Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of the tympanic membrane atelectasis and treatment methods ,and to provide a reference value for future clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods A retro‐spective analysis of 86 patients(104 ears) with tympanic membrane atelectasis treated in our hospital from June 2011 to August 2013 .Disease severity was classified according to the erasmus classification of atelectasis by Sade ,and pre- and post -operative air -bone gaps (ABG) were compared .Results There was no statistical difference of mastoid gasification on CT scan between mild and sever tympanic membrane atelectasis (P>0 .05) .While the sta‐tistical difference was found in two groups of whether there were soft tissues in middle ear and mastoid cavity on CT scan(P<0 .05) .There was an improvement in the average ABG for all stages .Conclusion This study demonstrated that surgical intervention had a favorable effect on hearing level across all stages .The treatment of atelectatic ears should be taken and individualized .

Since enrolling oral medical undergraduates, under the guiding ideology of “culti-vating applied medical personnel for grass roots”, Xi 'an Medical University has kept trying to find effective measures to strengthen tooth carving training. It has made full use of resources and advan-tages of oral professional technology, cleared the aim, significance, content and form of tooth carving training, paid attention to linking up tooth carving skill and oral clinical courses, then formed a set of distinctive tooth carving experimental teaching mode by strengthening teacher training, innovating pra-ctice teaching methods, making teaching models, carrying out opening experiment, designing com-prehensive experiment examination methods, and actively taking part in skill competitions, and so on.

Objective To investigate the effect of CD151 gene therapy on improving myocardial function in swines with myocardial infarction. Methods CD151, antisense CD151 and green fluorescent protein (GFP) were constructed into the recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV). Swines were divided into 4 groups: rAAV-GFP group (6 swines), rAAV-CD151 group (6 swines), rAAV-antiCD151 group (6 swines) and control group (6 swines). The swines were performed with coronary artery ligation and intramuscularly injection with rAAV. Eight weeks after vector administration, western blot was used to detect gene expression of CD151. 13N-labeled NH3 positron emission tomography (PET) was used to evaluate myocardial perfusion. Echocardiography was used to assess myocardial function. Results Compared with the control group and the rAAV-GFP group, the rAAV-CD151 group showed higher CD151 protein expression. Compared with the rAAV-GFP group, the defect size of myocardium was decreased[( 11.3±2.4)% vs. (21.1±2.6)%, t= -5.67,P<0.01] and left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular fractional shortening (FS), the ratio of anterior lateral wall thickening (△ALWT) and ratio of interventricular septum thickening (△IVST) were significantly improved in rAAV-CD151 group 8 weeks after vector administration [(65.7±4.6)% vs. (54.7±5.3)%, (36.0±2.9)% vs. (27.6±3.1)%,(55.4± 4.9)% vs. (36.8±7.8)%, (35.2±6.0)% vs. (26.7±4.4)%, t=3.98, 3.35, 3.34, 9.27, all P< 0.05]. The level of diastolic ALWT and diastolic IVST was also increased in rAAV CD151 group compared with rAAV-GFP group ( P<0.05).Compared with rAAV-CD151 group, parameters of myocardial function in rAAV-antisense CD151 group were not improved (P<0.05). Conclusions rAAV-CD151 can effectively transfeet the myocardium, increase the expression ofCD151 protein, promote the blood perfusion of myocardium and improve the ventricular function after myocardial infarction.

Objective: The signal transduction pathway of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K) may play important roles in promoting angiogenesis induced by growth factors.The involvement of CD151,a member of transmember-4 superfamily,remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the effects of the recombinant adeno-associated virus mediated CD151(rAAV-CD151) gene delivery on capillary density in myocardial infarction swine and its mechanisms.Methods: We established the swine model of myocardial infarction by coronary artery ligation,and intramuscularly injected rAAV-CD151,rAAV-GFP and rAAV-antiCD151 into the ischemic myocardium.Eight weeks after coronary artery ligation,we detected the expression of CD151,and measured capillary density by immunostaining for the von Willebrand factor.Results: Compared with the control and the rAAV-GFP groups,the rAAV-CD151 group showed a higher CD151 protein expression and capillary density in ischemic myocardium after myocardial infarction(P

Objective To evaluate the delivery of recombinant adeno-associated virus(rAAV)-mediated CD151 gene in promoting neovascularization and coronary collateralization in swines after myocardial infarction.Method Twenty-six chinese minipigs(clean,provided by breeding pig farm of Huazhong Agricultural University) were randomly divided into four groups:(1)normal control group(n=4):swines without surgery.(2)rAAV-GFP group(n=7):The acute myocardial infarction models were produced in swines by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD).The success criteria of the models was that ST-segment elevations in leatds I and aVL maintained for 20 minutes.The rAAV-GFP was injected into the left ventricular anterior wall(divided into 10 points,1×10 11 pfu/point).(3)rAAV-CD151 group(n=7):The operation method was the same as rAAV-GFP group.The rAAV-CD151 was injected into the left ventrieular anterior wall(divided into 10 points).(4) rAAV-antiCD151 group(n=8):The operation method was the same as rAAV-GFP group.The rAAV-antiCD151 was injected into the left ventricular anterior wall(divided into 10 points).Eight weeks after coronary artery liga-tion,the expression of CD151 was measured by western blot.Coronary angiography was done to evaluate collateral circulation of the infarct zone of myocardium.The infurct size was determined by staining with triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride(TTC).Statistical analysis wan carried out by using one-way analysis of variances.Results High level of CD151 protein expression was detected.Coronary angiography showed better collateral circulation in the rAAV-CD151 group.The percentage of infarct size was sinificanly lower in the rAAV-CD151 group (12.82±2.26)% than that in the other two groups,and that was higber in rAAV-anti-CD151 group(32.52±3.47)% than that in the rAAV-GFP group(23.14%±2.83%,both P＜0.05).Conelusions CD151 in vivo gene transferred to swines with acute myocardial infarction promotes neovascularization and thereby improves collateral circulation.

Objective To investigate the assessment methods and mechanisms of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID)-induced injury in rat small intestinal epithelial barrier,and to explore the protective effects of mucosal protective agents and antacids on it.Methods A total of 96 rats were evenly divided into the morphologic observation group and the mechanism research group,and 48 in each group.Then each group was evenly divided into eight subgroups:the healthy control group,the model group (model established with indomethacin),the teprenone prevention group,the rabeprazole prevention group,the treatment control group,the teprenone treatment group,the rabeprazole treatment group and the teprenone and rabeprazole combined group (combined group),six in each group.Exfoliated cells gap density of small intestine of each subgroup was determined by confocal laser endomicroscopy.Serum level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB),caspase-3,zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1 )and occludin at protein level was detected by Western blotting.The LSD-t test or Hamhane′s T2 test was performed for statistical analysis.Results The exfoliated cells gap densities of the teprenone prevention group and the rabeprazole prevention group were (57.43 ± 24.55 )/1 000 and (59.80 ± 21 .14 )/1 000,respectively, which were both lower than that of the model group ((110.93±50.58)/1 000),and the differences were statistically significant (t= 53.50 and 54.13,both P < 0.01 ).The exfoliated cells gap density of the combined group was (40.53 ±15 .39)/1 000,which was lower than that of the treatment control group ((93.80±40.65 )/1 000 ),and the difference was statistically significant (t =44.27,P <0.01 ).The serum levels of TNF-α of the teprenone prevention group and the rabeprazole prevention group were (25 .80±8.97)ng/L and (22.74 ±7.15 )ng/L,repsectively,which were both lower than that of the model group ((44.48 ± 7.42 )ng/L),and the differences were statistically significant (t = 18.68 and 21 .74,both P <0.01 ).The serum level of TNF-αof the combined group ((13.66 ±4.98)ng/L)was lower than that of the treatment control group ((24.67±6.70)ng/L),and the difference was statistically significant (t = 9.02,P < 0.01 ).The caspase-3 levels of teprenone prevention group and rabeprazole prevention group were 1 .47 ±0.35 and 1 .58 ±0.34,and the NF-κB levels of these two groups were 1 .27±0.14 and 1 .21 ± 0.10,respectively.Compared with those of model group (2.44 ± 0.45 and 1 .69±0.13),the differences were statistically significant (t =0.97,0.86,0.42 and 0.48,respectively, all P <0.01 ).The levels of caspase-3 and NF-κB of the combined group were 0.66±0.06 and 0.44 ± 0.21 ,respectively,which were lower than those of the treatment control group,and the differences were statistically significant (t=0.34 and 0.56,both P <0.01).The expressions of occludin at protein level of the teprenone prevention group and the rabeprazole prevention group were 0.69 ±0.16 and 0.74 ±0.11 , and the levels of ZO-1 were 0.81 ± 0.08 and 0.84 ± 0.12.Compared with those of the model group (0.45 ±0.22 and 0.64±0.07 ),the differences were statistically significant (t =0.24,0.29,0.17 and 0.21 ,respectively,all P <0.01 ).The levels of occludin and ZO-1 of the combined group were 2.50 ± 0.46 and 1 .76±0.18,which were higher than those of the treatment control group,and the differences were statistically significant (t =1 .50 and 0.76,both P <0.01 ).Conclusions The exfoliated cells gap density may be a valuable indicator to predict the degree of inflammation response and permeability of epithelial barrier as well as to evaluate efficacy of medication.Teprenone and rabeprazole have prevention and treatment effects on NSAID-induced injury in rat small intestine.

