OBJECTIVE: To introduce the general situation of the internal clinical studies about electro-acupuncture in treating depressive disorders during the recent 20 years so as to investigate further the effectiveness and safety of electro-acupuncture in treating depressive disorders.DATA SOURCES: A computer-based online search of Pubmed database and Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM) was undertaken to identify relevant articles published in Chinese between 1984 and 2004 with the keywords of "electro-acupuncture, depression".STUDY SELECTION: The data were checked firstly, and the full-texts of clinical trials were searched. Inclusion criteria: ① having definite diagnostic criteria; ② randomized control study or control trial; ③ the interventions in the treatment group should be electro-acupuncture or electroacupuncture combined with antidepressant drugs or electro-acupuncture combined with placebo, and those in the control group should be antidepressant drugs, antidepressant drugs combined with modeling electroacupuncture and only electro-acupuncture or without antidepressant measures. Exclusion criteria: ① non-control study; ② the interventions in the treatment group or control group did not accord with the inclusive criteria;③ mechanism study; ④ repetitive study.DATA EXTRACTION: In total 99 relevant articles were collected and 15 were selected according to the in clusive criteria and the others were excluded.DATA SYNTHESIS: Of the 15 articles, 12 were randomized control studies and 3 were control studies. The studies all lasted 1-1.5 months, all were completed in China, and the number of patients was 30-241. Six studies compared the effect and safety in treating depression between electro-acupuncture and traditional antidepressant drug therapy, 2 studies compared the effect of electro-acupuncture and new antidepressant drug, 4studies observed the effect of electro-acupuncture combined with drug and drug 9r electro-acupuncture only on depression, 1 study compared the effect of electro-acupuncture with that of western medicine in the treatment of depression, and 2 studies observed the role of electro-acupuncture in treating post-stroke depression.CONCLUSION: Electro-acupuncture has the similar effect of western antidepressant drug in treating depressive disorders; moreover, it has the advantages of fewer side effects, higher safety and easier acceptance of the patients, etc. There are fewer clinical studies of large samples and strictly following the randomized control and blinded principle, so clinical studies of high quality are still needed to provide more powerful evidences.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of a composite treatment with stone scraping, cupping, electroacupuncture and infrared irradiation for neck-type cervical spondylosis.Methods: Seventy subjects were randomly allocated into composite treatment group (35 cases) and control group (35 cases). The composite treatment group was treated by scraping along the Governor Meridian, the Gallbladder Meridian and the Bladder Meridian with Geng's multifunctional stone plate, quick cupping with subsequent retention of cups, routine electroacupuncture, and infrared irradiation. The control group was treated by routine electroacupuncture and infrared irradiation. Both groups were treated once very other day, 6 times as a course. The clinical curative effects and adverse responses were evaluated immediately after each treatment and at the completion of one course of treatment in both groups. Results: The total immediate effective rate was 88.6% in the composite treatment group and 80.0% in the control group. The immediate effect was significantly better in the composite treatment group than in the control group (P＜0.05). The total effective rate at the completion of one course of treatment was 97.1% in the composite treatment group and 94.3% in the control group. The curative effect after one course of treatment was also significantly better in the composite treatment group than in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Composite treatment with acupuncture, stone scraping and cupping is safe and effective in treating neck-type cervical spondylosis

BACKGROUND:The dental pulp stem cells,marrow mesenchymal stem cells and periodontal ligament stem cells belong to the adult stem cells from oral cavity,which own two features of the adult stem calls:the ability of renewing themselves strongly and the potential of splitting.Through the continuous study of many kinds of stem cells from oral cavity,it is very helpful for human to show the process of making the firm organizations of tooth and the inducing mechanism,in order to direct the related clinical work and the prevention work.OBJECTIVE:To summarize features and application perspective of various adult stem cells from oral cavity in the clinic.METHODS:The first author retrieved PubMed database(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed)and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(http://www.cnki.net)for relevant literatures published from January 1999 to December 2009.The key words were "stem call,dentistry".A total of 80 literatures were screened,and studies on basic research and clinical application of stem calls in stomatology medical field were included.Old and duplicated studies were excluded and finally 19 literatures were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With development of study,adult stem cells in oral cavity will be gradually found to establish integrated stem cell database,which can provide cell source for tissue engineering study in the oral cavity.

