1.Vardenafil Increases Cell Proliferation in the Dentate Gyrus through Enhancement of Serotonin Expression in the Rat Dorsal Raphe.
Tae Soo KIM ; Il Gyu KO ; Yun Hee SUNG ; Sung Eun KIM ; Bo Kyun KIM ; Seung Kook PARK ; Mal Soon SHIN ; Chang Ju KIM ; Sang Jin YOON ; Khae Hawn KIM
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2009;24(6):1099-1104
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of vardenafil (Levitra), a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor, on cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and on 5-hyroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) synthesis and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) expression in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups (n=5 in each group): a control group, a 0.5 mg/kg-1 day vardenafil-treated group, a 1 mg/kg-1 day vardenafil-treated group, a 2 mg/kg-1 day vardenafil-treated group, a 1 mg/kg-3 day vardenafil-treated group, and a 1 mg/kg-7 day vardenafil-treated group. 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry was then performed to evaluate cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus. In addition, 5-HT and TPH immunohistochemistry was conducted to evaluate serotonin expression in the dorsal raphe. The results revealed that treatment with vardenafil increased cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus and enhanced 5-HT synthesis and TPH expression in the dorsal raphe in a dose- and duration-dependent manner. The findings demonstrate that the increasing effect of vardenafil on cell proliferation is closely associated with the enhancing effect of vardenafil on serotonin expression under normal conditions.
Animals
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Cell Proliferation/*drug effects
;
*Dentate Gyrus/cytology/drug effects/metabolism
;
Imidazoles/*pharmacology
;
Male
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Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/*pharmacology
;
Piperazines/*pharmacology
;
*Raphe Nuclei/cytology/drug effects/metabolism
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Serotonin/*biosynthesis
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Sulfones/pharmacology
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Triazines/pharmacology
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Tryptophan Hydroxylase/metabolism
2.Treadmill Exercise Ameliorates Short-Term Memory Disturbance in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia Rats.
Yu Mi HEO ; Mal Soon SHIN ; Jae Min LEE ; Chang Ju KIM ; Sang Bin BAEK ; Khae Hawn KIM ; Seung Soo BAEK
International Neurourology Journal 2014;18(1):16-22
PURPOSE: Scopolamine is a nonselective muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist, which induces impairment of learning ability and memory function. Exercise is known to ameliorate brain disturbance induced by brain injuries. In the present study, we investigated the effect of treadmill exercise on short-term memory in relation to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expression in the hippocampus, using a scopolamine-induced amnesia model in mice. METHODS: To induce amnesia, 1 mg/kg scopolamine hydrobromide was administered intraperitoneally once per day for 14 days. A step-down avoidance test for short-term memory was conducted. AChE histochemistry, immunohistochemistry for collagen IV, and doublecortin were performed. RESULTS: Short-term memory deteriorated in the mice with scopolamine-induced amnesia, concomitant with enhanced AChE expression and suppression of angiogenesis in the hippocampus. Critically, treadmill exercise ameliorated short-term memory impairment, suppressed AChE expression, and enhanced angiogenesis in the mice with scopolamine-induced amnesia. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of AChE is implicated in both brain and renal disease. The findings of our study indicate that treadmill exercise may be of therapeutic value in neurodegenerative and renal diseases by suppressing the effects of AChE expression.
Acetylcholinesterase
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Amnesia*
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Animals
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Brain
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Brain Injuries
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Collagen
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Exercise Test
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Hippocampus
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Immunohistochemistry
;
Learning
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Memory
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Memory, Short-Term*
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Mice
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Rats*
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Scopolamine Hydrobromide
3.Treadmill Exercise Improves Motor Function by Suppressing Purkinje Cell Loss in Parkinson Disease Rats.
