Objective To summary the experience of management for orthotopic homologous heart transplantation,heart-lung co-transplantation and to discuss the postoperative treatment of short-term complications.Methods Orthotopic homologous heart transplantation and heart-lung co- transplantation on 9 cases were performed from May 2004 to February 2006.The patients were traced closely and all complications were treated in time.Results During hospital stay,hypertension oc- curred in one case,right heart insufficiency in one case,infection of mycetes and cytomegalovirus in 2 cases after the heart transplantation,and in the patient undergoing heart-lung co-transplantation,renal inadequacy,bronchial anastomosis stenosis and fungus infection occurred.All patients obtained symp- tomatic relief before discharge.Conclusion Proper perioperative management,immunosuppressive therapy and management of postoperative complications could reduce mortality and obtain satisfactory therapeutic effect in the near future.

Objective To investigate immunophenotypic characteristics of uterine natural killer (uNK)cells and helper T cell 1/helper T cell 2(Th1/Th2)immunity in third trimester decidua in preeclampsia.Methods The proportions of uNK cell subsets,expression of CD_(69)and CD_(94)on uNK cells and Th1/Th2 immunity in decidua were determined in 20 cases of preeclampsia patients and 11 cases of normal term pregnancies by flow cytometric analysis.Results The percentage of CD_(56)~(bright)CD_(16)~-uNK cell subset in preeclampsia patients and the controls was(17.3?11.1)% vs(17.9?16.8)%,that of CD_(56)~(dim) CD_(16)~+uNK cell subset was(16.3?8.7)% vs(16.2?8.8)%;that of CD_(56)~+CD_(69)~+uNK cells was(37.9 ?18.9)% vs(36.8?19.7)%,that of CD_(56)~+CD_(94)~+uNK cells was(34.9?15.2)% vs(32.7?16.2)% and the ratio of CD_(56)~+CD_(69)~+/CD_(56)~+CD_(94)~+was 1.1?0.2,1.2?0.6.No statistical difference was shown in the above values between the preeclampsia patients and controls.The percentage of cytoto xic T cell(Tc)2 cells was significantly lower in the decidua of preeclampsia patients [(3.0?1.0)% vs(4.3?0.9)%,P= 0.001 ],and the ratio of Tc1/Tc2 in preeclampsia patients was significantly higher than that of normal term pregnancies(17.8?3.4 vs 11.8?4.6;P=0.001);the ratio of Th1/Th2 was increased(15.1?2.4 vs 13.2?3.1;P=0.06).Conclusions The immunophenotypie characteristics of uNK cells do not present any significant change in preeclampsia patients.Owing to Tc2 cell decrease,the Th1/Th2 immunity shifts to Th1 type immunity in the decidua,which might contribute to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.

Objective To determine the effects of~(99)Tc-MDP on joint inflammation and bone destruc- tion in collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rats model and its effect on tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-?). Methods CIA was induced by immunization of male SD rats with an emulsion of collagen.~(99)Tc-MDP or placebo was intravenous infused to rats for 20 days.Joint inflammation was assessed by arthritis index.Lesions of bone were assessed based on the histological changes in ankle joints,radiographic analysis in hind paw with Larsen score.Systemic TNF-?level was measured by radioimmune assay.Results~(99)Tc-MDP suppressed joint swelling(P

OBJECTIVETo purify caffeic acid tetramer (CAT) with macroporous resin on the basis of its fundamental physicochemical stability research.

METHODThe changes of CAT content were compared by HPLC method before and after the purification process, or while other conditions were altered.

RESULTLK001 was the best one among 7 kinds of macroporous resin in regard of purifying ability. The optimum absorbing technology was the solution concentration at 10 g x L(-1), pH at 4.5, and the flow rate at 3 BV x h(-1). The best eluting technology was 45% ethanol as eluting agent, pH at 5.0, eluting volume at 50 mL after applying super-purified water and 20% ethanol. The yield of product was 3. 6 percent, and the active compound CAT was 58 percent in the product.

CONCLUSIONMacroporous resin LK001 is effective in enriching CAT from the crude extracts, thus this method of purification is advisable.