Objective This study was made to observe the effect of different surface treatment pure titanium on bond strengt of pure titanium and porcelain, and find the mechanism as basisi of clinic use.Methods Dental pure titanium(TA2) was choosen as material,before applied for porcelain the rest groups were treat as followings:the metal substrate surface was smeared with Nano-scale material(nano-SiO2,nano-gold and nano-palladium particles), compared with control group ,and find the change of bond strengt. The change of bond strengt in the Ti-porcelain interface area were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis(EPMA) respectively.Results Before applied for porcelain, the metal substrate surface was smeared with nano-SiO2 and nano-gold particles,we acquired a positive effect to increase the bonding strength,while using nano-palladium particles has a negativee ffect. Conclusion The bonding strength was enhanced when the metal substrate surface was smeared with nano-SiO2 before applied for porcelain,so we adviced that it should be used in practice as a try.

Congenital Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Ear, Inner ; abnormalities ; Humans

Objective To study the morphology of the persistent foramen of Huschke (PHF)and the weakness of the remains of foramen of Huschke (WRHF)in the external auditory canal (EAC)by high resolution computer tomography (HRCT)in vivo. Methods The thin HRCT images of 525 cases elder than 5 years were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists,to detect the PHF or WRHF,and to depict the precise location,size and the distance to the tympanic membrane.The incidence,sex differences, and morphologic data of PHF and WRHF were statistical analyzed.Results ①PHFs were found in 146 EACs of 40 males and 77 fe-males with the prevalence of 13.91%,and were found on both sides in 29 cases.Mean maximum axial diameter was 2.35 mm± 1.1 6 mm (0.6-5.8 mm)and sagittal diameter was 2.09 mm±1.2 mm (0.5-6.2 mm).Mean distance between the inner edge of PFH and the sulcus tympanicus was 1.61 mm±2.4 mm (0-10 mm).②WRHFs were found in 233 EACs of 58 males and 122 fe-males with the prevalence of 22.1 9%,and were found on both sides in 53 cases.Mean maximum axial diameter was 2.43 mm± 0.89 mm (0.8-5.4 mm)and sagittal diameter was 2.08 mm±0.73 mm (0.6-4.3 mm).Mean distance between the inner edge of WRPFH and the sulcus tympanicus was 1.55 mm±1.2 mm (0 - 9.9 mm).③The distance to the sulcus tympanicus was within 3 mm in 137 cases (90.73%)of PFHs and 221 cases (94.43%)of WRFHs.Conclusion Both PHF and WRFH are common by the CT morphological study in vivo.The medial part of EAC is predominant and female is predominant.The incidence and the location of PHF and WRFH are no significant difference.

Objective To observe the effect of intravenous injection of different doses of propofol on the ceil apoptosis and NF-kB p65 in the acute lung injury(ALl)induced by LPS in rats.Method Sixty SD rats were randomly(random number)divided into five groups,namely,control(NS)group,Au model group and propofol intervention groups(P1,P2,P3 groups).The lung injury was evaluated by using microscopy with hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining and arterial blood gas,and Western blotting Was applied to evaluating the nuclear translocation of NF-KB P65 in lung tissues.The apoptosis rate of lung tissue Was determined by flow cytometric analysis.Results Lung injury in model group reached the pathologic criteria of acute lung injury,and it was attenuated apparently in propofol intervention groups(P1,P2,P3 groups)in dose-dependent manner.Western blotting results showed that the nuclear translocation of NF-KB P65 and the apoptosis rate increased significantly in ALI model group compared with control group(P<0.05),and decreased in propofol intervention groups compared with ALl model group(P<0.05).Conclusions Propofol Can attenuate acute lung injury induced by LPS in rats,and significantly inhibit the nuclear translocation of NF-KB P65 and the cell apoptosis in lung tissues.The effect of propofol attenuating acute lung injury induced by LPS in rats may be attributed to the inhibition of nuclear translocation of NF-KB P65and ceil apoptosis in lung tissues.