Jae Min LEE ; Tae Woon KIM ; Sang Seo PARK ; Jin Hee HAN ; Mal Soon SHIN ; Baek Vin LIM ; Sang Hoon KIM ; Seung Soo BAEK ; Young Sam CHO ; Khae Hawn KIM
International Neurourology Journal 2018;22(Suppl 3):S147-S155
PURPOSE: Rotenone is the most widely used neurotoxin for the making Parkinson disease (PD) animal model. The neurodegenerative disorder PD shows symptoms, such as slowness of movements, tremor at resting, rigidity, disturbance of gait, and instability of posture. We investigated whether treadmill running improves motor ability using rotenone-caused PD rats. The effect of treadmill running on PD was also assessed in relation with apoptosis of cerebellar Purkinje cells. METHODS: Treadmill running was applied to the rats in the exercise groups for 30 minutes once a day for 4 weeks, starting 4 weeks after birth. We used rota-rod test for the determination of motor coordination and balance. In this experiment, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, immunohistochemistry for calbindin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Iba-1, and western blot analysis for Bax and Bcl-2 were performed. RESULTS: Treadmill running enhanced motor balance and coordination by preventing the loss of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar vermis. Treadmill running suppressed PD-induced expression of GFAP-positive reactive astrocytes and Iba-1-positive microglia, showing that treadmill running suppressed reactive astrogliosis and microglia activation. Treadmill running suppressed TUNEL-positive cell number and Bax expression and enhanced Bcl-2 expression, demonstrating that treadmill running inhibited the progress of apoptosis in the cerebellum of rotenone-induced PD rats. CONCLUSIONS: Treadmill running improved motor ability of the rotenone-induced PD rats by inhibiting apoptosis in the cerebellum. Apoptosis suppressing effect of treadmill running on rotenone-induced PD was achieved via suppression of reactive astrocyte and inhibition of microglial activation.
Animals
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Apoptosis
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Astrocytes
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Blotting, Western
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Calbindins
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Cell Count
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Cerebellar Vermis
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Cerebellum
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Gait
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Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
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Immunohistochemistry
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Microglia
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Models, Animal
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Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Parkinson Disease*
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Parturition
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Posture
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Purkinje Cells*
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Rats*
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Rotenone
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Running
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Tremor
4.2 cases of idiopathic BOOP associated with rare radiologic finding.
Kyung Ho KIM ; Young Mog LEE ; Young Soo CHOI ; Jung Ho SHIN ; Gee Ju HAN ; Seung Hyug MOON ; Sin Young GEE ; Seung Hawn JEUNG ; Hyen Tae KIM ; Sue Tack UH ; Young Hoon KIM ; Choon Sik PARK
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 1996;43(2):228-235
Idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a specific clinicopathologic syndrome characterized by a pneumonia-like illness, with excessive proliferation of granulation tissue within bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli. The changes are most numerous in alveolar ducts. The presence of intraluminal tufts of organizing connective tissue in alveolar ducts and more distal airspaces has been termed organizing pneumonia The radiologic manifestations are distinctive with bilateral, diffuse alveolar opacities predominantly in the subpleural and lower lung zone. Patchy migratory pneumonic foci or solely nodular infiltrates are rarely present in BOOP. BOOP is a diagnosis of importance because of its dramatic response to steroids.
Bronchioles
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Bronchiolitis Obliterans
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Connective Tissue
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Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia*
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Diagnosis
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Granulation Tissue
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Lung
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Pneumonia
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Steroids
5.The clinical, laboratory, and radiologic improvement due to siltuximab treatment in idiopathic multicentric Castleman’s disease
Gi-June MIN ; Young-Woo JEON ; Sung-Soo PARK ; Silvia PARK ; Seung-Hawn SHIN ; Seung-Ah YAHNG ; Jae-Ho YOON ; Sung-Eun LEE ; Byung-Sik CHO ; Ki-Seong EOM ; Yoo-Jin KIM ; Seok LEE ; Hee-Je KIM ; Chang-Ki MIN ; Dong-Wook KIM ; Jong-Wook LEE ; Seok-Goo CHO
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2021;36(2):424-432
Background/Aims:
Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) comprises approximately 30% of all cases of Castleman disease. It is characterized by constitutional symptoms, enlarged lymph nodes at multiple anatomical sites, and laboratory test abnormalities, which are primarily related to the overproduction of interleukin 6 (IL-6). Siltuximab is a human-mouse chimeric immunoglobulin G1κ monoclonal antibody against human IL-6. In view of the limited treatment options for iMCD, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of siltuximab in the management of this condition.
