The antihypertensive effects of once-daily 15mg dose of tripamide(Normonal(R)) were observed in 30 cases of essential hypertension, and the results were as follows; 1) Mean drop in systolic and diastolic pressure were 30 mmHg and 16 mmHg, respectively. 2) In 76.7% of cases, good or fair control of blood pressure was resulted. 3) There was no significant difference in heart rate before and after treatment. 4) There was no significant difference in serum K, BUN, and FBS before and after treatment. 5) There was no any other side effect which required discontinuing the treatment.
Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension

Bond strength of luting cements to dentin is a critical consideration for success of complete cast crowns. This study was performed to evaluate the relationship between surface characteristics of teeth prepared for complete cast crowns and retention of cemented restorations. Eighty artificial crowns were cast for standardized complete crown tooth preparations accomplished with the use of a special device on recently extracted human teeth. Coarse diamond(#102R, Shofu) and superfine finishing diamond(#SF102R, Shofu) burs of similar shape were used. Crowns in each group were randomly subdivided into four subgroups of 10 for luting cements selected for this study: zinc phosphate cement (FLECK'S), polycarboxylate cement (Poly-F), reinforced glass ionomer cement (Fuji PLUS), and adhesive resin cement (Panavia 21). Retention was evaluated by measuring the tensile load required to dislodge the artificial crown from tooth preparations with an Instron testing machine, and analysed by one-way ANOVA and Student's t-test. The obtained results were as follows ; 1. When tooth preparation was done with coarse diamond bur, retentive force was diminished in order of Panavia 21, Fuji PLUS, FLECK'S, and Poly-F. Retentive forces showed the significant difference between Fuji PLUS group and FLECK'S group(p<0.001). 2. When tooth preparation was done with superfine diamond bur, retentive force was diminished in order of Fuji PLUS, Panavia 21, FLECK'S and Poly-F. Retentive forces showed the significant difference between Panavia 21 group and FLECK'S group(p<0.001). 3. Retentive force in coarse tooth surfaces was significantly higher than that in superfine tooth surface with all luting cements(p<0.001), and cement residues were almost retained with in the cast crown in all groups.
Adhesives ; Crowns* ; Dental Instruments ; Dentin ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Humans ; Polycarboxylate Cement ; Resin Cements ; Tooth Preparation ; Tooth* ; Zinc Phosphate Cement

Background: Fluvastatin is the first entirely synthetic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A(HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor. Clinical data indicate that this agent exhibits the proven efficacy of its class and also has some theoretical advantages in safety for long-term use because of its unique pharmacololgic property consistent with hepatoselectivity(i.e., low systemic exposure). This study is to evaluate efficacy and safety of fluvastatin in hypercholesterolemic patients in Korea. Methods: An open clinical trial with fluvastatin was conducted in 31 subjects who continued to have high blood cholesterol levels of 6.21 mmol/L(240 mg/dl) or greater after 1 month of lipid-lowering diet plus single blind placebo period. Fluvastatin was administered for 8 weeks with the initial dose of 20 mg per day and if serum cholesterol levels did not fall below 5.20 mmol/L(200 mg/dl) after 4 weeks the dose was increased to 40 mg per day for the second 4 weeks. On each visit every 4 weeks they underwent interview and laboratory tests about side effects and tolerability. Results: The mean % changes in plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol from baseline were
Cholesterol ; Creatine Kinase ; Diet ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Korea ; Oxidoreductases ; Plasma ; Sleep Stages ; Triglycerides

Total cholesterol and triglyceride were measured in sera of 40 cases of hypertension, 22 cases of myocardial infarction, 14 cases of cerebral thrombosis, 18 cases of subarachnoidal hemorrhage and 30 cases of normal control in Chungnam national University Hospital from October 1980 to September 1981, and the results are as follows; 1) The mean serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in normal control group are 153.57+/-40.60mg% and 150.82+/-51.76mg%. 2) The age incidence of these diseases were highest in 6th decade. 3) Serum cholesterol levels of myocardial infarction, hypertension, cerebral thrombosis and subarachinoidal hemorrhage group were higher than that of normal control group. 4) Serum triglyceride levels of acute myocardial infarction and hypertension were significantly higher than that of normal control group, but there is only slightly increases in cerebral thrombosis and subarachinoidal hemorrhage. 5) In general, serum lipid levels are higher in cardiovascular diseases(hypertension and myocardial infarction) than cerebrovascular diseases(cerebral thrombosis and subarachnoidal hemorrhage). 6) Serum Cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased by administration of pancreatic mucopolysacharide for 1 or 2 months. In conclusion, it seems that high serum cholesterol and triglyceride level may play and important risk factor in development of hypertension and myocardial infarction.
Cholesterol ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Hemorrhage ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Intracranial Thrombosis ; Myocardial Infarction ; Risk Factors ; Thrombosis ; Triglycerides