Objective To investigate the effects of propofol on activation of NF-κB in polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in rats with LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Methods Sixty healthy SD rats of both sexes, aged 3 months, weighing 250-350 g, were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 12 each):control group (group C), ALI group and 3 different dose of propofol groups (group P1, P2, P3). The animals were anesthetized with intraperitaneal 3% pentobarbital sodium 40 mg/kg. LPS 5 mg/kg was injected via femoral vein in group ALI.Propofol 5, 10 and 15 mg· kg- 1· h- 1 was infused intravenously over 2 h immeliately after injection of LPS 5 ng/kg through femoral vein in group P1, P2 and P3 respectivey. In group C normal saline 10 ml was injected via femoral vein instead. All rats were killed by exsanguination at the end of infusion of propofol. The right lung was removed for microscopic examination. The morphologic changes were scored 0-3 (0 = normal, 3 = severe morphologic changes). Blood samples were collected from carotid artery for determination of the expression of total NF-κB and activated NF-κB in PMNs by Western blot. Results Compared with group C, morphologic change scores and activated NF-κB expression in PMNs were significantly increased in group ALI, P1 and P2, and morphologic change scores increased in group P3. Morphologic change scores in group P1 and P2 and activated NF-κB expression in PMNs in group P1, P2 and P3 were significantly decreased compared with those in group ALl. Morphologic change scores and activated NF-κB expression in PMNs were decreased gradually in group P1, P2 and P3 . There was no significant difference in total NF-κB expression in PMNs among all groups. Conclusion Propofol can attenuate ALI induced by LPS through inhibition of the activation of NF-κB in PMNs in rats.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression patterns of the chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 in human sperm.

METHODSWe collected semen samples from 10 fertile men, performed density gradient centrifugation, and then determined the expressions of both CXCL12 and CXCR4 in the sperm by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining.

RESULTSRT-PCR revealed the mRNA expressions of CXCL12 (0.641 +/- 0.180) and CXCR4 (0.464 +/- 0.100) in the sperm. However, only CXCR4 rather than CXCL12 was expressed at the protein level, and the positive staining for CXCR4 was observed mainly in the posterior part of the acrosome.

CONCLUSIONCXCL12 and CXCR4 are involved as important molecules in regulating the function of human sperm.

Acrosome ; metabolism ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Spermatozoa ; metabolism

AIM:To investigate the differences of clinical signs and pathological structure of unilateral nasal pterygium and unilateral double pterygium.METHODS:Retrospective study.Totally 11 unilateral nasal pterygium and 11 unilateral double pterygium were collected to observe the size of the tissue area, the classification of blood vessels, the transparency and the break-up time of tear film.The 11 surgically excised double pterygia (11 eyes) and 6 samples of normal conjunctiva were collected for the study.With 40g/L paraformaldehyde fixation, paraffin sections were stained with Haematoxylin-Eosin, to observe the differences with nasal and temporal pathology under light microscope.RESULTS:In unilateral double pterygium, the tear break-up time was significantly shorter than that of unilateral nasal pterygium (t=3.410, P=0.003).In unilateral nasal pterygium, there was a significant negative correlation between tear film break-up time and tissue size(r=-0.927, P<0.01) and transparency(r=-0.764,P<0.01).In unilateral double pterygium, the tear break-up time was significantly negatively correlated with the growth time (r=-0.661, P<0.05), tissue size (r=-0.775, P<0.01) and transparency (r=-0.671,P<0.05).In unilateral double pterygium, compared with the temporal side, the quantity of the layers of corneal epithelial cells (t=-7.351, P<0.05), vessels (t=-7.400, P<0.05) and inflammatory cells (t=-7.481, P<0.05) increased.CONCLUSION:Compared with unilateral nasal pterygium, the tear film break-up time of unilateral double pterygium was poor.In unilateral double pterygium, with high activity, the degree of proliferation of squamous epithelium, hyperplasia and inflammatory reaction are significantly higher than those of the temporal side.