No Abstract Available.
Adult* ; Capsulorhexis* ; Cataract* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans

PURPOSE: Renal infarction is one of the uncommon causes of acute abdominal pain, and it is often difficult to make a clinical diagnosis. This study was designed to investigate clinical predictors of the acute renal infarction and to suggest useful diagnostic tools to use in the emergency department(ED). METHODS: We reviewed medical records of the patients with a final diagnosis of acute renal infarction, which was confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan or angiography of the abdomen between Jan. 1998 and Dec. 2000. RESULTS: Among 24 patients with acute nontraumatic renal infarction, 17 patients (71.0%) had a thromboembolic disease. A number of patients presented with nonspecific abdominal pain. 23 patients (95.8%) had elevated serum LDH after 24 hours of presention. On initial urinalysis, 75.0% of patients (18/24) showed hematuria. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the patients with pain in the flank or the abdomen or the low back area should be performed a contrast-enhanced CT scan as soon as possible to rule out the possibility of acute renal infaction, especially when the patient has the high-risk triad of thromboembolism, elevated serum LDH, and hematuria.
Abdomen ; Abdominal Pain ; Angiography ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Medical Records ; Thromboembolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urinalysis

Carcinosarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm consisting of both epithelial and nonepithelial components, that is, carcinoma and sarcoma in the same tumor. Since Queckenstedt reported the case of carcinosarcoma of the stomach in 1904, only 30 cases have been reported. We present a case of carcinosarcoma and adenocarcinoma of the stomach in 63-year-old man with the review of the literature.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Carcinosarcoma* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma ; Stomach*

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that leads to a progressive muscle wasting and paralysis. The pathological phenotypes are featured by severe motor neuron death and glial activation in the lumbar spinal cord. Proposed ALS pathogenic mechanisms include glutamate cytotoxicity, inflammatory pathway, oxidative stress, and protein aggregation. However, the exact mechanisms of ALS pathogenesis are not fully understood yet. Recently, a growing body of evidence provides a novel insight on the importance of glial cells in relation to the motor neuronal damage via the non-cell autonomous pathway. Accordingly, the aim of the current paper is to overview the role of astrocytes and microglia in the pathogenesis of ALS and to better understand the disease mechanism of ALS.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ; Astrocytes* ; Glutamic Acid ; Microglia* ; Motor Neurons ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Neuroglia ; Oxidative Stress ; Paralysis ; Phenotype ; Spinal Cord

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the polymerization shrinkage stress among conventional methacrylate-based composite resins and a silorane-based composite resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The strain gauge method was used for the determination of polymerization shrinkage strain. Specimens were divided by 3 groups according to various composite materials. Filtek Z-250 (3M ESPE) and Filtek P-60 (3M ESPE) were used as a conventional methacrylate-based composites and Filtek P-90 (3M ESPE) was used as a silorane-based composites. Measurements were recorded at each 1 second for the total of 800 seconds including the periods of light application. The results of polymerization shrinkage stress were statistically analyzed using One way ANOVA and Tukey test (p = 0.05). RESULTS: The polymerization shrinkage stress of a silorane-based composite resin was lower than those of conventional methacrylate-based composite resins (p < 0.05). The shrinkage stress between methacrylate-based composite resin groups did not show significant difference (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitation of this study, silorane-based composites showed lower polymerization shrinkage stress than methacrylate-based composites. We need to investigate more into polymerization shrinkage stress with regard to elastic modulus of silorane-based composites for the precise result.
Composite Resins ; Elastic Modulus ; Light ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; Sprains and Strains

No abstract available.
Plasma* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Background: Perioperative anaphylaxis is a life-threatening clinical condition characterized by severe respiratory and cardiovascular manifestations. Neuromuscular blocking agents are the most common cause of anaphylaxis during anesthesia. Case: We report a case of rocuronium-induced anaphylaxis treated with sugammadex. A 75–year-old woman was scheduled to undergo spinal surgery. She had no history of allergies. After the injection of rocuronium, she developed hypotension and tachycardia, and skin rashes and urticaria appeared. The patient received sugammadex to delay the operation, and her vital signs were stabilized. On the 76th postoperative day, we performed intradermal tests for rocuronium, propofol, and cefazolin. Diluted rocuronium alone induced 14 mm of flare and 8 mm of wheal within 5 min, both of which disappeared within 15 min after the intradermal injection. Conclusions Sugammadex is a useful rocuronium antagonist that can be used to treat rocuronium-induced anaphylaxis.

