The present study was undertaken to determine whether an analysis of the collected worms after chemotherapy with pyrantel pamoate could be used as a method measuring the amount of reinfection of Ascaris lumbricoides in a given population. A total of 398 cases from two villages and one primary school were treated with pyrantel pamoate with dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight. The whole two-day stool specimens after treatment were examined. Out of 279 followed cases, 110 cases (39.4%) were found infected with A. lumbricoides. A total of 527 worms were collected, they were in the range of 1.2 to 32.5 cm in length and 0.0004 to 7.424 gm in weight. The measurements were made on the specimens fixed with 10% formalin. The relationship between the number of worms per positive case(X) and the total weight of worms(Y) showed the positive linear regression; this was expressed by the equation, Y= 2.012X + 1.135 (Sy=4.84, r=0.92). From the above results, it seems that worms of small size may not be considered as a product of crowding effect in heavy infections. The relation between the weight(Y) and length(X) of collected A. lumbricoides was expressed as an equation, Log(e)Y=3.032 log(e)X-8.2903(S.E. of reg. coeff.= 0.040, r=0.957). In the intestinal phase of development, the first increase of the length of the worm, up to 10-12 cm was observed and this followed by the well marked increase of weight from 13 cm upto 32.5 cm in the sexually maturing phase. A total of 285 schoolchildren were treated by pyrantel pamoate, 10 mg/kg of body weight three times each in two months interval. After the second and third treatment, thirteen and fifty-four worms were collected respectively. They were measured in length and weight and were all in the range of 1.2 to 13.2 cm in length and 0.0006 to 0.436 gm in weight except 3 fully matured adults. It is assumed that these young worms, defined as those less than 0.5 gm in weight and less than 13 cm in length should be regarded as those having reinfected during the previous two months period. From this observation, it was possible to calculate the reinfected number of young worms. Therefore, it is suggested that the average number of Ascaris per month per person means the reinfection amount in a certain period of time in an endemic area of A. lumbricoides. In other words, reinfection amount may be expressed by the calculated figure of young worms reinfected in a certain period of time in a population.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; ascariasis ; epidemiology-reinfection ; pyrantel pamoate

This study was undertaken to find out the possibility of iron-deficiency anemia by the intestinal blood loss in massive infection cases of T. trichiurus. Among the children of a community in which the whipworm infections were highly prevalent, 7 cases were selected whose E.P.G. of whipworm ova were more than 1,000. The hematological findings and estimated blood loss using (51)Cr were undertaken. The results could be summarized as follows: The E.P.G. and E.P.D. of T. trichiurus ova in studied 7 cases were 10,500-37,200/gm of feces and 0.90-5.14 million/day respectively. Findings of hematological examination were in lower limit of normal in hemoglobin content and hematocrit. And erythrocytes were neither microcytic nor hypochromic. Differential count of leucocytes showed persistently low grade of eosinophilia. Serum iron content measured by modification of Barkan method showed subnormal value in 5 out of 7 cases. Erythrocyte radioactivity half disappearance time(T1/2) and intestinal blood loss were estimated using (51)Cr-tagging erythrocytes. And the results showed that T1/2 were shortened (13-19 days ) in all cases and the blood loss was 0.94-6.54 ml/day which were correlated with worm burden (E.P.D.) significantly. From the above results, it could be concluded that intestinal blood loss of T. trichiurus heavy infection were actually occurred but the amount of losses were easily compensated.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Trichocephalus trichiurus ; Trichuris trichiura ; anemia ; intestine ; hematology ; Cr(51)

No abstract available.
Abstracting and Indexing as Topic*

No abstract available.
Korea*

The above article became to belatedly recognized by the editor of Journal of Korean Medical Science (JKMS) having almost same contents with an article which appeared in Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care (=Hankook Hospice Wanhuaeuiryohakhoeji in Korean) 2003;6:152-63, entitled, Reliability and Validity of the Evaluation of Korean Cancer Pain Assessment Tool (K-CPAT). The 2003 article was written in Korean language, and authored by Youn Seon Choi, June young Lee, Jin No Park, Myung Ah Lee, Chang Hwan Yeom and Se Kwon Jang (with corresponding author Dr. J. Lee). Both articles shared same contents of four tables, appendix and message. The executive board for publication of the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences discussed the matter on 12 October 2006, concluded that the JKMS article was a duplicate publication, and resolved to retract the article in order to respect copy right of the Korean Society of Hospice and Palliative Care. Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care have been indexed neither in PubMed nor in KoreaMed. The corresponding author of the article, Dr. Y.S. Choi, accepted the allegation of the duplicate publication.

