Effect of tetracaine on the lipid fluidity of synaptosomal membrane were studied by using 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfoacid (ANS) as a fluorescent probe and acetylcholinesterase (Ach E) activity. Ach E activity of rat brain synaptosmal membrane was slightly incresed at low concentration (

Objective To investigate the presentation and radiologic findings of MarchiafavaBignami disease (MBD).Methods Six cases of MBD who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed,including the imaging examination(such as cranial CT,magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)),laboratory tests,clinical symptoms and prognosis.Results Six cases of MBD disease were presented with swelled,thickened corpus callosum,iso-or hypo-intensity on T1WI,hyper-intensity on T2WI and fluid attenuated inversion recovery and restricted diffusion on diffusion weighted imaging.Coma of acute onset was the major clinical finding in case 1,case 4 and case 6,which showed the lesions in the entire corpus callosum and extended to the white matter,and the prognosis of these cases were worse.Slow reaction and memory decrease were the clinical findings in case 2 and case 3,which showed the genu and splenium of corpus callosum involvement on MRI and CT,and returned to normal with aggressive treatment.Numbness and weakness of the lower lambs were the major clinical finding in case 5,which showed that the lesion was limited in the splenium and body of corpus callosum on MRI.The patient recovered after treatment.Conclusions MBD may present with various clinical forms,but have characteristic imaging findings.Outset form and neuroimaging characteristics of MBD are critical for improvement of the clinical outcome.

AlM:To investigate the expression transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and heat shock protein 47 (HSP-47), in pterygium and normal conjunctiva tissues, in order to study the roles of these cytokines played in the pathogenesis in human pterygium.
METHODS:The expression difference of TGF-β1, HSP-47 between human pterygium and normal conjunctive tissues were compared by immuno - histochemistry technique.
RESULTS:The positive expression of TGF-β1, HSP-47 was stronger than in normal conjunctive tissues ( P <0. 05), the TGF-β1 expressed in all layers of pterygium, especially in the squamous epithelium, in the inflammation cells and vascular endothelial cells also expressed. The HSP-47 showed higher expressed in the lamina propria layer of pterygium, and weakly expressed in epithelial layer, no obvious expression in normal conjunctive tissues.
CONCLUSlON:Over-expression of TGF-β1 and HSP-47 in pterygium compared to the normal conjunctiva tissues may play a critical role during the occurrence, development and invasion of the pterygium.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of lamivudine in the treatment of HBV-related liver failure.Methods We collected the literature on lamivudine used to treat liver failure in randomized control trail or clinical control trial studies from January 1989 to July 2007.All these clinical trials were carried out by comparing lamivudine treatment with routine medical treatment for liver failure.The literature must concern about mortality,total bilirubin(TBIL)or prothrombin activity(PTA).Odds ratio(OR)was applied to evaluate the effect of glucocorticoid to improve case fatality.Weighted mean differences(WMD)was applied to evaluate the effect of lamivudine to improve TBIL and PTA.Results There were only 13 literatures obtained,among them all about mortality,and 10 about TBIL and PTA.Effective index was 0.29(95%CI:0.21,0.40),-0.88(95%CI:-1.27,-0.48)and 0.60(95%CI:0.42,0.78)respectively for the 3 indexes.Conclusion Combination with lamivudine is more effective in treatment liver failure than only routine medical treatment.

AIM:To observe the efficacy of intravitreal conbercept injection for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).METHODS: Nine eyes of 9 patients diagnosed as chronic CSC between October 2015 to May 2016 were treated with an intravitreal injection of conbercept (0.5mg/0.05mL) (six patients were given the same does of intravitreal injection again at 1mo after the first injection).Follow-up observation was at 1, 2, and 6mo after injection.Observed indicators included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure, optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), choroidal indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), macular fovea thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT).RESULTS:Seven of the 9 patients responded significantly to the drug, while 2 patients had no response.The CMT was 373.12±72.43μm at baseline, which decreased significantly to 332.05±67.13μm, 282.24±62.30μm and 225.56±71.08μm at 1, 2 and 6mo after the intravitreal injection.The mean thickness of SFCT was 422.11±64.82μm before treatment.The choroidal thickness of non-responsive patients before treatment was below average, respectively 353μm and 365μm.The SFCT of 1, 2, and 6mo after treatment was 391.45±75.24μm, 365.53±63.07μm, 355.40±66.65μm.Before treatment and 1mo after, there was no significant difference (P=0.074), but there was statistically significant (P<0.01) between those of before and 2mo and 6mo after.The mean BCVA of the prior treatment was 0.53±0.32, the after treatment was 0.65±0.20, there was no different between the two(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Intravitreal conbercept injection in chronic CSC may have some effect in accelerating subertinal fluid resolution and decreasing the CMT.The SFCT within 6mo after treatment was significantly lower than pretreatment.The SFCT may be an indicator of whether patients respond.

OBJECTIVETo explore the differences in the expression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes between normal nasopharyngeal tissue and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

METHODSReal-time quantitative PCR was used to examine the gene expression of 10 ABC transporters in both NPC and normal nasopharyngeal tissue.

