We report a case of naturally-occurring anti-Miltenberger (anti-Mia(a)) antibody in a 16-year-old man who had never been transfused before. During an operation for a trauma he received 2 units of packed red blood cells. He was negative on an antibody screening test, but positive a week after the surgery when an extended screening test was conducted using blood cells positive for Miltenberger III (Mi.III) phenotype. The Mi.III phenotype is a low incidence antigen among Caucasians, however, it is reported to be relatively high in incidence among people in South-East Asia. Anti-Mia(a) antibodies are clinically significant antibodies that cause hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) and hemolytic disease of the newborns (HDNs). In addition, anti-Mia(a) has a high rate of incidence among Thais, Taiwanese, and Hong Kong Chinese. There has been no particular report on Koreans regarding the incidence of this antibody, it would therefore require further research on the Mi.III phenotype and anti-Mia(a).
Adolescent* ; Antibodies ; Asia ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Cells ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Erythrocytes ; Hong Kong ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Mass Screening ; Phenotype

Leiomyoma is a benign tumor that originates from smooth muscle and can develop anywhere in the body where smooth muscle is present. However, leiomyoma arising in the head and neck region are very rare. We experienced a case of a 74-year-old male patient with a right nasal floor mass. The patient complained of bleeding from the right nasal cavity, nasal congestion, and discharge. On physical examination, a relatively smooth-surfaced, well-demarcated mass was observed in the right nasal floor. Preoperative imaging was interpreted as a right nasolabial cyst, and endoscopic excision was performed. Histologic examination confirmed it to be vascular leiomyoma. The patient was followed up for 6 months postoperatively and remains stable with no recurrence of symptoms. We report a case of vascular leiomyoma arising from the nasal floor that was mistaken for a nasolabial cyst in a 74-year-old patient.

Background and Objectives: Fibrin sealant (FS) is widely used to reduce postoperative bleeding. This analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of FS to reduce complications after rhinoplasty.Materials and Method We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science database for articles on FS and rhinoplasty from the inception of publication to December 29, 2021. Post-rhinoplasty complications, such as edema and ecchymosis, were recorded. The final meta-analysis was performed using three studies. Results: Two subgroups were created based on the FS usage after rhinoplasty. The FS effect on edema reduction was favorable on the postoperative day-1 (standardized mean difference [SMD]=-1.07 [-1.70; -0.45]). In addition, the FS effect on ecchymosis reduction was favorable on the postoperative day-1 postoperative (SMD=-1.33 [-2.15; -0.50]). Conclusion Our study shows that FS reduces the early complications of rhinoplasty.

We report a case of naturally occuring anti-Xga in a 22-year-old man suffering from multiple traumas, who had no past history of transfusion or transplantation. The positive reaction was detected at 37 degrees Cin the antibody screening test with LISS/Coombs card (DiaMed AG, Cressier, Morat, Switzerland), which disappeared at the enzyme phase with the NaCl/Enzyme card (DiaMed AG). The Xga antigen was negative on his red cell surfaces. The unexpected antibody was finally identified as anti-Xga. We found four of twelve units of packed red blood cells that were compatible with the patient's serum. Anti-Xga is a very rare unexpected antibody in Korea, so we need more study in order to determine incidence and the significance of this antibody.
Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Multiple Trauma ; Young Adult

We report a case of agammaglobulinemia detected by ABO discrepancy in a 13-year-old girl. At first, she visited Pusan National University Hospital complaining of joint swelling and pain. For trans-fusion, the ABO blood grouping was done. The cell typing was B, but anti-A was not found in the serum with repeated testing. Then, serum protein electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis and immunoglob-ulin quantitation showed a markedly decreased level in gamma-globulin. B lymphocyte was less than 1% of peripheral lymphocytes. There were no remarkable abnormal findings in the clinical and laboratory results of her parents. The patient represented an apparent agammaglobulinemia without clinically significant infection for three months. Further follow-up is needed to evaluate the patient.
Adolescent* ; Agammaglobulinemia* ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Busan ; Electrophoresis ; Female* ; Follow-Up Studies ; gamma-Globulins ; Humans ; Immunoelectrophoresis ; Joints ; Lymphocytes ; Parents

