No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to assess the change of heart rate variability (HRV) at resting, upright, and psychological stress in anxiety disorder patients. METHODS: HRV was measured at resting, upright, and psychological stress states in 60 anxiety disorder patients. We used visual analogue scale (VAS) score to assess tension and stress severity. Beck depression inventory (BDI) and state trait anxiety inventories I and II (STAI-I and II) were used to assess depression and anxiety severity. Differences between HRV indices were evaluated using paired t-tests. Gender difference analysis was accomplished with ANCOVA. RESULTS: SDNN (Standard deviation of normal RR intervals) and low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) were significantly increased, while NN50, pNN50, and normalized HF (nHF) were significantly decreased in the upright position compared to resting state (p < 0.01). SDNN, root mean square of the differences of successive normal to normal intervals, and LF/HF were significantly increased, while nHF was significantly decreased in the psychological stress state compared to resting state (p < 0.01). SDNN, NN50, pNN50 were significantly lower in upright position compared to psychological stress and nVLF, nLF, nHF, and LF/HF showed no significant differences between them. CONCLUSION: The LF/HF ratio was significantly increased after both physical and psychological stress in anxiety disorder, but did not show a significant difference between these two stresses. Significant differences of SDNN, NN50, and pNN50 without any differences of nVLF, nLF, nHF, and LF/HF between two stresses might suggest that frequency domain analysis is more specific than time domain analysis.
Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders* ; Autonomic Nervous System ; Depression ; Equipment and Supplies ; Heart Rate* ; Humans ; Stress, Psychological*

No abstract available.
Polydactyly*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Rats*

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe characteristics of colleges implementing the accelerated second-degree bachelor of science in nursing program in South Korea and provide insight into strategies to improve the program outcomes. Methods: An on-line questionnaire developed for this study was emailed to deans of nursing colleges who were members of the Korean Association of College of Nursing. Questions included items related to nursing college, students, curriculum, and anticipated difficulty in relation to an increase of the number of second-degree students. Results: Out of 117 nursing schools, 33 schools (28.2%) participated in the on-line survey. The actual number of second-degree students and their ratio (about 10%) to regular students significantly increased in 2019. Male students were enrolled nearly twice as many times as regular students. Among the anticipated difficulties, clinical practice institutions (3.94) and clinical practice instructors (3.73) showed relatively higher scores than other difficulties such as teaching (3.58) and education facilities (3.30). Conclusion In order to improve the quality of nursing education for second-degree students, more nursing faculties and innovative clinical practice support systems are needed. Future study is warranted to investigate the educational experience of second-degree students and graduates.

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Pneumonia*

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the association between respiratory virus infection and pneumococcal colonization in children. METHODS: From May 2009 to June 2010, nasopharyngeal (NP) aspirates were obtained from patients under 18 years old who visited Seoul National University Children's Hospital for respiratory symptoms. NP samples were used to detect respiratory viruses (influenza virus A and B, parainfluenza virus 1, 2 and 3, respiratory syncytial virus A and B, adenovirus, rhinovirus A/B, human metapneumovirus, human coronavirus 229E/NL63 and OC43/HKU1) by RT-PCR and pneumococcus by culture. RESULTS: Median age of the patients was 27 months old. A total of 1,367 NP aspirates were tested for respiratory viruses and pneumococcus. Pneumococcus was isolated from 228 (16.7%) of samples and respiratory viruses were detected from 731 (53.5%). Common viruses were rhinovirus (18.4%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A (10.6%), adenovirus (6.9%), influenza virus A (6.8%). Pneumococcal isolation rate was significantly higher in the cases of positive virus detection than negative detection [21.3% (156/731) vs. 11.3% (72/636), P<0.001]. For individual viruses, pneumococcal isolation rate was positively associated with detection of influenza virus A [24.7% (23/93) vs 16.1% (205/1274), P=0.001], RSV A [28.3% (41/145) vs 15.3% (187/1222), P=0.001], RSV B [31.3% (10/32) vs 16.3% (218/1335), P=0.042], rhinovirus A/B [22.6% (57/252) vs 15.3% (171/1115), P=0.010]. CONCLUSION: The study revealed that pneumococcal isolation from NP aspirates is related with respiratory virus detection. The result of this study could be used to investigate how respiratory viruses and pneumococcus cause clinical diseases.
Adenoviridae ; Child* ; Colon* ; Coronavirus ; Humans ; Metapneumovirus ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; Rhinovirus ; Seoul ; Streptococcus pneumoniae

Behcet's syndrome has been known as multisystemic disease caused by nonspecific immune mediated vasculitis, but it's precise etiology is not yet identified. Among the various systemic manifestations, pericardial effusion is extremely rare, and pericardial tamponade caused by massive pericardial effusion in Behcet'sydrome has not been reported in the literature. We report a case of Behcet's syndrome manifested as SVC syndrome due to SVC and right atrial thrombus with massive pericardial effusion resulting cardiac tamponade with the review of the literature.
Behcet Syndrome* ; Cardiac Tamponade ; Pericardial Effusion* ; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome* ; Thrombosis ; Vasculitis ; Vena Cava, Superior*

No abstract available.
Myelography*

A case of a 39-year-old woman with corrected transposition of the great vessels without significant intracardiac anomaly or coronary disease is reported. The clinical diagnosis of coronary arterial disese was supported in this patient by electrocardiographic changes of probable old anteroseptal myocardial infarction. Coronary arteriographic study showed the morphologic left coronary artery supplied the right-sided ventricle, and the right coronary artery supplied the left-sided ventricle, and the right coronary artery supplied the left-sided ventricle. Although the condition is theoretically compatible with a normal life span, few patient with this lesion survive past 40 years of age because of the subsequent heart block or functioning as a systemic ventricle.
Adult* ; Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction ; Coronary Angiography* ; Coronary Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Diagnosis ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Block ; Humans