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrofluoric acid concentration & etching time on the shear bond strength between IPS Empress 2 ceramic and resin cement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty three rectangular shape ceramic specimens(20x12x5mm size, IPS Empress 2 core materials) were used for this study. The ceramic specimens divided into ten experimental groups with three specimens in each group and were etched with hydrofluoric acid(4%, 9%) according to different etching times(30s, 60s, 90s, 120s, 180s). Etched surfaces of ceramic specimens were bonded with resin cement(Rely X Unicem) using acrylic glass tube. All cemented specimens were tested under shear loading until fracture on universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min and the maximum load at fracture(kg) was recorded. Collected shear bond strength data were analyzed with one way ANOVA and Duncan tests. All etched ceramic surfaces were examined morphologically using SEM(scanning electron microscopy). RESULTS: Shear bond strength of etching group(35.89~68.01 MPa) had four to seven times greater than no-etching group(9.53+/-2.29 MPa). The ceramic specimen etched with 4% hydrofluoric acid for 60s showed the maximum shear bond strength(68.01+/-11.78 MPa). Ceramic surface etched with 4% hydrofluoric acid for 60s showed most retentive surface texture. CONCLUSION: It is considered that 60s etching with 4% hydrofluoric acid is optimal etching methods for IPS Empress 2 ceramic bonding.
Ceramics* ; Glass ; Hydrofluoric Acid* ; Lithium* ; Resin Cements*

Management of unstable angina has evolved progressively. Although coronary angioplasty has recently shown to be relatively safe and effective treatment strategy for unstable angina, aute occlusion due to intracoronary thrombus accumulation during or immediately after coronary angioplasty remains to be one of the most common serious complication of this procedure. Intracoronary urokinase has been used to treat flow-limiting intracoronary thrombus accumulation that complicated initial successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA) in unstable angina patient, which made the patient stablilzed. Thus in patient with flow-limiting intracoronary thrombus accumulation complicating PTCA, intracoronary urokinase proved to be highly effective in restoring vessel patency and preventing acute myocardial infarction. We report a case of successful revascularization with intracoronary infusion of urokinase in patient with intracoronary thrombus accumulation that complicated PTCA.
Angina, Unstable ; Angioplasty ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Thrombosis ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is a rare tumor derived from fetal neuroectodermal cells. These tumors occur in the central nervous system and peripheral locations, but the occurrence of primitive neuroectodermal tumors located in the uterus is extremely rare. We present a 53-year-old woman with primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the uterus confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. We have experienced one case of PNET of the uterus and wish to report with brief review of concerned literature.
Central Nervous System ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neural Plate ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive* ; Uterus*