Methods:
In this real-world retrospective study, we administered siltuximab to 15 patients with iMCD who previously received conventional chemotherapy and/or steroid pulse therapy. The median time to a durable symptomatic response was 22 days (range, 17 to 56). The serum hemoglobin and albumin levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rates significantly normalized after the first 3 months of siltuximab treatment. Lymph node involution, assessed using imaging, was relatively gradual, demonstrating a complete or partial response at 6 months.
Results:
On an average, the improvements in clinical, laboratory, and radiologic parameters of iMCD in responders were observed after one, three, and eight cycles of siltuximab treatment, respectively. Siltuximab demonstrated a favorable safety profile, and prolonged treatment was well-tolerated.
Conclusions
Despite the small sample size of the present study, the results are encouraging and demonstrate the potential of siltuximab as the first-line treatment of iMCD. Further large multicenter studies are needed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and adverse events associated with siltuximab.
6.Treatment for relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia: what is the best post-remission treatment?
Gi-June MIN ; Byung-Sik CHO ; Sung-Soo PARK ; Silvia PARK ; Young-Woo JEON ; Seung-Ah YAHNG ; Seung-Hawn SHIN ; Jae-Ho YOON ; Sung-Eun LEE ; Ki-Seong EOM ; Yoo-Jin KIM ; Seok LEE ; Chang-Ki MIN ; Seok-Goo CHO ; Jong Wook LEE ; Hee-Je KIM
Blood Research 2022;57(3):197-206
Background:
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is the standard treatment for relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, consensus on post-remission therapies is still lacking.
Methods:
We evaluated 52 patients who experienced relapse following initial treatment of APL between 2000 and 2019 at Catholic Hematology Hospital. Among them, 41 patients received reinduction treatment, 30 with ATO-based regimen, whereas 11 with conventional intensive chemotherapy (IC).
Results:
The ATO reinduction group showed a significantly higher second molecular complete remission (mCR2) rate, superior neutrophil and platelet recovery, and a lower infection rate than the IC reinduction group. No significant differences were observed in survival outcomes after post-remission treatment among the ATO-based (N=19), autologous (N=12), and allogeneic (N=6) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) groups. In the ATO-based and autologous HSCT groups, among patients with mCR2 after ATO reinduction, nine and five patients experienced a second relapse, respectively (50.7% vs. 41.7%, P =0.878). Among these patients, seven received salvage allogeneic HSCT; six remained alive. The other seven patients received ATO without HSCT. Five died from disease progression, and two survived and have been in mCR2 since.
Conclusion
Post-remission treatment outcomes of patients with relapsed APL were not significantly different, regardless of the treatment option, suggesting the feasibility of ATO-based treatment without HSCT in mCR2. Allogeneic HSCT may be an effective salvage treatment modality for patients with a second relapse. Owing to a few cases of relapsed APL, multicenter prospective studies may help elucidate the efficacy of each post-remission treatment.
7.Clinical Findings of Appendiceal Mucocele.
Jin Bum CHO ; Hang Joo CHO ; Ok Ran SHIN ; Kee Hawn KIM ; Chang Hyeok AHN ; Jeong Soo KIM ; Seung Jin YOO ; Keun Woo LIM ; Ji Il KIM
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 2008;74(6):429-435
PURPOSE: A mucocele of the appendix is an uncommon pathology, representing 0.2% to 0.3% of all appendix specimens. It is often diagnosed clinically as a result of its ability to cause signs and symptoms similar to those of acute appendicitis. If it is asymptomatic, it is often detected as an incidental finding during ultrasonography, computed tomography, radiographic examination of the gastrointestinal tract, or laparotomy. The purpose of this study was to identify the clinical features of mucocele of the appendix. METHODS: We describe 35 cases of mucocele of the appendix diagnosed at Uijeongbu St. Mary's hospital between January 1993 and December 2006. We analyzed demographic, clinical, and pathologic data of all the cases. RESULTS: A total of 12 males and 13 females with mean age of 54.7+/-14.9 years are described. The peak incidence occurred in the seventh decade (34.3%). Sixteen patients presented with symptoms and signs similar to those found in acute appendicitis. Ten patients complained of a palpable mass, 2 patients complained of non-specific abdominal pain, and 7 patients were asymptomatic. Fourteen cases were diagnosed preoperatively, and 3 cases were discovered incidentally. Pathologic examination revealed mucosal hyperplasia in 20% of the cases, cystadenoma in 71%, and cystadenocarcinoma in 9%. The mean age of cystadenocarcinoma patients was older than the mean age of mucosal hyperplasia patients, and the diameter of the appendix was larger in cystadenoma patients than in mucosal hyperplasia patients. CONCLUSION: The preoperative diagnosis of appendiceal mucocele is very important to make in order to facilitate treatment planning and avoid inadvertent rupture of the mucocele during operation. We recommend more diagnostic studies in cases of suspected mucocele. Mucocele of the appendix must be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with pain in the right iliac fossa, patients older than 40 years of age, patients suffering from long-term symptoms, and patient with a palpable mass in the right iliac fossa.
Abdominal Pain
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Appendicitis
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Appendix
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Cystadenocarcinoma
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Cystadenoma
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Diagnosis, Differential
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Female
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Gastrointestinal Tract
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Humans
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Hyperplasia
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Incidence
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Incidental Findings
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Laparotomy
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Male
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Mucocele
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Rupture
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Stress, Psychological
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Tomography, X-Ray
8.Primary Retroperitoneal Mucinous Cystadenoma.
Jung Im YI ; Hang Joo CHO ; Ok Ran SHIN ; Kee Hawn KIM ; Chang Hycok AHN ; Jeong Soo KIM ; Seung Jin YOO ; Keun Woo LIM ; Ji Il KIM
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 2008;75(5):343-346
Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenomas are rare tumors that are almost always found in women. They are similar to ovarian originated mucinous cystadenoma, but there is no any other evidence of an ovarian origin for primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenomas. A 33-year-old woman with complaints of RLQ pain was found to have a cystic mass in the right retroperitoneal space on her abdominal CT scan. The histological diagnosis was confirmed as primary mucinous cystadenoma. We report here on a case of retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma, and we also talk about this tumor, including its histogenesis, through a review of the available literature.
Adult
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Cystadenoma, Mucinous
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Female
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Humans
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Mucins
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Retroperitoneal Space
9.Graft Functions and Survivals according to the Serum Creatinine Level at 3 Days after Renal Transplantation in Living-donor Renal Transplantation.
Bum Soon CHOI ; Ga Eul JOO ; Jin Dong KIM ; Seung Hawn LEE ; Jae Wook KIM ; Suk Joon SHIN ; Chul Woo YANG ; Yong Soo KIM ; In Sung MOON ; Yong Bok KOH ; Byung Kee BANG
The Journal of the Korean Society for Transplantation 2003;17(2):144-149
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether serum creatinine levels at 3 days after renal transplantation can predict long-term graft survival and its associated clinical aspects. METHODS: Three hundred and seventy six renal transplant recipients who received grafts from living donors were included. Recipients were classified into two groups according to their serum creatinine levels (
Biopsy
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Body Weight
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Creatinine*
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Dialysis
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Female
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Graft Survival
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Humans
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Kidney
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Kidney Transplantation*
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Living Donors
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Transplantation
;
Transplants*