The bat (Chiroptera) is the only mammal that is able to fly as birds do and forms a peculiar taxonomic group in that the diploid number of chromosomes seldom are of the same number in the same genus and the different species in contrast to the other eutherian mammals. At the present time, many karyological problems remain unsolved in Korean bats. It is easy enough to imagine that many interesting things have happened in the chromosomes of the Korean bats as well. The present study was designed in order to get karyotypic data on living species of Korean bats (Vespertilio superans THOMAS and Miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus (HODGSON). The diploid number of chromosomes of the Vespertilio superans was 38. The autosomes consisted of 6 pairs of the large metacentric, a pair of the small submetacentric and 11 pairs of tile small acrocentric chromosomes. The X chromosome was medium sized and metacentric in type and the Y was a small acrocentric type. The fundamental number was 50. The diploid number of chrmosomes of the Miniopterus schreibersii fuliginosus was 46. The autosomes consisted of 8 pairs of the metacentric type including a pair of minute metacentric chromosomes. and 18 pairs of the small acrocentric type chromosomes. The X chromosome was medium-sized and submetacentric, and the Y was a small acrocentric chromosome. The fundamental number was 52.
Animal ; Chiroptera/anatomy & histology* ; Chromosomes/ultrastructure* ; Female ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Sex Chromosomes/ultrastructure

Humans ; Male ; Metaphase/physiology* ; Sex Chromosomes/ultrastructure* ; Spermatocytes/ultrastructure* ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis/ultrastructure*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the etiologic factors of globozoospermia.

METHODSRoutine semen analysis, sperm DNA special staining and chromosomal karyotype detection of peripherical blood lymphocytes were performed in a globozoospermia patient.

RESULTSRound-headed spermatozoa were lack of acrosome and the acrosin activity was low. Meanwhile, there was an additional band located in the Y chromosomal short arm.

CONCLUSIONLack of acrosome, low acrosin activity and abnormality of chromosome may be the main reasons for globozoospermia.

Acrosin ; metabolism ; Adult ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; etiology ; genetics ; therapy ; Male ; Sex Chromosome Aberrations ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Spermatozoa ; abnormalities ; ultrastructure

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pathogenesis of male sterility in 48,XXYY syndrome patient.

METHODSThe peripheral lymphocyte was detected by dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization. The bioptic testicular tissues were pathologically sectioned and ultra-thin sections were examined by electron-microscopy.

RESULTSThe pathological findings revealed extremely severe dysgenesis of the badly damaged testicular tissue. Only a few convoluted seminiferous tubules were found, in which no spermatogenic cell or sperm of any range could be viewed. The ultrastructural observations showed the thickened interstitial vascular walls of the testicular tissue and severe hyperplasia of the collagen fibers in the basilemma and lumens of the blood vessels.

CONCLUSIONThe structure of the testicle in the 48,XXYY syndrome patient has severe fibrous hyperplasia, leading to the non-specific thickening of the barrier and serious damage to the blood-testis barrier, which in turn produce significant disturbance and pathological changes in the process of the spermatogenic cell formation. The whole interrelated loops account mainly for the male sterility.

Adult ; Chromosomes, Human, X ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; pathology ; Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Sex Chromosome Aberrations ; Testis ; metabolism ; pathology ; ultrastructure

The purpose of this study was to estimate predictive markers of intrinsic radiosensitivity in individuals who were exposed to occupational or environmental radiation. Throughout this process, the actual biohazard risks and base-line chromosome damage were evaluated in human population. Further studies were carried out to provide evidence for the existence of individual variations in age-dependent responses through micronuclei (MN) assay.Spontaneous frequencies not only vary greatly between individuals, but also working or living areas. It was shown that the increased level of spontaneous cell with MN was observed with increasing age. The relationship between radiosensitivity and the increased spontaneous level of MN may be in an inverse proportion. Ionizing radiation may be targeted mutagenic effects at the usual exposures of background levels that populations were exposed. Age and gender are the most important demographic variables in determining the MN index with frequencies in females, which were greater than those in males. The main life-style factors influencing the MN index in subjects were correlated significantly and positively with smoke. The results showed that an indicator of the genetic damaged rate in MN index in human populations significantly correlated with age, sex and life-style factors. So far, it is evident that with regard to the application of MN assay all future studies have to take into account the influence of age, gender, and life-style.In Conclusion, using micronuclei assay technique a large population can be easily monitored. This study illustrated that the MN assay may provide a high potential to ensure appropriate quality control and standard documentation protocol that can be used to monitor a large population exposed to radiation epidemiologically.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Background Radiation/*adverse effects ; Chromosomes, Human/radiation effects ; Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Style ; Lymphocytes/*radiation effects/ultrastructure ; Male ; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/*radiation effects ; *Micronucleus Tests ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure/*adverse effects ; Radiation Tolerance/*physiology ; Sex Factors