BACKGROUND: Propofol is a good induction agent. but it has a disadvantage of pain on intravenous injection. Pretreatment of metoclopramide or lidocaine have been reported to reduce pain on injection. thus, we have evaluated the quantity and quality of anagesic effect of metoclopramide and lidocaine. We observed differences in quality of pain according to venous cannula sizes and intravenous injection sites as well as nausea and vomiting in the postoperative state. METHODS: Eighty patients scheduled for an elective operation by general anesthesia were chosen according to ASA (I or II) and divided into four groups randomly. Each group was injected through venous cannulas with normal saline (control group), metoclopramide 5 mg (group 1), metoclopramide 10 mg (group 2), or 2% lidocaine 40 mg (group 3) respectively. Then, propofol was injected of a 2 mg/kg dose with 0.5 ml/sec to all groups and we asked questions about injection pain after 10 seconds. RESULTS: Pain relief was shown in all groups compared with the control. but metoclopramide 10 mg and lidocaine 40 mg pretreatment groups showed significant pain reief. Pain was relieved significantly when the drug was injected in the antecubital area. Postoperative nausea and vomiting were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: Metoclopramide 10 mg or lidocaine 40 mg pretreatment to induction by propofol revealed a good analgesic effect for propofol injection pain.
Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Catheters ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lidocaine ; Metoclopramide* ; Nausea ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Propofol* ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Several studies have indicated that lumbar epidural anesthesia may decrease the incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, particulary after total hip replacement. Moreover venous thromboembolism also occurs after the release of a tourniquet in orthopedic surgery. The d-dimer test has been reported to be useful for predicting lower limb DVT and PE. Of the d-dimer test methods, the latex agglutination method shows excellent sensitivity and specificity. METHODS: We compared the quantity of d-dimer for General (n = 21) and Epidural (n = 20) anesthesia after tourniquet release in patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery. RESULTS: D-dimer significantly increased after tourniquet release in both groups, whereas the increase of d-dimer in the Epidural group was no smaller than that in the General group. Epidural group showed a correlation between tourniquet application and d-dimer. CONCLUSIONS: The present data suggest that DVT and PE after tourniquet release could occur during arthroscopic knee surgery and that epidural anesthesia may increase the fibrinolysis of a tourniquet induced thrombus.
Agglutination ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Anesthesia, General* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Fibrinolysis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee* ; Latex ; Lower Extremity ; Orthopedics ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombosis ; Tourniquets* ; Venous Thromboembolism ; Venous Thrombosis

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: All-ceramic restorations have been advocated for superior esthetics. Various post and core systems have been used to improve the strength of damaged teeth, but it is unclear whether they affect the final shade of finished all-ceramic restorations. PURPOSE: The influence of different types of post and core systems on light transmission through all-ceramic crowns was assessed by spectrophotometric analysis. Also the masking effect of different thickness of ceramic ingot was evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-five sample disks(15mm in diameter) at several thickness(1.0, 1.5, 2.0mm) and value(shade 100, 200, 300) were made in heat pressed ceramic(IPSEmpress). Background specimens simulating gold-alloy cast posts(Type III casting gold alloy), metal posts(Ni-Cr casting alloy) and ceramic posts(CosmoPost) were fabricated. Resin composite(Z250, A3 shade) was used as a tooth substrate reference. For each combination, the change in color was measured with a spectrophotometer. Readings were performed for 2 conditions: (1) ability of ceramic to mask the core in relation to its thickness(1.0, 1.5, or 2.0mm); (2) influence of post and core types on the final color of the ceramic. Data were recorded according to the CIE L*a*b* systems and color difference(delta E) was calculated. RESULTS: 100 shade ingot: when ceramic thickness was 1.0mm, delta E value for ceramic post larger than 1 but delta E value for metal and gold post was larger than 2. For ceramic thickness of 1.5mm, only delta E value for metal was larger than 2, and the other samples' delta E value was smaller than 2. For ceramic thickness of 2.0mm, E values for all specimens was smaller than 2. 200 shade ingot: when ceramic thickness was 1.0mm, delta E value for ceramic post was smaller than 1 but delta E value for metal and gold post was larger than 2. For ceramic thickness of 1.5 mm, only the delta E value for metal was larger than 2, and the other samples' delta E value was smaller than 2. For ceramic thickness of 2.0mm, delta E values for all specimens was smaller than 1. 300 shade ingot: when ceramic thickness was 1.0mm, only delta E value for metal was larger than 2 and the other samples' delta E value was smaller than 2. For ceramic thickness of 1.5mm, delta E values for all specimens was smaller than 1. For ceramic thickness of 2.0mm, delta E values for all specimens was smaller than 1. CONCLUSION: The final esthetic result of the IPS-Empress glass-ceramic restoration was not affected by the presence of different core materials when the thickness was more than 2.0 mm. When ceramic thickness decreases to 1.5mm, it is advised to take the substrate aspects into consideration. If the ceramic thickness is less than 1.0mm, using the tooth color matched substrate is strongly recommended.
Ceramics ; Crowns* ; Esthetics ; Hot Temperature ; Masks ; Reading ; Tooth