Objective To determine the effects of~(99)Tc-MDP on joint inflammation and bone destruc- tion in collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rats model and its effect on tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-?). Methods CIA was induced by immunization of male SD rats with an emulsion of collagen.~(99)Tc-MDP or placebo was intravenous infused to rats for 20 days.Joint inflammation was assessed by arthritis index.Lesions of bone were assessed based on the histological changes in ankle joints,radiographic analysis in hind paw with Larsen score.Systemic TNF-?level was measured by radioimmune assay.Results~(99)Tc-MDP suppressed joint swelling(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of carbonic anhydrase II (CA2) in human testes and spermatozoa, and to compare the expressions of CA2 in ejaculated spermatozoa between normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic men.

METHODSThe localization of CA2 in human testes was observed by immunohistochemistry, and that in human sperm by immunofluorescence. Western blot was used to detect the expression of CA2 in the semen samples obtained from 16 normozoospermic and 16 asthenozoospermic volunteers.

RESULTSThe CA2 protein was shown to be localized in the tail of elongating spermatids by immunohistochemistry and in the flagellum of human sperm by immunofluorescence. Western blot revealed an obviously increased expression of CA2 in the spermatozoa of asthenozoospermic patients, with statistically significant difference from the normozoospermic group (1.84 +/- 0.32 vs 1.41 +/- 0.26, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe CA2 protein is expressed in the spermatogenic stage of elongating spermatids in human testes and localized in the sperm tail. The expression of CA2 is significantly increased in the spermatozoa of asthenozoospermic men, which might be responsible for low sperm motility.

Asthenozoospermia ; metabolism ; Carbonic Anhydrase II ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; metabolism ; Testis ; metabolism

AIMTo study polyethylenimine (PEI)-mediated in vivo gene transfection into testis cells and preliminary functional research of spermatogenic cell-specific gene NYD-SP12 using this method.

METHODSPEI/DNA complexes were introduced into the seminiferous tubules of mouse testes using intratesticular injection. Transfection efficiency and speciality were analyzed on the third day of transfection with fluorescent microscopy and hematoxylin staining. The long-lasting expression of the GFP-NYD-SP12 fusion protein and its subcellular localization in spermatogenic cells at different stages were analyzed with fluorescent microscopy and propidium iodide staining.

RESULTSWith the mediation of PEI, the GFP-NYD-SP12 fusion gene was efficiently transferred and expressed in the germ cells (especially in primary spermatocytes). Transfection into Sertoli cells was not observed. The subcellular localization of the GFP-NYD-SP2 fusion protein showed dynamic shifts in spermatogenic cells at different stages during spermatogenesis.

CONCLUSIONPEI can efficiently mediate gene transfer into spermatocytes. Thus, it might be useful for the functional research of spermatogenic-cell specific genes such as the NYD-SP12 gene. In our study, the NYD-SP12 protein was visualized and was involved in the formation of acrosome during spermatogenesis. Our research will continue into the detailed function of NYD-SP12 in spermatocytes.

Animals ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Polyethyleneimine ; Spermatogenesis ; physiology ; Transfection ; methods

AIMTo investigate the role of a novel dipeptidyl peptidase 8 transcript variant (DPP8-v3) gene in testis development and/or spermatogenesis.

METHODSA human testis cDNA microarray was hybridized with mRNA of human adult and fetal testes. Differentially expressed clones were sequenced and characterized and their expression was analyzed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern-blot analysis.

RESULTSA new transcript variant of the human dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP8), exhibiting a 5-fold higher expression level in human adult than that in fetal testes, was cloned and was named DPP8 variant 3 (DPP8-v3). The full-length sequence of DPP8-v3 was 3,030 bp, encoding a protein of 898 amino acids.

CONCLUSIONDPP8-v3 is a novel human DPP8 transcript variant highly expressed in the adult testis. Similar to DPPIV, DPP8-v3 may play a key role in the immunoregulation of testes and accordingly may influence spermatogenesis and male fertility.

Adult ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Southern ; DNA Primers ; DNA, Complementary ; Dipeptidases ; chemistry ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Testis ; embryology ; enzymology ; growth & development