RESULTSThe 10 drug resistance-associated ABC transporters were expressed at different levels in NPC. ABCA2 and ABCC3 genes were strongly expressed in both the NPC and normal nasopharyngeal tissues, and ABCC1, ABCC5 and ABCG2 gene expressions were significantly higher in NPC than in normal nasopharyngeal tissue, whereas the ABCB1, ABCC2, ABCC3, ABCC4, ABCC6 and ABCC11 genes were all expressed at low levels in both the carcinoma and normal tissues.

CONCLUSIONThe transporters with high expressions in both the cancer and normal samples are correlated to the naturally occurring multidrug resistance of NPC, and those with high expression only in NPC may play an important role in drug resistance to chemotherapeuatic agents. The agents targeting the ABC transporters that are lowly expressed in both the carcinoma and normal tissues might serve as sensitivitive chemotherapeutics against NPC.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family G, Member 2 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

AIM: To explore the effects of heat shock protein 47(HSP47)siRNA on biological behaviors of human Tenon capsule fibroblasts(HTCF)cells cultured in vitro and the expression level of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1).

METHODS: HTCF were cultured in vitro and divided into blank control group, empty vector group and transfection group. In transfection group, interfering siRNA sequences were designed and synthesized based on the HSP47 gene sequences, vectors were constructed and introduced into HTCF. The empty vector group was introduced with empty vectors. The expressions of HSP47 mRNA and protein in cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of cells were detected by clone formation assay, flow cytometry, Transwell method and scratch test. The expressions of proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration proteins, and TGF-β1 were detected by Western blot.

RESULTS: Compared with empty vector group, expression of HSP47 mRNA and protein, clone formation rate, cell healing rate, number of invasive cells, relative expression levels of Ki67, N-cadherin and TGF-β1 were significantly decreased in transfection group(P<0.05), relative expression level of E-cadherin protein was significantly increased(P<0.05), but there was no difference in apoptosis rate, and relative expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: HSP47 siRNA can reduce proliferation, invasion and migration abilities of HTCF cells by inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1 protein, without significant effects on the apoptosis of HTCF cells.

Purpose To investigate the location and distribution of EV71 receptors scavenger receptor class B member 2 ( SCARB2 ) and human P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) in lung tissues of fatal hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), healthy children and adults. Methods The expression of EV71 receptors SCARB2 and PSGL-1 was detected by using immunohistochemistry in lung tissues of 15 autopsies of HFMD, 3 of healthy children, 8 of healthy adults. Results SCARB2 distributed in bronchial, bronchioli ep-ithelia, alveolar epithelial cells and inflammatory cells among HFMD, healthy children and adults. No significant difference was noted of the positive rates of SCARB2 expression among these three groups (P>0. 05). PSGL-1 distributed in bronchial and bronchioli epi-thelium of adults, but no PSGL-1 expression was found in HFMD and healthy children. The positive rates of PSGL-1 were 100%, 0, 0 in bronchial and bronchioli epithelium among the three groups, respectively (P<0. 05). The positive rates of PSGL-1 were 100%, 66. 7%, 100% in inflammatory cells among HFMD, healthy children and adults, respectively. No significant difference was noted of PSGL-1 expression among the three groups (P>0. 05). Further, no PSGL-1 expression was observed in alveolar epithelia cells of all groups tested. Conclusions EV71 receptor SCARB2 distributes in bronchial, bronchioli, alveolar epithelial and inflammatory cells of HFMD. Meanwhile, PSGL-1 only distributes in inflammatory cells of HFMD, suggesting that SCARB2 possibly plays a role on HFMD infection.

Male infertility is a worldwide problem, and about 15% of the cases are associated with spermatogenesis-related gene mutation. The mammalian gene UBE2B is the homolog of the RAD6 gene of yeast, belonging to the ubiquitin proteasome system and playing an important role in spermatogenesis. Mice lacking the UBE2B gene are infertile, with reduced sperm motility, increased morphologically abnormal sperm, and inhibited meiosis of spermatogonia. Accumulated evidence shows that UBE2B gene mutants and single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with male infertility. This article reviews the relation between the UBE2B gene and male infertility, offering some theoretical evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility.
Animals ; Asthenozoospermia ; genetics ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Meiosis ; Mice ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Spermatogenesis ; genetics ; Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes ; genetics

Aim To explore antitumor mechanism of a recombinant vaccinia virus containing the human CEA-cDNA (rV-CEA). Methods C57/BL mice were immunized three times with rV-CEA. Six weeks later, the macrophages(MΦ s)and splenocytes from rV-CEA-immunized donors were transferred to CEA＋ -HePa tnmor-bearing recipients,Meanwhile, the antitumor effects of these donor's MΦ s and splenocytes and that of the recipient's splenocytes were detected in vitro. Results The MΦ s and splenocytes from rV-CEA-immunized donors possessed strong antitumor activity in CEA-positive tumor-bearing recipients. The in vitro antitumor effect of splenocytes from mice inoculated with MΦ s from rV-CEA-immunized donors were markedly stronger than those from W-VV-immunized donors. However,the in vitro antitumor effect of the MΦ s from rV-CEA-immunized donors was the same as those from W-VV-immunized donors. Conclusion It is demonstrated that antitumor activity induced with rV-CEA may be mediated mainly by antigen present cells (the MΦ s), which activated tumor-specific T cells to kill tumor cells.