Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of joints,bone and cartilage erosion,synovial hyperplasia,and the pathogenesis of RA is not clear.γδT cells are a new kind of phenotype and function T lymphocyte subsets,which mainly distribute in the mucosal and epithelial tissue and account for 1％-10％ of the total T cells in the peripheral blood,and bridge innate and adaptive immunity.γδT cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of RA by the functions of antigen-presenting capacity,secretion of proinflammatory cytokines,immunomodulatory effects,and auxiliary function for B cells.

Objective To compare the different effects of endurance and exhaustive exercises on hepcidin in the blood and liver,and determine the changes of related indexes about iron metabolism and hypoxia response,and of inflammatory and antimicrobial activity factors.Methods Thiry female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (n=10),an endurance exercise group (n=10) and an exhaustive exercise group (n=10).Then 4 weeks of endurance and exhaustive treadmill training were given to different exercise groups respectively.Blood samples were collected,the routine indexes of the whole blood,and the serum indexes about iron metabolism,hypoxia response,inflammatory and antimicrobial activity factors were measured.Meanwhile,liver samples were fixed,embedded and sliced,and the expression of hepcidin,hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and nuclear factor of kappa b (NF-κB) of different groups were measured using the immunochemistry staining.Results Compared with the control group,after 4-week endurance exercises,there was significant increase in the concentration of erythropoietin (EPO),but significant differences in the level of serum hepcidin and interleukin 6 (IL-6).However,after 4 weeks of exhaustive exercise,significant increase was observed in the level of hepcidin and the expression of HIF-1α in the serum and liver,as well as the serum interleukin 1 (IL-1),IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α and C reactive protein,but significant decrease was found in the concentration of serum EPO and the level of serum TF and sTFR compared to the control group.Moreover,there was significant increase in the level of toll-like receptor 4 and NF-κB,which is correlated with the antimicrobial peptide activity of hepcidin compared between the exhaustive and control group.Conclusions Four-week endurance exercise down-regulates the level of serum hepcidin,while 4-week exhaustive exercise increases the hepcidin level in the serum and liver significantly.Therefore,different exercises can result in totally different effect on the hepcidin level.

Objective: To investigate the changes of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) and plasma D-dimer levels and their relationship with the volume of cerebral infarc-tion in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods: The levels of serum hs-CRP and plasma D-dimer in the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜0.05); as compared with the patients with moderate infarction (5-10 cm3) and small infarction (≤ 5 cm3), the levels of serum hs-CRP and plasma D-dimer in patients with large cerebral infarction (≥ 10 cm3 ) increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions: Measuring the levels of serum hs-CRP and plasma D-dimer may contribute to the early diagnosis of cerebral infarction and the prediction of the volume of cerebral infarction.

Objective To examine the academic emotions and its relationship with academic self-efficacy among secondary special school students. Methods 352 secondary special school students were collected as the subjects.All subjects were tested with academic emotions questionnaire and academic self-efficacy questionnaire and analyzed the result of the test by multivariate analysis of variance,correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. Results Scores on enjoyment,anxiety,anger,depression,total scores on positive-high arousal academic emotions and negative-high arousal academic emotions of secondary special school girls(27.88±3.84,24.77±5.03,18.03±3.37,18.14±3.65,59.33±7.98,57.48±10.49,respectively)were higher than those of boys(26.41±4.55,22.38±5.71,17.01±3.91,16.07±3.94,57.46±9.20,53.45±11.76,respectively),(P<0.05).The academic emotions' differences among different grades of secondary special school students were not significant(F-(1,348)=1.275,P=0.226).The interaction of gender and grade on academic emotions was not significant(F-(1,348)=1.057,P=0.397).Academic emotions and academic self-efficacy was interrelated(r=-0.513～0.685).The result of multiple regression analysis showed that each factor of academic self-efficacy played a significant predictor role on academic emotions(β=-0.631～0.462,P<0.01). Conclusion The academic emotions' differences between secondary special school boys and girls are significant. Academic self-efficacy is closely related to academic emotions.

AIM: To study the mechanism of effects about total flavones of choeropondias axillaris (TFC) to heart. METHODS: The effects of TFC on contractility were investigated through acting on the guinea pig right ventricle papillary muscles. RESULTS: TFC decreased both the contractility and contraction rate of papillary muscles. The quantity-effect curve of CaCl2 was shifted to right after giving TFC. TFC 30.4 μmol·L-1 prolonged remarkably the functional refractory period (FRP) of guinea pig right ventricle papillary muscles, but exerted no effect on excitability. CONCLUSION: TFC can inhibit the Ca2+ influx into cell in a concentration-dependent manner.