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Korea* ; Parasitology*

Cotylaspis coreensis sp. n., Cotylaspis sinensis Faust et Tang, 1936, Phyllodistomum parasiluri Yamaguti, 1934, Kaurma orientalis Yamaguti, 1937, Astiotrema reniferum (Looss, 1898), Astiotrema odhneri Bhalerao, 1936, Astiotrema sp. and Cephalogonimus japonicus Ogata, 1936 were collected from the intestine of freshwater mud-turtle, Amyda sinensis Wiegmann in Korea which were purchased at Namdaemoon Market of Seoul on October 1968 and May 1977. Cotylaspis coreensis differs from other members of the genus in relatively large size of pharynx, the number and distribution of vitelline follicles, size of testis, length of intestine and position of genital opening. Distribution of Cotylaspis sinensis was firstly recorded in Korea. Phyllodistomum parasiluri collected in this study was considered to be the first to recover from the reptilian host although the collected worms were still immatured. The genus Astiotrema collected in this study were divided into three species, A. reniferum which is hitherto unrecorded in Korea, A. odhneri which had been described as A. orientale, A. amydae and A. fukuii and another Astiotrema sp. which differs from the former two species in minor differences in size of suckers, size of ova and size of cirrus pouch. The distribution of Cephalogonimus japonicus was firstly recorded in Korea.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Cotylaspis coreensis ; Phyllodistomum parasiluri ; Kaurma orientalis ; Astiotrema reniferum ; Astiotrema odhneri ; Astiotrema sp. ; Cephalogonimus japonicus ; turtle-Amyda sinensis ; epidemiology

The significance of Scotch-tape anal swab technique was evaluated in three communities of Korea, one in orphanage institute and two in rural populations, from November to December, 1975. Based on the epidemiological concept that the prevalence rate of Enterobius vermicularis infection in a community as "the proportion in the population who harboured E. vermicularis at certain point of time", the present authors treated the whole surveyed population with pyrantel pamoate disregard to the results of Scotch-tape anal swab and collected pinworms expelled in stool specimens during 2 consecutive days after the chemotherapy. Although the present authors could not collect the younger adult worms less than 3.54 mm in length after chemotherapy, the positive rates of pinworm collection in three surveyed communities were 80.6%, 92.5% and 91.4% respectively whereas the positive rates of single Scotch-tape anal swab were 52.4%, 53.6% and 57.1% respectively. These results denote that results of single anal swab do not represent the prevalence rate of Enterobius infection in a community. The results of successive two anal swabs and estimation of positivity in a population using Neyman's "Best asymptotically normal estimate" revealed 62.9% in the third trial group of this study and probability of finding eggs in single slide was 0.869. Comparing with the pinworm collection rate after the chemotherapy in this group the estimated positive rate was by far lower than that of pinworm collection(89.3%). The positive results of single anal swab did not correspond to the pinworm collection in average 9.1% of anal swab positive cases and the negative results did not correspond to pinworm collection in 81.3% of anal swab negative cases, when the data from three surveyed communities were amalgamated. These results must come from the principle of anal swab that detect the terminated parasitism. With rare exceptions, the anal swab negative cases harbour relatively fewer number of Enterobius than those of positive cases. And the mean number of E. vermicularis collected from anal swab negative cases was 9.1 whereas the number in anal swab positive cases was 31.5. By analyzing the data on the relationship between bathing interval and anal swab positive conversion, it was assumed that the positive rate of anal swab in a community represent the rate of appearance of gravid female Enterobius vermicularis through anus during approximately past two days prior to examination.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Enterobius vermicularis ; chemotherapy ; pyrantel pamoate ; diagnosis

Ten adult worms of Pharynogostomum cordatum were recovered from a cat instesine purchased in August 1980 at the Namdaemun Market, Seoul, Korea. It is the first case report of cat pharyngostomiasis in Korea.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; case report ; cat ; Pharyngostomum cordatum