PURPOSE: Fournier's disease is polymicrobial necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal, perianal, or genital areas. The objective of this study was to investigate patients with Fournier's gangrene and to determine risk factors that affect mortality. METHODS: This study was a retrospective clinical study. Clinical presentations and outcomes of surgical treatments were evaluated in 27 patients with Fournier's gangrene that were treated in a single institution from January 2000 to March 2009. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 52.8+/-14.4 yr, and the male-to-female ratio was 25:2. Among the predisposing factors, diabetes mellitus was the most common (n=8, 29.6%). The most common infection source was anorectal (n=16, 59.3%). Sepsis on admission was detected in 16 cases (59.3%). Four patients died during treatment, for an overall mortality of 14.8%. A logistic regression test showed a Fournier's gangrene severity index greater than 9 and sepsis on admission to be prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: The mortality rate was higher in patients with sepsis on admission and with a Fournier's gangrene severity index greater than nine.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Fasciitis, Necrotizing ; Fournier Gangrene ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis

PURPOSE: Many kinds of malignant tissues, including colorectal cancer were reported to overexpress transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) gene. However, little work has been done on the circulating TGF-beta1 and the association of TGF-beta1 with progression in patients with malignant tumors. In this study, we measured the plasma level of TGF-beta1 in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure plasma TGF-beta1 level in 52 colorectal cancer patients and 290 normal controls. And carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a tumor marker was compared with TGF-beta1 in the aspects of sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: The mean plasma TGF-beta1 levels were 1.219 +/- 0.834 (0.272~5.772) ng/mL in normal control and 8.207 +/- 2.428 (1.392~39.241) ng/mL in colorectal cancer. In comparison with CEA, TGF-beta1 is more potent in cancer diagnostic sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the plasma TGF-beta1 level can be a useful tumor marker in colorectal cancer patients.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Plasma* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1*

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the availability of classification of lacunar syndrome and of diffusion weighted MRI as initial diagnostic tools for patients with lacunar syndrome. METHODS: From January 1 to October 31, 2001, we prospectively studied patients presenting with lacunar syndrome. All patients were scanned using diffusion-weighted MRI and were then classified into categories based on the diagnosis pure motor stroke and ataxic hemiparesis, sensory motor stroke, pure sensory stroke, dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome, and others. RESULTS: The total number of patents was 72 ; 60 cases of lacunar infarcts and 12 cases of lacunar hemorrhage. There were 42 cases of pure motor stroke and ataxic hemiparesis, 17 cases of sensory motor stroke, 8 cases of dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome, 3 cases of pure sensory stroke, 2 cases of others. Lacunar syndrome can be caused by lesions in a variety of locations, and specific location can cause a variety of lacunar syndromes. With diffusion-weighted MRI, lacunar syndromes were visible in 91.7% of the patients (66/72) and lacunar infarcts were visible in 90% (54/60). The mean size of the lacunar infarcts was 11.90+/-5.04 mm and the mean volume of lacunar hemorrhages was 4.70+/-2.08 ml. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the classification of lacunar syndrome was of little benefit in the diagnosis and treatment of a lacunar infarct. Diffusion-weighted MRI, however, was a good initial diagnostic tool in cases of lacunar infarcts. An additional study of the availability of diffusion weighted MRI for use in cases of hemorrhagic lesions is needed.
Classification* ; Diagnosis ; Diffusion ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Hand ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Paresis ; Prospective Studies ; Stroke ; Stroke, Lacunar*