Objective To study the relationship between the irritable bowel syndrome and bacterial overgrowth in the intestines.Methods Forty-nine cases of irritable bowel syndrome presenting as diarrhea or constipation were tested by the lactose-functose hydrogen breath test to determine the oral-cecal passage time and positive rate was noted.Of the cases with positive tests ten were selected for treatment with prepulsid for one week,and the pre-and post-treatment passage times were compared.Results In regard to passage time both diarrhea and constipation types of the irritable bowel syndrome showed prolongation compared with controls(P0 05),and improvement after treatment compared with pre-treatment,diarrhea was also improved by treatment.Conclusion Intestinal dysfunction can lead to bacterial overgrowth in the intestines,which can be a cause of the irritable bowel syndrome.

Prevention and treatment of tumor metastasis are important for the therapy of colon cancer. The discovery of stem cell markers provides a new approach for radical treatment of cancer. So far,the colon cancer stem cell markers discovered included several membrane protein molecules,transcription factors and related signal pathway. Exploration of colon cancer stem cell markers could contribute to the treatment of colon cancer and improve the survival rate and life quality of patients. This article reviewed the advances in study on colon cancer stem cell markers.

Objective To establish a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification RT-LAMP rapid detection method of enterovirus 71(EV71) in hand ,foot and mouth disease (HFMD) ,and to evaluate its application.Methods Four types of LAMP primers were designed by using the software needle based on the 6 distinct regions of the specific gene of EV71.The process of amplification was completed in the ordinary thermostatic water container by 65 ℃ for 1200 min.The results of amplification were judged by electrophoresis and naked-eye.Seventy EV71 type intestinal positive specimens were simultaneously detected by RT-LAMP and RT-PCR methods.EV71 type of intestinal virus RNA were made a series.After 10 times of dilution ,the RT-LAMP and RT-PCR methods were used to conduct the detection for comparing their sensitivities.Results The LAMP characteristic ladder bands of EV71 appeared ,then the results could judged by the naked-eye.The detection rate in 100 EV71 samples had no statistical difference between RT-LAMP and RT-PCR methods (P>0.05).The sensitivity (10.0 pg/μL) of RT-LAMP was same to that of RT-PCR method.Conclusion The RT-LAMP detection method for EV71 was established ,which can be used for nucleic acid am-plification in the ordinary thermostatic water container.The preliminary application verifies that this RT-LAMP assay has a certain application prospect.

BACKGROUND:Cardiac stem cels transplanted to the myocardial infarction area can effectively improve ventricular remodeling and promote heart function. But the survival rate of transplanted cels is lower in the infracted area under hypoxic microenvironment. Hypoxia inducing factor 1 alpha under anoxic conditions can stably express, and meanwhile increase the activity and survival ability of myocardial cels. OBJECTIVE:To elaborate the research progress in hypoxia inducing factor 1 alpha-transfected cardiac stem cels for treatment of myocardial infarction from the folowing aspects: cardiac stem cel characteristics, mechanism underlying myocardial protection of hypoxia inducing factor 1 alpha, selection of carriers and transplantation approach. METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI and PubMed was performed for articles related to cardiac stem cels and hypoxia inducing factor 1 alpha published from January 2000 to January 2015. The keywords were “cardiac stem cels, hypoxia inducible factor 1(HIF-1a), gene delivery” in Chinese and English, respectively, which appeared in the title and abstract. Finaly, 37 relevant articles were enroled in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Several studies have confirmed that hypoxia inducing factor 1 alpha can improve the survival rate of cardiac stem cels under anoxic conditions. Increasing evidences from animal experiments have shown that cardiac stem cels and hypoxia inducing factor 1 alpha exert protective and repairing effects on myocardial infarction. Currently, there is no successful report about hypoxia inducing factor 1 alpha gene transfection of cardiac stem cels, but relevant studies are proceeding. Gene modified cardiac stem cels are expected to be widely used in clinic.

Objective: To compare the effecte of removing plaque by two toothbrushing methods. Methods: Forty subjects were chosen to take part in the randomized、examiner-blind、crossover study. Results: Modified Bass method has better effect of removing plaque, especially that at the central margin than Vertical method(P