Twelve community nursing managers were interviewed.The consensus was reached that there should be 4 main themes concerning evaluation indicators of community nursing quality:necessity,content,format and expectation.The interviewed nursing managers expressed their need for a system of community nursing quality evaluation,and those indicators should be comprehensive,concrete and practical.The format of evaluation should facilitate the development of nursing quality and the criteria should meet the requirements of Minister of Health and international standards.

Objective To explore the effect of health education on the blood glucose controlling target in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods 598 cases of patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into the control group (given conventional treat- ment and medication guide) and the intervention group (besides the above-mentioned treatment, also given diabetes health management program including the systemic health education and promotion, and with stress on behavioral, psychological, dietary intervention) and observed for 7 months. Results After 7 months intervention, there were differences in the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose and 2h postprandial blood glucose between two groups (P

Objective To investigate the main pathogenic factors of fetal distress and its complications and to reduce perinatal mortality. Methods Two hundred and ten records and pathological slides in autopsy due to fetal distress were reviewed. Results Cord problem was the first cause of fetal distress followed by placental and maternal factors. Most fetal distress were caused by multi-factors. Among 210 cases,meconium aspirative syndrome was found in 170 cases (81%),amniotic fluid aspiration 36 cases (17.1%) and hypoxic syndrome 4 cases (1.9%). There were 59 cases complicated with aspirative pneumonia including 48 cases of meconium aspirative pneumonia and 11 with amniotic fluid aspirative pneumonia. The main complications were hypoxia-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)(153 cases),diffused pulmonary hemorrhage(68 cases) and fatal malformations (27cases). Conclusion Fetal distress increases perinatal mortality when complicated with HIE,diffused pulmonary hemorrhage,pulmonary infection or fatal malformation

The growth-inhibiting and apoptosis-inducing effects of WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) gene on ovarian cancer cell line A2780 were investigated. The full length cDNA of human WWOX gene was amplified from normal human ovary tissues. The correct cDNA of full length WWOX was subcloned into eukaryocytic expression vector pCMV. After introduction of WWOX gene into cancer cells with liposome, the WWOX mRNA and protein level in the cancer cells were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoblotting. The growth activities of cancer cells were detected by Trypan blue staining. The clone formation assay in soft agar was employed to observe the proliferation of the cancer cells. Apoptosis was examined by DNA ladder and acridine orange-ethidium bromide fluorescent staining. The results showed that 72 h after WWOX gene transfection, the WWOX expression was increased significantly (P<0.01). The growth of ovarian cancer cells was decreased by 16.41% to 38.49% (P<0.01). The clone formation abilities were reduced (P<0.01). Some cancer cells presented the characteristic morphological changes of apoptosis with obvious ladder bands on electrophoresis. The apoptosis rate was (20.7+/-6.0)% (P<0.01). It was concluded that over-expression of WWOX gene could induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer cells, which might be potentially useful in the gene therapy of ovarian cancers.

Abstract Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a common severe complication during pregnancy, which is characterized by complex etiology, unclear pathogenesis and lack of effective tools for early diagnosis and prediction. Recently, the development of omics technology provides new insights into the research into HDP. Based on national and international publications from 2011 to 2022, this review summarizes the application of genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics in the pathogenesis and prediction of HDP, so as to provide insights into the prediction, prevention and precise treatment of HDP.

Objective To systematically compare the efficacy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) versus intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa).Methods Clinical comparative studies of IMRT and 3D-CRT in the treatment of PCa were collected from PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data after two independent researchers developed the strategy and inclusion and exclusion criteria for the literature search.Articles published up to February 2017 were searched for, and the languages of publications were restricted to English and Chinese.Clinical meta-analysis of the data from the relevant studies was performed using the RevMan5.3 software.Results A total of 15 relevant retrospective cohort studies were collected from the databases in strict accordance to the search strategy and inclusion and excluding criteria.There were 4608 PCa patients, including 2229 in the IMRT group and 2379 in the 3D-CRT group.IMRT and 3D-CRT had similar adverse effects in terms of early-stage (odds ratio[OR]=0.77, 95% confidence interval[CI]:0.43-1.40, P=0.390) and late-stage (OR=0.75, 95%CI:0.55-1.04, P=0.080) urinary tract injury.However, IMRT led to reduced early-stage (OR=0.47, 95%CI:0.27-0.82, P=0.008) and late-stage (OR=0.52, 95%CI:0.35-0.78, P=0.001) intestinal injury compared with 3D-CRT.Meanwhile, the biochemical recurrence-free survival rate was also significantly higher in the IMRT group than in the 3D-CRT group (OR=1.87, 95%CI:1.51-2.32, P=0.000).Conclusions IMRT is more protective against intestinal injury with a higher biochemical recurrence-free survival rate compared with 3D-CRT during the treatment of PCa.

