Objective To investigate the high risk factors for severe complications after cardiopulmonary bypass cardiac surgery of patients aged 70 years and over. Methods 204 consecutive patients aged 70 years and over undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass cardiac surgery in our department were investigated.The patients′ characteristics,perioperative outcomes and the high risk factors for severe complications after surgery were analyzed.Results The overall mortality was 6.4%(13 of 204).A total of 40 cases with severe complications,including early death after surgery,were recorded.It was significantly higher than that in patients aged

Objective: To study the possibility of liposomes to ta rget hepatocytes af ter being linked with asialofetuin(AF). Methods: The biodistribu tions in differen t cells in liver as well as in blood, in various organs such as heart, spleen, l ung and kidney of mice, of traditional sterically stabilized liposomes(SSL) , AF-linked normal liposomes(AF-NL) and AF-linked sterically stabilized lipos ome s(AF-SSL) were studied by radioisotopic labeling. Results: The half-live s of SSL, AF-NL and AF-SSL were 14.44, 4.73 and 11.49 h， respectively. The di strib ution of liposomes in liver was AF-NL>AF-SSL>SSL. There was significant differenc e among these three formulations. In hepatocytes and non-hepatocytes, the conce ntr ations of the liposomes were both in line with the sequence AF-NL>AF-SSL>SSL( P <0.05). However, the ra tios of the concentrations in hepatocytes to that of non-hepatocytes were AF-N L≈AF -SSLSSL( P <0.05). Conclusion: After being labeled with asi alofetuin, liposomes can target hepatocytes very we ll， whether in long-circulation or not.

Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin calcium with different doses on inflammatory cytokine and carotid atherosclerotic plaque of patients with cerebral infarction.Methods One hundred and seventy-eight patients with cerebral infarction admitted into our hospital from January 2014 to June 2015 were divided into low dose (LD) group and high dose (HD) group.Ninety patients in LD group were treated with atorvastatin calcium in a dose of 10 mg/d,and eighty-seven patients in HD group were treated with atorvastatin calcium in a dose of 20 mg/d.The serum levels of lipid including TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,inflammatory cytokine including hs-CRP,IL-6,TNF-α,and carotid atherosclerotic plaque of both groups were analyzed and compared before and after treatment.Results After six months of treatment,the serum levels and inflammatory cytokine of patients in both groups showed remarkable improvement (P ＜ 0.05),and those in HD group were significantly better than those of LD group (P ＜ 0.05).Additionally,compared with those before treatment,changes in carotid atherosclerotic plaque of patients in LD group were not obvious,while those in HD group markedly decreased,and which were significantly lower than those of LD group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Atorvastatin calcium with HD of 20 mg/d showed a better capability on improving serum levels of lipid,inflammatory cytokine,and carotid atherosclerotic plaque of patients with cerebral infarction than those with LD of 10 mg/d.

Objective To investigate the values of recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator (rt-PA)) in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction complicated with atrial fibrillation.Methods Used the prospective research methods,74 patients of acerebral infarction complicated with atrial fibrillation in Xi'an XD Group Hospital from February 2015 to August 2016 were selected and were equally divided into the observation group and the control group accorded to the principle of random envelope drawing.The control group was treated with urokinase intravenous thrombolytic therapy,the observation group was treated with rt-PA intravenous thrombolytic therapy,and the prognosis of the two groups were observed.Results There were no significant differences in gender,age,time window,disease,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure compared between the two groups.The treatment efficiency in the observation group and control group were 94.6％ and 75.7％,the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the mRS scores in the observation group and the control group were (5.22± 1.83) points and (7.29± 1.45) points,were significantly lower than those before treatment of (10.24± 1.31) points and (10.19 ± 1.52) points (P ＜ 0.05),and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).In the observation group,the symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and non symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage were 5.4％ and 2.7％ respectively,so that were 18.9％ and 16.2％ in the control group that the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator of patients with acute cerebral infarction combined with atrial fibrillation is safe and effective,it can promote the improvement of neurological function,and has good application value.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ( hUCM-SCs ) against Aβ-induced impairment in rats and the possible mechanism .Methods Male SD rats ( weight 210~230 g ) were divided randomly into five groups with ten in each:① control group ( con );② vehicle-control group ( sterile distilled water , v-con );③ hUC-MSCs-control group ( hUCMSCs-con );④ Aβinjury group ( injury );⑤ hUCMSCs treatment group ( hUCM-SCs) .Six-day Morris water maze behavioral task was employed to test the spatial learning and memory of the animals.Neuro-pathological evaluation under thionin stain was performed after behavioral task .The level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) and nerve growth factor ( NGF ) were tested through ELISA .Re-sults hUCMSCs enhanced the cognitive performance of Aβtreated rats, and reversed Aβ-induced cell loss in CA1 hippocampus.On the cellular level, hUCMSCs attenuated Aβinjection induced down-regulation of NGF and BDNF.Conclusion Administration of hUC-MSCs can reverse the behavioral and cellular impair-ment of Aβtreated rats, as well as the down-regulation of neurotrophins , thus exerting a neuronal protective effect, which provides a potential therapeutic strategy for disorders with learning and memory impairment , such as Alzheimer ’ s disease ( AD) .