BACKGROUND: The treatment using more potent antiviral agents for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been performed widely and a highly sensitive quantification method using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that measures the HBV viral genome in sera is available. In this study, the HBV DNA level in each disease status including the inactive HBsAg carrier is evaluated. METHODS: Samples were obtained from 227 patients with chronic HBV infection that were grouped into chronic hepatitis (111), liver cirrhosis (71), and inactive HBsAg carrier (45). Quantification of HBV DNA was performed using the automated Cobas Amplicor HBV monitor test(TM). RESULTS: Among the chronic hepatitis B group (9.76 x 10(7) copies/mL), the liver cirrhosis group (4.88x10(5) copies/mL), and the inactive carrier group (3.18 x10(3)copies/mL), the medians of serum HBV DNA levels were significantly different from one group to another (P=0.000). Also, the median of HBV DNA levels in the patients with positive HBeAg (1.77 x10(8) copies/mL) was significantly higher than that of negative HBeAg (2.71 x 10(4) copies/mL) (P=0.000). In the patients with negative HBeAg, HBV DNA level in the inactive carrier group (Median 3.18 x 10(3) copies/mL) was significantly lower than that of the chronic hepatitis group (Median 2.2 x 10(5) copies/mL (P=0.000). CONCLUSIONS: The serum HBV DNA level varied among different disease groups, particularly according to HBeAg positivity. 40% of the chronic hepatitis group with negative HBeAg had HBV DNA levels below 10(5) copies/mL. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of HBV DNA using this sensitive and automated PCR method would be useful in detecting viral proliferation.
Antiviral Agents ; DNA* ; Genome, Viral ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Herpesvirus 1, Cercopithecine* ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

The Di(a) antigen is well known as one of the antigens with low incidence among Caucasians; however, it has been discovered with a relatively higher incidence among Mongoloid populations. Thus, it has been speculated that the incidence of unexpected antibody against the Di(a) antigen might be relatively higher among these populations. Hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) and hemolytic disease of the newborns (HDNs) caused by anti-Di(a) have been reported sporadically. However, there has been no prospective study on the incidence of anti-Di(a) in Mongoloid populations particularly. The authors conducted a series of antibody screening tests on 11,219 Korean individuals for 25 months, by using three kinds of screening cells including Di(a) cell. Anti-Di(a) was detected in 8 patients, seven of whom had a history of transfusions or were multigravida. The incidence of anti-Di(a) measured in this study was higher than expected, ranked third among unexpected antibodies identified during the period of the study, so it is strongly recommended that the Di(a+) panel cell must be incorporated into antibody screening test for safer transfusion in Asian-Mongoloid populations.
Adult ; *Antibody Formation ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Banks ; Blood Group Antigens/*immunology ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; Blood Transfusion ; Erythrocytes/immunology ; Female ; Human ; Immunologic Techniques ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

BACKGROUND: Many medical institutions in Korea have recently been performing an antibody screening test as one of the essential elements of a pre-transfusion test. In this study we will determine the advantage and clinical significance of adding an enzyme method to the antiglobulin method while conducting the antibody identification test. METHODS: We performed antibody identification tests between December 2002 and December 2005, for a total of 37 months at Pusan National University Hospital. In this study we have analyzed 550 cases that were conducted by both the antiglobulin method and the enzyme method at the same time. RESULTS: A total of 111 of the results were cases of detection using the adding an enzyme method. Among these results, Rh antibodies that included the anti-E had the highest number of results 77 (69.4%), 28 antibody (25.2%), 2 anti-P1 (1.8%) and one anti-Jkb (0.9%). CONCLUSION: Using the enzyme method in the antibody identification test proved to us that there were more clinically significant warm antibodies than cold antibodies. In order to have a more secured transfusion, it is required to identify a clinically significant antibody using the additional enzyme method during the antibody identification test.
Antibodies ; Busan ; Korea ; Mass Screening

Schwannoma is benign tumor that can occur in any part of the nerve that contains a Schwann cell. It is rare in the head and neck region and is characterized by common postoperative neurologic symptoms. We experienced a cervical schwannoma in a 22-year-old young man. Except for a foreign body sensation in the neck and a mass in the anterior region, there were no other complaints. A retropharyngeal schwannoma was most suspected considering neck computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, laryngoscopy and fine needle aspiration. Surgical treatment was performed, and the origin of the schwannoma was diagnosed as the tonsillar branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of a schwannoma with typical characteristics. After surgery, the patient recovered without any side effects. We report this case with a review of the literature.

Objective: This study examined the diagnostic validity of a three-item ultra-brief screening tool for online gaming disorder in line with the gaming disorder criteria in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision. Methods: The Three-item Gaming disorder Test-Online-Centered (TIGTOC) was composed of three items using a four-point Likert scale selected from the Internet Game Use-Elicited Symptom Screen (IGUESS). Among a cohort of 2319 young-adolescent Internet users, the baseline data of 228 healthy controls and 45 Internet-gaming-disorder cases were analyzed. Receiver operation characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed using mental health specialists’ diagnoses as the gold standard. Results: The ROC curve analysis showed an area under the curve of 86%. Using a cut-off score of 4 from a full range of 0–9, the sensitivity, specificity, and Cronbach’s α were 72%, 90%, and 0.811, respectively. TIGTOC scores was positively associated with time spent on online gaming, depressive symptoms, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, and addictive Internet use. Conclusion The TIGTOC appears to be a brief, valid, and reliable screening tool for online gaming disorder within the community or in primary care settings.