Everyone frequently dreams of "losing ones' tooth". According to folk tradition, this tooth-loss dream has been regarded as bad dream which foretells the death of the dreamer's important relatives, and this is not different between oriental and occidental cultures. Freud related this dream to guilt about masturbation and fear of anxiety in the context of the Oedipus complex. However, there appears to be no difference between the frequency of this type of dream between males and females, as shown by reports from male and female internet portal users as well as previous reports in the literature. Considering other psychoanalytic interpretations, and the meaning of tooth in the folklore literature, or rituals about handling the lost tooth in the world-wide tradition, the tooth-loss dream seems to reflect a universal and archetypal anxiety over losing something important. At the most fundamental level, the tooth-losing may contain the most and first important losing or separating event, that is, separation from the mother's body. The loss of important body parts (castration) or body functions, or other personal losses, may be attached to the same line of memory and emotion. So, the full meaning of the tooth-loss dream can be uncovered by considering both the archetypal and personal layer of dreamers' experiences.
Anxiety ; Ceremonial Behavior ; Collodion ; Dreams ; Female ; Folklore ; Guilt ; Handling (Psychology) ; Human Body ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Masturbation ; Memory ; Oedipus Complex ; Psychoanalytic Interpretation ; Tooth

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences of personality trait between two social phobic subgroups. METHODS: MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) data were selected from 81 patients diagnosed as social phobia, and 13 MMPI basic scales and 11 personality disorder sub-scales between the two subgroups were compared. RESULTS: Generalized group showed significantly higher scores in D (Depression), Pt (Psychasthenia) and Si (Social introversion) basic scales, and DEP (Dependant), AVD (Avoidant), and SZD (Schizoid) personality disorder sub-scales than non-generalized group. Non-generalized group showed significantly higher scores in Ma (hypomanic) basic scale, and HST (Histrionic), NAR (Narcissistic), BDL (Borderline), ANT (Antisocial) personality disorder sub-scales than generalized group in MMPI. CONCLUSION: Although there were few differences in the basic MMPI profile patterns between the two social phobic subgroups, there were differences in the personality traits.
Ants ; Humans ; MMPI ; Personality Disorders ; Phobic Disorders ; Weights and Measures

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to test the construct validity of the Type D personality scale (DS14). METHODS: The DS14 and other personality scales, which have good construct validity (MMPI-2), TCI-RS, MBTI, NEO-PI-R) were administered to 151 college students. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to evaluate the validity of the DS14. RESULTS: There were significant positive correlations between the DS14 total score and scores on the F, D, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si and 'negative emotionality' scales (MMPI-2), the 'harm avoidance' scale (TCI), the 'neuroticism' scale (NEO-PI-R), and the 'introversion' scale (MBIT). Additionally, there were significant negative correlations between the DS14 total score and extroversion, agreeableness, openness to experience, cooperativeness, and reward dependence scales. Stepwise regression analysis also showed coherent RESULTS: negative emotionality, introversion, RCd and RC2 (MMPI-2), harm avoidance (TCI), neuroticism (NEO-PI-R), introversion, thinking (MBIT) scales were selected as significant explanatory variables. CONCLUSION: Individuals with a Type-D personality, as assessed by the DS14, seem to have a tendency to experience negative emotions such as depression and anxiety. As a construct, Type-D personality also seems to be closely related to neuroticism and introversion. These results indicate that the DS14 has sound construct validity as a screening tool for measuring stress-vulnerability traits, that is to say, type-D personality.
Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders ; Depression ; Extraversion (Psychology) ; Humans ; Introversion (Psychology) ; Mass Screening ; Reward ; Thinking ; Weights and Measures