61).Livestock farmers 86.9%(53/61),and veterinarians 8.2%(5/61)were mostly likely to be infected.Assay of serum antibodies is negative in the persons contacting with infected cases.Conclusions The prevalence of human brucellsis had presented a rising tendency in highly dangerous crowd of Tangshan.Contacting with infected livestock(such as sheep/goats or cattle),especially their aborted materials and placenta were mainly transmitted modes of human brucellsis.However,cases of person-to-person transmission has not been discovered in this study.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effects of small bone flap craniotomy and traditional craniotomy in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Methods Fifty-six patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, admitted to our hospital from June 2008 to June 2010, were randomly divided into experimental group (treated with small bone flap craniotomy, n=28) and control group (treated with traditional craniotomy, n=28). The operative time, hospital stays, case fatality rate,re-bleeding and complications and Glasgow outcome scale scores after 6 months treatment were analyzed and compared between the 2 groups. Results Operation time and hospital stays of the patients in the experimental group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The case fatality rate was 14.3％ and 25.0％ in the experimental group and control group, respectively, without significant differences (P＜0.05); the incidence of complications was 25.0 ％ and 46.4 ％ in the 2 groups without significant differences (P＜0.05); the scores of Glasgow outcome scale in the experimental group were superior to those in the control group (P＜0.05); the rate of re-bleeding was 10.7 ％ and 14.3 ％ in the 2groups without significant difference (P＞0.05). Conclusion As compared with traditional craniotomy,small bone flap craniotomy can decrease the rate of case fatality and complications, and improve the prognosis in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.

ObjectiveTo observe the distribution of vitamin D receptor(VDR) gene polymorphisms in coal-burning borne fluorosis in Guizhou province and investigate the relationship between VDR gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to coal-burning borne fluorosis.MethodsOne hundred and fifty villagers from non-improving cooking stove villages were selected as a non-intervention group in Bijie area,Guizhou province where coal-burning borne fluorosis was prevailing; 150 villagers were chosen from cooking stove improved villages as a intervention group; 150 villagers were selected from non-endemic area Changshun county as a control group.DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of these people.Genotype of VDR gene Bsm Ⅰ and Fok Ⅰ loci were detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).ResultsDistribution of Bsm Ⅰ polymorphism site of VDR gene of control group [AA:19.3％ (29/150),AG:39.3％ (59/150),GG:41.3％(62/150)],was compared with that[AA:4.7％(7/150),AG:14.0％(21/150),GG:81.3％(122/150)] of the non-intervention group and that[AA:7.3％(11/150),AG:23.3％(35/150),GG:69.3％(104/150)] of intervention group,and the difference was statistically significant(X2 =56.6,P ＜ 0.05).The frequency of VDR-Fok Ⅰ loci in non-intervention group [TT:29.3％(44/150),TC:55.3％(83/150),CC:15.3％(23/150)] and intervention group [TT:32.7％(49/150),TC:55.3％(83/150),CC:12.0％(18/150)] was compared with that [TT:45.3％(68/150),TC:48.7％(73/150),CC:6.0％(9/150)] of control group,and the difference was statistically significant(X2 =11.9,P ＜ 0.05).Univariate analysis showed that individuals carrying the GG genotype had increased risk of suffering fluorosis than individuals carrying the AA and AG genotypes(OR values were 6.2,3.2,all P ＜ 0.05),while carrying the TC and CC genotype had increased risk of suffering fluorosis than individuals carrying the TT genotype (OR values were 1.3,2.8,1.3,2.1,all P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionVDR gene polymorphisms may be one of the predisposing factors of coal-burning borne fluorosis.

Objective:To observe the effect of smoking on inhaled corticosteroids and long‐acting beta‐2 agonists (ICS/LABA) therapy for patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) .Methods:Elderly patients with moderate to severe COPD in stable stage ,who consulted doctors at Department of Geriatric Respiratory Disease in our hospital or were admitted to our hospital during January 2013 and December 2013 ,were selected and allocated to smoking group (n=98) or ex‐smoker group(n=98) .All subjects were treated with inhaled formoterol and budesonide ,and the treatment lasted for 6 months .Before treatment and at the 3rd and 6th month of treatment ,pulmonary function (FEV1 pred% ,FEV1/FVC % ) , concentration of interleukin‐8(IL‐8) and tumor necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α) in the blood ,and glucocorticoid receptor (GR)‐αand GR‐βpositive peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were determined ,and meanwhile dyspnea score was evaluated . Results:In both smoking group and ex‐smoker group ,compared with that before treatment ,at the 3rd and 6th month of treatment ,the FEV1% and FEV1/FVC% gradually increased (P< 0 .05) ,dyspnea score decreased (P< 0 .05) .Blood concentrations of TNF‐α and IL‐8 decreased gradually after treatment (P< 0 .05) .The percentage of GR‐α positive PBMC didn’t change significantly (P>0 .05) ,while the percentage of GR‐βpositive PBMC decreased significantly at the 6th month of treatment in ex‐smoker group (P<0 .05) .Compared with that in smoking group ,FEV1% and FEV1/FVC% in ex‐smoker group increased more at the 3rd and 6th month of treatment ,while dyspnea score declined more (P< 0 .05) ,as well as the TNF‐αand IL‐8 (P< 0 .05) .At the 3rd and 6th month of treatment ,GR‐α positive PBMCs increased more in ex‐smoker group ,while GR‐βpositive PBMCs decreased more (P<0 .05) .Conclusions :For both smokers and ex‐smokers with CODP , ICS/LABA can improve pulmonary function , relieve respiratory symptoms , reduce inflammatory reaction , and regulate glucocorticoid receptor .Smoking has negative effect on ICS/LABA treatment .

Objective To investigate the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of mineral and bone disorder in patients with moderate or advanced stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of mineral and bone disorder were evaluated based on a questionnaire and related laboratory examinations in 503 CKD stage 3 to 5 patients. Results The awareness rate of mineral and bone disorder in patients with moderate or advanced stage CKD was highest in hemodialysis patients,moderate in peritoneal dialysis patients and lowest in non-dialyzed patients (all P ＜0.01).The total scores of the questionnaire were lowest in non-dialyzed patients [6 (5,8)] and were significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis [11 (9,12)] and hemodialysis patients [13 (11,15)] (P＜0.01).The extent of awareness was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.11,P＜0.05),and positively correlated with educational background (r=0.226,P＜0.01),duration of CKD (r=0.597,P＜0.01) and duration of dialysis (r=0.366,P＜0.01).The source of knowledge was mainly from publicity and education made by medical staff,which accounted for 94.0％,79.5％ and 69.4％ respectively in nondialyzed,peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients.The treatment rate was significantly higher in peritoneal dialysis (88.6％) and hemodialysis patients (96.9％) than that in non-dialyzed patients (58.2％) (all P＜0.01).According to K/DOQI guideline,the control rate of serum calcium,phosphorus,calcium and phosphorus product and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were much better in non-dialyzed patients as compared to dialyzed ones.The percentage of number of lab indicators meeting the standard was significantly higher in non-dialyzed patients as compared to dialyzed ones (P＜0.01).According to KDIGO guideline,the control rate of serum phosphorus was significantly lower in hemodialysis patients (23.6％) than that in peritoneal dialysis (36.9％) and non-dialyzed patients (46.7％) (P＜0.01). Conclusions In non-dialyzed patients with moderate or advanced stage CKD,the awareness rate and treatment rate of mineral and bone disorder are relatively low,and the control rate is relatively high.Whereas in dialyzed patients,the awareness rate and treatment rate are relatively high,and the control rate is relatively low.