Absorption ; Boraginaceae ; chemistry ; Caffeic Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Light ; Oxygen ; chemistry ; Porosity ; Resins, Plant ; chemistry ; Temperature ; Water ; chemistry

AIM:To remark the effect of Qingguang'an Ⅱ on expression of PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2 mRNA of rats with chronic high intraocular pressure.METHODS:Totally 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, that was:A:blank group, B:model group, C:Qingguang'an Ⅱ low dose group, D:Qingguang'an Ⅱ moderate dose group, E:Qingguang'an Ⅱ high dose group, F:Yimaikang disket group.B, C, D, E, F groups of experimental rats were established the model of chronic high intraocular pressure (IOP) by cauterizing of superficial scleral vein.Animal model was established successfully by using monitoring IOP consistently keep above 25mmHg for 8wk as cut-off criterion.Tissues of Eyes were obtained after intragastric administration for 2wk and 4wk.The expressions of PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2 mRNA were investigated by Real-time PCR.RESULTS:At the time-point of 2wk, PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2 mRNA in group B were statistically expressed in lower level comparing with other groups (P<0.05).Moreover, at the time-point of 4wk, PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2 mRNA in group C, D and E were statistically expressed in higher level comparing with group F (P<0.05).Besides, PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2 mRNA in group C and D were statistically expressed in lower level comparing with group E (P<0.05).PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2 mRNA in group C and D were expressed in similar level(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:In summar, Qingguang'an Ⅱ and Yimaikang disket can remarkably increase the expressions of PAX6, Ngn1, and Ngn2, which suggest protecting the optic nerve of rats caused by chronic high IOP.What's more, this study indicated that, in the protection of optic nerve of rats with chronic high IOP, the high dose of Qingguang'an Ⅱ at the time-point of 4wk was the better choice.

Objective To evaluate the effects of the strategy of transmission interruption of schistosomiasis in Runzhou Dis-trict,Zhenjiang City,Jiangsu Province.Methods The comprehensive prevention and control strategy was carried out in Run-zhouDistrict,Zhenjiang City,Jiangsu Province.The strategy was relied mainly on the Oncomelania hupensis snail control,ex-tended chemotherapy of schistosomiasis in residents and the health education.The infection rate of schistosomiasis in residents,area with snails,area with snails controlled,and the rates of awareness and correct behavior of schistosomiasis were as evalua-tion indexes.Results The area with snails controlled was 7 091.50 hm2in Runzhou District,Zhenjiang City from 2001 to 2016.The area with snails reduced year by year from 2001 to 2016.There was a negative correlation between the coverage intensity of snail control and the area with snails(r=-0.874,P=0).There were 1 703 serum positive and 199 fecal positive people of schis-tosomiasis in the permanent residents from 2001 to 2016.These serum and fecal positive people of schistosomiasis were all treat-ed with praziquantel.The serum positive rate of schistosomiasis in the permanent residents dropped to below 1.0％after 2005.The fecal positive patients were not found in 2004 and later.Totally 189 639 people received the questionnaire survey for the knowledge of schistosomiasis control from 2001 to 2016.The rates of awareness and correct behavior of schistosomiasis were raised in the residents year by year.The goal of the transmission interruption of schistosomiasis came to true in Runzhou Dis-trict,Zhenjiang City in 2016.Conclusion The comprehensive prevention and control strategy including mainly the snail con-trol,extended chemotherapy of schistosomiasis and health education could achieve the goal of transmission interruption of schis-tosomiasis in the areas of marshland along the Yangtze River.

Drug delivery system (DDS) is a novel approach to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) in tumors nowadays. This work was designed to investigate a new micellar delivery system for in vitro reversal of resistant ovarian tumor cells, based on a nonionic triblock copolymer Pluronic P105 and paclitaxel (PTX). The PTX-loaded polymeric micelles (P105/PTX) were prepared by thin film-hydration methods. Based on the results of single factor experiments, the P105/PTX micelle formulation was optimized by employing the central composite design-response surface methodology. The physico-chemical properties of the P105/PTX micelles were characterized, including micelle size, drug loading coefficient, in vitro release behavior, etc. The cytotoxicity of the P105/PTX micelles was assessed against human ovarian tumor cell line, SKOV-3/PTX, by a standard 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl (MTT) assay. In order to understand the possible mechanism of Pluronic effects in resistant tumor cells, cellular uptake study of micellar PTX or Rhodamine-123 (R-123) was also carried out. The results showed that the micelle size was about 24 nm with drug loading coefficient of 1.1% and PTX concentration of 700 microg x mL(-1). The cumulative release amount of PTX from the P105/PTX micelles was only 45.4% in 6 h (P < 0.05) and 79.6% in 24 h, whereas Taxol injection in 6 h released 95.2% PTX. The IC50 values of the P105/PTX micelles and Taxol injection against SKOV-3/PTX were 1.14 and 5.11 microg x mL(-1), and resistance reversion index (RRI) was 9.65 and 2.15, respectively. The micellar PTX or R-123 exhibited a significant increase in cellular uptake in resistant SKOV-3/PTX cells compared with free PTX or R-123. These results indicated that PTX could effectively be solubilized by Pluronic P105 block copolymers via thin film-hydration process and formulation optimization, producing nano-scale polymeric micelles with sustained release property in vitro. The P105/PTX micelles were effectively able to reverse resistance to PTX in SKOV-3/PTX tumor cells compared with Taxol injection or free PTX solution, and the enhanced cytotoxicity in the resistant SKOV-3/PTX cell was related to the improved cellular uptake of PTX by Pluronic P105 copolymers.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Excipients ; chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Micelles ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Particle Size ; Poloxamer ; chemistry

Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides ( DNA or RNA ) selected through a technology termed "Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment" ( SELEX ) . In addition to high affinity and high specificity for their target molecules, aptamers have some advantages such as low molecular weight, easy synthesis, high chemical stability, low immunogenicity, and convenient modification. Based on the Cell-SELEX technique, a panel of aptamers which can specifically recognize target cell lines has been generated. By targeting specific membrane proteins in their native state, these aptamers can identify subtle molecular differences among different cell lines, thus have attracted a broad interest in biomedical research. In this review, we summarized the development of aptamers and their use in detection, profiling and imaging of tumor cells. Also, their perspectives were discussed.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the pre-conceptive factors on birth ponderal index (PI).

METHODSFourteen towns were selected randomly from the 37 towns of Liuyang county, Hunan province, through cluster sampling in a prospective cohort study. Information was collected on all the women registered at the Maternity and Child Care Departments, and were planning to give birth in the coming year plus willing to receive a blood test and then followed-up until delivery. Single factor analysis would involve chi-square test and correlation analysis, while the multiple-factor analysis would adopt binary logistic regression method.

RESULTSA total of 1368 women were recruited in the cohort and 611 of them had a delivery of one child. Means of birth weight, birth length, and birth PI were (3.26 ± 0.43) kg, (50 ± 0.46) cm and 26.08 ± 3.43, respectively. Data from the multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that income (OR = 6.920, 95%CI: 1.089 - 43.974) and cortisone levels (OR = 5.121, 95%CI: 0.886 - 29.611) were related to low PI, while LDL-C (OR = 3.736, 95%CI: 0.848 - 16.461), waistline (OR = 6.846, 95%CI: 1.441 - 32.532), education (OR = 0.169, 95%CI: 0.029 - 0.995), and insulin (OR = 0.141, 95%CI: 0.016 - 1.277) were related to high PI.

CONCLUSIONBirth PI was associated with income, waistline, education, insulin, cortisone, and LDL-C. Before conception, women should go through necessary tests and keep a good physical condition to reduce their neonates of having abnormal PI.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Birth Weight ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Logistic Models ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies

AIMTo identify specifically expressed genes in the adult and fetal testes.

METHODSA human testis cDNA microarray was established. Then the mRNA of adult and fetal testis was purified and probes were prepared by a reverse transcription reaction with the testis mRNA as template. The microarray was hybridized with probes of adult and fetal testes. The nucleic sequences of differentially expressed genes were determined and homologies were searched in the databases of the GenBank.

RESULTSWhen hybridized with adult or fetal testis probes, the positive clones were 96.8 % and 95.4 %, respectively. Among these genes, one was a new testis-specific gene, which was named TSP1. TSP1 was highly expressed in human adult testis. The cDNA of TSP1 was 1,484 bp in length. The cDNA sequence of this clone was deposited in the Genbank (AF333098). TSP1 was also determined as Interim Gen Symbol (Unigene, No. Hs.98266). Protein analysis showed that TSP1 contained two functional domains: an N-terminal basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and a C-terminal leucine zipper (Zip). Homologous analysis showed that the 430 amino acid sequences deduced from the 1293 bp open reading frame (ORF) had a homology with the human gene FLJ2509 (AK098575). TSP1 had also a sequence homology with Spz 1 protein of mouse. Expression profiles showed that TSP1 was specifically and strongly expressed in the testis.

CONCLUSIONTSP1 is a gene highly expressed in adult testis. It may play an important role in spermatogenesis in the humans.

Adult ; Amino Acid Sequence ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; genetics ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; Fetus ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Genes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Testis ; embryology ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism