In the present study, the effects of different photoperiods on stress, immunity, and hematological parameters in ICR mice were evaluated. Fifty male ICR mice 7 weeks old (body weight, 27.3 +/- 2.5 g) were divided into five groups: DP-0 (0/24-h light/dark cycle), DP-6 (6/18-h light/dark cycle), DP-12 (12/12-h light/dark cycle), DP-18 (18/ 6-h light/dark cycle), and DP-24 (24/0-h light/dark cycle). During the experimental period, no significant differences in body weight or feed intake were observed between the groups. Hematological analysis revealed that white blood cell, red blood cell, and hemoglobin values for the DP-0 group were significantly different compared to those of the other groups. After 28 days, no significant difference in serum cortisol concentration was observed among the groups, but serum cortisol levels increased in a light exposure-dependent manner. Total serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations of the DP-0 and PD-6 groups were significantly increased compared to those of the other groups (P < 0.05), and serum total IgG levels decreased in a light exposure-dependent manner. Results of the present study indicated that various photoperiods affect hematological parameters and total serum IgG levels in ICR mice while having no significant effects on body weight, feed intake, or cortisol levels.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Immunoglobulin G ; Leukocytes ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR* ; Photoperiod*

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in neonates is an important cause of brain damage that leads to severe neurological sequelae or death. Brain injury patterns on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans are used to predict neurodevelopmental outcome severity. This case series describes the clinical manifestations and neurologic outcomes of four preterm infants with isolated deep gray matter injuries. Basal ganglia and thalamic lesions were noted without white matter and cerebral cortex lesion on brain MRI. All patients were preterm infants born at less than 33 weeks’ gestation and required resuscitation in the delivery room. All had seizures during the neonatal period requiring anti-seizure medications. Severe neurologic disability was identified in three patients using neurodevelopmental assessment tools. Another patient has not been evaluated with assessment tools yet as he was 2 months’ corrected age, but he was supported by home ventilation via a tracheostomy due to insufficient self-respiration. This case series demonstrates that isolated deep gray matter injuries in preterm infants could predict severe neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Hydrops fetalis (HF) is a complex fetal complication with diverse etiologies. It is commonly classified into immune and non-immune forms, with well-established etiologies of non-immune HF (NIHF) including cardiovascular, chromosomal, and hematologic abnormalities. However, there have been cases of idiopathic NIHF lacking a clear underlying cause, prompting ongoing research. In this case report, we present a compelling association between the administration of chemotherapeutic agents during pregnancy and the development of NIHF. This report describes a unique case of HF in an infant born to a mother diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia during pregnancy. The mother received chemotherapy at 26 weeks of gestation. The neonate initially presented with generalized edema, pericardial effusion, and ascites that resolved with appropriate supportive care. Prompt identification of the underlying causes of HF is crucial for prognostic assessment and implementation of effective management strategies. Therefore, considering maternal chemotherapy as a potential contributing factor to NIHF is of importance.

Hydrops fetalis (HF) is a complex fetal complication with diverse etiologies. It is commonly classified into immune and non-immune forms, with well-established etiologies of non-immune HF (NIHF) including cardiovascular, chromosomal, and hematologic abnormalities. However, there have been cases of idiopathic NIHF lacking a clear underlying cause, prompting ongoing research. In this case report, we present a compelling association between the administration of chemotherapeutic agents during pregnancy and the development of NIHF. This report describes a unique case of HF in an infant born to a mother diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia during pregnancy. The mother received chemotherapy at 26 weeks of gestation. The neonate initially presented with generalized edema, pericardial effusion, and ascites that resolved with appropriate supportive care. Prompt identification of the underlying causes of HF is crucial for prognostic assessment and implementation of effective management strategies. Therefore, considering maternal chemotherapy as a potential contributing factor to NIHF is of importance.

Hydrops fetalis (HF) is a complex fetal complication with diverse etiologies. It is commonly classified into immune and non-immune forms, with well-established etiologies of non-immune HF (NIHF) including cardiovascular, chromosomal, and hematologic abnormalities. However, there have been cases of idiopathic NIHF lacking a clear underlying cause, prompting ongoing research. In this case report, we present a compelling association between the administration of chemotherapeutic agents during pregnancy and the development of NIHF. This report describes a unique case of HF in an infant born to a mother diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia during pregnancy. The mother received chemotherapy at 26 weeks of gestation. The neonate initially presented with generalized edema, pericardial effusion, and ascites that resolved with appropriate supportive care. Prompt identification of the underlying causes of HF is crucial for prognostic assessment and implementation of effective management strategies. Therefore, considering maternal chemotherapy as a potential contributing factor to NIHF is of importance.

Hydrops fetalis (HF) is a complex fetal complication with diverse etiologies. It is commonly classified into immune and non-immune forms, with well-established etiologies of non-immune HF (NIHF) including cardiovascular, chromosomal, and hematologic abnormalities. However, there have been cases of idiopathic NIHF lacking a clear underlying cause, prompting ongoing research. In this case report, we present a compelling association between the administration of chemotherapeutic agents during pregnancy and the development of NIHF. This report describes a unique case of HF in an infant born to a mother diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia during pregnancy. The mother received chemotherapy at 26 weeks of gestation. The neonate initially presented with generalized edema, pericardial effusion, and ascites that resolved with appropriate supportive care. Prompt identification of the underlying causes of HF is crucial for prognostic assessment and implementation of effective management strategies. Therefore, considering maternal chemotherapy as a potential contributing factor to NIHF is of importance.

