Malignant lymphomas arising in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) account for a significant proportion of extranodal lymphomas. Included among this group of tumors are lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract, salivary gland, lung and thyroid. But their conjunctival involvements are rare, less than 1.5% of all conjunctival tumors. The authors examined the 51-year-old man who showed the primary conjunctival malignant lymphoma of MALT. It involved the inferior fornix and medial canthal area in his left eye without systemic involvement. We confirmed it by immunohistochemical studies of biopsied tissue, also including computed tomography, sonography, thyroid and bone scan. The patient was successfully treated with radiotherapy. We report this case with a recent review of the ophthalmic literature.
Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymphoma* ; Middle Aged ; Radiotherapy ; Salivary Glands ; Thyroid Gland

From September 8-28 1998, 55 cases of shigellosis, characterized by watery diarrhea, high fever, abdominal cramps and headache were reported at K elementary school in Wonju City. The isolated serotype was Shigella sonnei (group D). We collected bacteriologic specimens from high-risk populations, disinfected epidemic areas, and monitored all the medical facilities in Wonju City. Through these efforts, we found 168 cases of shigellosis, and of these, 117 were culture-confirmed and 51 were diagnosed by symptoms. The incidence rate per 10,000 population in Wonju City was 1.00 in males and 1.19 in females. The secondary attack rate was 13.6%. The mode of transmission at K elementary school was most often caused by the common epidemic source of single exposure. The source of infection was believed to be the foods distributed on September 7. However, epidemiologic evidence suggested that the sources of infection were scattered over many places within the city. The reasons included: i) shigellosis is an endemic disease in Korea; ii) there were shigellosis-like patients at J primary school in Wonju City in late August; and iii) there was a shigellosis outbreak at Chongil Myun, Hoeng Seong Gun, which was located near Wonju City, in early August.
Colic ; Diarrhea ; Dysentery, Bacillary* ; Endemic Diseases ; Female ; Fever ; Gangwon-do* ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Shigella sonnei

OBJECTIVES: We attempted to assess the accuracy of ICD codes for cerebrovascular diseases in medical insurance claims (ICMIC) and to investigate the reasons for error. This study was designed as a preliminary study to establish a nationwide surveillance system. METHODS: A total of 626 patients with medical insurance claims who indicated a diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases during the period from 1993 to 1997 was selected from the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation cohort (KMIC cohort: 115,600 persons). The KMIC cohort was 10% of those insured who had taken health examinations in 1990 and 1992 consecutively. The registered medical record administrators were trained in the survey technique and gathered data from March to May 1999. The definition of cerebrovascular diseases in this study included cases which met one of two criteria (Minnesota, WHO) or 'definite stroke' in CT/MRI finding. We questioned the medical record administrators to explain the error if the final diagnoses were not coded as stroke. RESULTS: The accuracy rate of the ICMIC was 83.0% (425 cases). Medical records were not available for 8.2% (51 cases) due to the closing of hospitals, the absence of a computer system or omission of medical record, etc. Sixty-three cases (10.0%) were classified as impossible to interpret due to insufficient records in 'major clinical symptoms' or 'neurological deficits'. The most common reason was 'to meet review criteria of medical insurance benefits (52.9%)'. The department where errors in the ICMIC occurred most frequently was the department for medical insurance claims in the hospital. CONCLUSION: The accuracy rate of the ICMIC was 83.0%.
Cohort Studies ; Computer Systems ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Insurance Benefits ; Insurance* ; International Classification of Diseases* ; Korea ; Medical Record Administrators ; Medical Records ; Stroke

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited cardiac disease characterized by a prolonged heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval. We investigated the genetic causes in patients with prolonged QTc intervals who were negative for pathogenic variants in three major LQTS-related genes (KCNQ1, KCNH2, and SCN5A). Molecular genetic testing was performed using a panel including 13 LQTS-related genes and 67 additional genes implicated in other cardiac diseases. Overall, putative genetic causes of prolonged QTc interval were identified in three of the 30 patients (10%). Among the LQTS-related genes, we detected a previously reported pathogenic variant, CACNA1C c.1552C>T, responsible for cardiac-only Timothy syndrome. Among the genes related to other cardiac diseases, a likely pathogenic variant, RYR2 c.11995A>G, was identified in a patient with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Another patient who developed dilated cardiomyopathy with prolonged QTc interval was found to carry a likely pathogenic variant, TAZ c.718G>A, associated with infantile dilated cardiomyopathy. Comprehensive screening of genetic variants using multigene panel sequencing enables detection of genetic variants with a possible involvement in QTc interval prolongation, thus uncovering unknown molecular mechanisms underlying LQTS.
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; Heart ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Long QT Syndrome ; Mass Screening ; Molecular Biology ; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel ; Tachycardia, Ventricular