OBJECTIVETo discuss whether asiaticosides could effectively reduce the endothelial cell damage as a biochemical modulator, so as to further inhibit the post-stenting intima-media membrane hyperplasia.

METHODHuman aortic smooth muscle cells and aortic fibroblasts were selected and divided into the blank group, the rapamycin group and the asiaticoside group and the rapamycin and asiaticoside group. The expressions of muscle cells and fibroblasts TGF-beta1, Smad7 and I-collagen gene were determined by RT-PCR. The expression quantity of I-collagen protein was assayed by ELISA. The coefficient of drug interaction (CDI) between rapamycin and asiaticoside was calculated. Additionally, 16 Chinese mini-swines were randomly divided into group A and group B. One sirolimus drug-eluting stent of the same type was implanted after the high-pressure pre-expansion of anterior descending artery balloon. After the operation, the group A was intravenously injected with normal saline 30 mL x d(-1). Whereas the group B was intravenously injected with asiaticoside 30 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)(diluted to 30 mL). The expressions of plasma vWF of the two groups were measured at the 7th and 14th days after the operation. At the 28th day after the operation, tissues of the stented vessel segments were sliced and stained to calculate the vessel area, inner stent area, lumen area and neointima area

RESULTCompared with the control group, the combination group showed significant up-regulation in smooth muscle cells and fibroblast Smad7 gene, down-regulation in TGF-beta, and obvious inhibition of I-collagen gene expression (P < 0.01). As for smooth muscle cells, there was no difference in the expression of I-collagen between the combination group and the rapamycin group, with CDI at 0. 83. As for fibroblasts, there was a significant difference in the expression of I-collagen between the combination group and the rapamycin group (P < 0.05), with CDI at 0.77. Plasma vWF of the group B was significantly lower than that of the group A (P < 0.05) at the 7th and 14th days after the operation. At the 28th day after the operation, no difference was observed in vessel area and stent area between the two groups. However, the lumen area in the group B was significantly larger than that of the group A(P < 0.05), and the neointima area of the group B was significantly smaller than that of the group A (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAs an effective biochemical modulator for rapamycin, asiaticosides could inhibit TGF-beta expression, significantly decrease the synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix, further inhibit the post-stenting intima-media membrane hyperplasia and reduce the endothelial cell damage by effectively up-regulate the expression of Smad7 protein.

Animals ; Collagen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Coronary Restenosis ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Smad7 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stents ; adverse effects ; Swine ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Triterpenes ; administration & dosage

Objective To investigate the changes of iodide uptake and the expression of thyroidspecific genes in poorly differentiated follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) cells after transfection of human TSH receptor (hTSHR) gene in vitro. Methods The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid PcDNA3. 1/hTSHR-cDNA was transformed into DH5a bacterial for amplification and then the recombinant plasmid was extracted. The recombinant was identified with PCR amplifying, restriction enzyme digestion analysis and DNA sequencing. The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/hTSHR was transfected into FTC-133 cell line by lipofectin methodin vitro. Immunofluorescence, iodide uptake studies and real time-PCR were applied to detect target protein expression. Statistical analysis was performed with t-test using SPSS 13. 0 software. Results Kpn Ⅰ and Xba Ⅰ restriction enzyme digestion, PCR amplifying and DNA sequencing confirmed that pcDNA3. 1/hTSHR was successfully constructed. After transfection of the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3. 1/hTSHR-cDNA and the stimulation of hTSH, the tumor cells displayed the expression of hTSHR protein at cell surface and cytoplasm. The iodine uptake in pcDNA3. 1/hTSHR transfected cells was 2. 9 times higher than that of control(pcDNA3.1(+) transfected cells) group(t = 28.63, P ＜0. 01). The expression of TSHR,NIS, TPO and Tg (mRNA levels) in pcDNA3. 1/hTSHR transfected cells were also significantly elevated by 1.74 (t =5.959, P＜0.01), 7.2 (t =3.807,P＜0.05), 2.88 (t=4.769,P＜0. 01) and 2.67 times (t=6.388,P ＜0.01) respectively compared to those of the control group. Conclusion The study demonstrates that iodide uptake may be reactivated by hTSHR receptor gene transfection in poorly differentiated FTC cell.

The ITS/ITS2 barcodes were used to simply and effectively identify Codonopsis Radix and its adulter-ants. In this study, ITS (internal transcribed spacer of unclear ribosomal DNA) regions were amplified using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) from thirty-three samples of Codonopsis Radix and ITS2 regions were obtained from the ITS sequences using the hidden Markov model (HMMer)-based annotation methods. The sequences of ITS/ITS2 regions were aligned and the genetic distances were computed by MEGA5.0. Species identification efficiency of ITS/ITS2 sequences were evaluated using BLAST1 and nearest distance methods. The results indicated that The sequences lengths of ITS regions of Codonopsis Radix were 654-655 bp, and the lengths of ITS2 regions were 239 bp. The intraspecific genetic distances among Codonopsis Radix were obviously lower than the interspecific genetic distance between Codonopsis Radix and its adulterants. Therefore, ITS/ITS2 regions can stably and accu-rately distinguish Codonopsis Radix and its adulterants.

AIMTo investigate the formation mechanism, macromolecular drug loading capacity and release property of alginate-chitosan microcapsules (ACM).

METHODSACM was prepared by emulsification-gelation method and its formation mechanism was studied by DSC analysis. Using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as model drug, the drug loading and release properties of the microcapsules on macromolecular drug were investigated.

RESULTSThe results of DSC analysis showed that there is electrostatic interaction between materials encapsulated in the microcapsule. With the increase of BSA microcapsule ratio, the BSA loading percentage rose from 9.20% to 35.08%; and with the ascent of chitosan (CTS) concentration, the BSA loading percentage increased from 30.29% to 38.12%. The BSA microcapsules whowed a two-phase release in both 0.1 mol.L-1 HCl and phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4). With the increase of CTS concentration, the BSA release more and more slowly in 0.1 mol.L-1 HCl.

CONCLUSIONSpheric and well-dispersed alginate-chitosan microcapsules were prepared. The microcapsule showed good loading capacity to BSA as well as sustained release to a certain degree.

Alginates ; chemistry ; Biopolymers ; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Capsules ; Chitin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Chitosan ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; administration & dosage ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations,diagnosis and treatment of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) associated intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods The clinical manifestations,treatment and prognosis of CAA associated intracerebral hemorrhage were analyzed in 4 patients who were identified as CAA-related hemorrhage (CAAH) by pathology.Results All of the 4 patients showed massive lobar intracranial hemorrhage,and underwent craniotomy evacuation of hematoma.One patient had postoperative hemorrhage,and 2 patients were treated with recombinant activated factor Ⅶ after operation.In the next 6 months,re-hemorrhage was found in 3 patients in whom one patient died due to massive hemorrhage.Conclusions CAAH has varied clinical manifestations with high risk of cerebral hemorrhage,and pathological diagnosis is necessary for a definite diagnosis.The very elderly patients with CAAH can benefit from the craniotomy evacuation of hematoma.Although surgery for massive hemorrhage has risks in very elderly patients,it is a better treatment to save their lives.