Hydrops fetalis (HF) is a complex fetal complication with diverse etiologies. It is commonly classified into immune and non-immune forms, with well-established etiologies of non-immune HF (NIHF) including cardiovascular, chromosomal, and hematologic abnormalities. However, there have been cases of idiopathic NIHF lacking a clear underlying cause, prompting ongoing research. In this case report, we present a compelling association between the administration of chemotherapeutic agents during pregnancy and the development of NIHF. This report describes a unique case of HF in an infant born to a mother diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia during pregnancy. The mother received chemotherapy at 26 weeks of gestation. The neonate initially presented with generalized edema, pericardial effusion, and ascites that resolved with appropriate supportive care. Prompt identification of the underlying causes of HF is crucial for prognostic assessment and implementation of effective management strategies. Therefore, considering maternal chemotherapy as a potential contributing factor to NIHF is of importance.

Salmonellosis is a major bacterial zoonosis that causes self-limited enteritis in animals and foodborne disease and typhoid fever in humans. Recently, multi-drug-resistant strains of Salmonella spp. have increased and caused more serious problems in public health. The present study investigated the antibacterial effects of egg-white lysozyme (EWL) against Salmonella (S.) Typhimurium and the therapeutic effects of EWL for murine salmonellosis. Evaluation of the antibacterial effects of EWL against S. Typhimurium revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of EWL of 6.25 and 300 µg/mL, respectively. In the bacterial growth inhibition test, EWL at 300 (p < 0.05) and 600 µg/mL (p < 0.01) significantly inhibited the growth of S. Typhimurium at 4 h postincubation. EWL administration at MIC (LYS-1), MBC (LYS-2) and 2× MBC (LYS-3) for 14 days resulted in mortality of mice infected with S. Typhimurium of 70, 40 and 10%, respectively, while that of control mice (CON) was 90%. Counts of S. Typhimurium in murine spleens were significantly lower in LYS-2 and LYS-3 than CON (p < 0.05). The results of this study indicate that EWL has the potential for treatment of ICR mice infected with S. Typhimurium.
Animals ; Enteritis ; Foodborne Diseases ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR* ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mortality ; Muramidase* ; Public Health ; Salmonella Infections ; Salmonella typhimurium* ; Salmonella* ; Spleen ; Therapeutic Uses* ; Typhoid Fever

Infectious mononucleosis(IM) is a benign self-limiting disease and result from a polyclonal B cell proliferation secondary to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections. The infection is controlled by cytotoxic T cells triggered by EBV infected B cells. However, rare cases develop severe or fatal IM accompanied by hemophagocytic syndrome. We report a case of a 4-year-old girl who presented with high fever, hepatosplenomegaly, hepatic failure, pancytopenia and coagulopathy. Despite intensive treatment, the patient's condition deteriorated rapidly and died 3 days after admission. At autopsy, there was prominent infiltration of atypical lymphocytes with hemophagocytosis in multiple organs, especially liver, spleen and lymph nodes. Atypical lymphocytes were immunopositive for T cell markers and showed positive signal in EBV in situ hybridization.
Autopsy ; B-Lymphocytes ; Cell Proliferation ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fever ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Infectious Mononucleosis* ; Liver ; Liver Failure ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; Pancytopenia ; Spleen ; T-Lymphocytes

PURPOSE: To report the three-year outcomes of macular laser photocoagulation following intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) for diffuse diabetic macular edema (DME). METHODS: A prospective, randomized controlled study was completed. Eighty-six eyes of 74 patients with diffuse DME were randomized into two groups. Eyes assigned to the combination group (n = 48) were subjected to macular laser photocoagulation three weeks after IVTA. Eyes in the IVTA group (n = 38) underwent IVTA alone. Central macular thickness was measured by optical coherence tomography, and the number of additional treatments and mean time to recurrence were assessed. RESULTS: Thirty-seven eyes in the combination group and 26 eyes in the IVTA group completed the three-year follow-up. Recurrence of DME after initial treatment was not observed for nine of the 37 (24.3%) eyes in the combination group or for one of the 26 (3.9$) eyes in the IVTA group (p = 0.028). DME was absent for 19.9 months after treatment in the combination group compared to 10.3 months in the IVTA group (p = 0.027). The mean number of additional treatments was 0.92 in the combination group and 1.88 in the IVTA group (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Results in the subset of subjects who completed the three-year follow-up demonstrated that laser photocoagulation following IVTA is more effective than IVTA monotherapy for diffuse DME. Combination therapy required fewer additional treatments and resulted in a lower recurrence rate than IVTA monotherapy.
Combined Modality Therapy ; Diabetic Retinopathy/*therapy ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Humans ; Intravitreal Injections ; Laser Coagulation/*methods ; Macular Edema/*therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Treatment Outcome ; Triamcinolone Acetonide/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Visual Acuity