Objective To observe the in vitro damage to hairs by Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ), and to compare the differences in the duration needed for the two fungi to damage hairs in different age groups. Methods We collected healthy hairs from different age groups, and performed hair perforation test in vitro. The damage to the hairs was observed by SEM and light microscopy. Results Both T. mentagrophytes and M. canis could damage the hairs. The duration needed for T. mentagrophytes to damage the hairs was significantly shorter than that for M. canis in all age groups ( P

Objective:The topographical mapping technique of cortical evoked potential was used to observe the changes of the functional activities in the primary somatosensory area of cortex (SI) during external stimulation,the immanent relation between external stimulation and topographical mapping of cortical somatosensory evoked potential (CSEP). Methods:33 healthy adult volunteers were under observation. Cerebral electric signal processing system was used to lead CSEP on the scalp. The external stimulation was applied as following:①A soft paintbrush was used to slightly brush the face only. ②Paintbrush was used to slightly brush the lower limb only. ③Paintbrush was used to slightly brush the trunk only. ④Paintbrush was used to slightly brush the lower limb or the trunk or the Gallbladder Meridian (GBM) and passing the upper arm by imitating the speed of meridian transmission phenomenon respectively. Results:①Evoking responses appeared in the foot areas in SI,without meridian transmission phenomenon when brushing the face,lower limb or trunk only. ②Healthy volunteers were offered imitation of sensation conduction along the GBM as well as brushing through the upper arm in addition,while,the results showed that the evoking responses appeared in the foot,the upper arm and the face representation area of SI simultaneously. Conclusion:The external stimulation along the meridian course was able to change the distribution of evoking responses in SI during stimulating acupoint. But the local stimulating on face,lower limb or trunk can not change the distribution of CSEP. The results provided experimental evidence for the supposition that 'activation in sequence in periphery'was the decisive factor for the formation of meridian transmission phenomenon.

An improvement of chemiluminescent system for determination of peroxynitrite anion (ONOO－) has been made. In this system, the effect of some antioxidants for scavenging ONOO－ was tested. The constitute of this system and the program of starting were followed as: The ozone (O3) was bubbled through a glass-frit into 10 ml 0.01 mol/L solution of sodium azide in CB(pH 10.5) to generate ONOO－. The 800 μl ozonized solution of azide was injected into a glass tude in situ which contains 100 μl sample and 100 μl luminol solutions to initiate chemiluminescence (CL). The pluses / 6 seconds (CP6S) were determined immediately and continually for 10～30 times. A certain CL intensity (CP6S) was chosen as evaluation index to compare the activity of antioxidants. This chemiluminescent system is sensible, simple and stable. The determination limit was 8.74 μmol/L ONOO－. The linear rang was 8.74～74.04 μmol/L ONOO－. The intra batch and inter batch variation coefficient (CV%) of the analysis were 3.35%(n=10) and 5.52%(n=10) respectively. It was tested that Vit.C, teapolyphenol, procyanidin and thiourea all have effects on scavenging ONOO－.

Objective To evaluate clinical application of phage amplified biologically assay (PhaB) in susceptibility test of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in sputum. Methods The drug susceptibility of MTB was detected by PhaB in 143 patients with sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB),and the chemotherapy regimens were adjusted according to the results of susceptibility test.Independent samples t-tests were used for comparison of means.Count numbers were compared with Chisquare test.If there were count number of 0,Fisher probabilities should be used.ResultsThe total positive rate of PhaB was 94.4％ (135/143) with no differences between three types of PTB (x2 =1.886,P ＞ 0.05 ).The duration of testing for PhaB group was (6.6 ± 1.8) days,while for control was (29.4 ±8.7) days (t =29.01,P ＜ 0.01 ).Compared with control group,the 2-month negative-conversion rate (63.2％ vs.35.1％,x2 =3.989,P ＜ 0.05 ) and cure rate ( 100％ vs.78.4％,P ＜ 0.05 ) of PhaB group in type Ⅱ patients were significantly higher.But there were no differences between PhaB and control groups in type Ⅰ and Ⅲ PTB patients.ConclusionThe results of PhaB drug susceptibility test can be helpful for choosing effective chemotherapy regimen for PTB patients rapidly.