Gastric lesion in familial polyposis coli is commonly presented with fundic gland hyperplastic polyps, but duodenal and gastric adenomas together with their carcinomatous transformation have been rarely described in familial polyposis coli mostly by case reports. We present three cases of gastric adenomas in familial polyposis coli with one in synchronous development of gastric adenocarcinoma in Korea. All three cases had the family history related to familial polyosis coli and received proctocolectomy because of synchronous development of colonic adenocarcinoma. One patient developed gastric polyposis and adenocarcinoma 8 years after colectomy, and the remaining two presented with multiple polyps either in the stomach or duodenum synchronously at the time of the diagnosis of familial polyposis coli with colonic adenocarcinoma. None disclosed any evidence of Gardner's syndrome. We conclude that association of gastric adenomas in familial oplyposis coli is not uncommon and gastric adenoma-carcinoma sequence is an another important participating mechanism to understand the histogenesis of gastric carcinoma in Korea.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma

No abstract available.
Adaptation, Psychological* ; Conversion Disorder* ; Somatoform Disorders*

No abstract available.
Adaptation, Psychological* ; Conversion Disorder* ; Somatoform Disorders*

Astrocytes are the most numerous cellular elements in the cerebrum, and they normally have a very slow turnover rate. But during regeneration after injury, they proliferate markedly resulting in astrogliosis. The extracellular matrix in the central nervous system is present in the vessel walls and in the external glia limitans as a basal lamina. The presence of an intact extracellular matrix framework is important in regeneration after injury. Understanding the properties of astrocytic proliferation will be helpful to find out new treatment for functional recovery in the central nervous system. In this study, after cryogenic injury was performed on the cerebral cortex in rats, changes in astrocytes and the extracellular matrix were observed using light microscopy, immunohistochemical stain for glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP), proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), fibronectin, laminin, and type IV collagen, autoradiography and electron microscopy. The results were as follows; 1) The coagulative necrosis, which followed cryogenic injury on the cerebral cortex was healed, forming a new pia mater above the lesion. 2) Some of the PCNA positive cells were astrocytes and some of the GFAP positive cells showed a positive reaction to PCNA. 3) Proliferating astrocytes labelled by autoradiography or immunohistochemical stain for PCNA reached maximal numbers 3days after the injury and they were no longer found 2 weeks after injury. 4) In autoradiography with immunohistochemical stain for GFAP, about 1% of GFAP positive astrocytes were labelled by autoradiography and in double immunohistochemical stain for PCNA and GFAP, about 8-16% of GFAP positive astrocytes were also stained by PCNA. 5) In immunohistochemical stain for fibronectin, laminin and type IV collagen, laminin and type IV collagen were present in the newly formed blood vessel walls and fibronectin showed a diffuse positive reaction within the lesion. The new pia mater was formed within 2 weeks after the injury. 6) On electron microscopic examination, basal lamina material was found in the vessel wall 1 week after the injury and at 2 weeks, a nearly complete and continuous basal lamina was formed although the thickness was uneven. According to these findings, astrocytes in the cerebral cortex of adult rats proliferate very early in the regenerative period after cryogenic injury. At 2 weeks after the injury, this regeneration ceases and the damaged basal lamina of pia mater and vessel wall were reconstituted.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Rats ; Animals

Microvascular anastomosis has become an essential technique in reconstructive surgery. A lot of techniques have been developed to improve patency rate and reduce operation time. But interrupted suture technique is still most widely used because of limited indication and inconvenience of other methods. A comparative study was undertaken to evaluate new microvasular anastomosis technique using fibrin glue. In this report 40 femoral arteries of Sprague-Dawley rats were anastomosed by utilizing four stay sutures which were placed 90 degrees apart and the intervals covered with fibrin glue, and by conventional eight suture method served as control. The patency rate(immediate postoperative, postoperative two weeks), time needed for vascular anastomosis, and microscopic evaluation were compared to those of conventional microvascular suture technique. Postoperative patency rate was 100% and 85% by fibrin glue technique compared to 100% and 90% by conventional technique at immediate postoperative and postoperative two weeks. Less time consumed with fibrin glue technique by 16 minutes compared to conventional technique by 21 minutes. Microscopically reendothelization was complete with smooth and less injured inner lining and also less inflammatory response by fibrin glue technique compared to conventional technique.
Femoral Artery ; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive* ; Fibrin* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures

Recent advances in cell culture and tissue engineering permit the successful treatment of deep articular defects with autologous chondrocyte transplantation. While chondrocyte culturing from articular cartilage is commonplace, in vitro growth of chondrocytes from temporomandibular joint fibrocartilage has not been defined. Likewise, the concept of autologous chondrocyte transplantation has not been applied to the temporomandibular joint. Since fibrocartilage differs structurally and functionally from articular cartilage, an effective culturing method for this tissue is essential as well. The ultimate goal of this project is to enable the use of autologous temporomandibular joint chondrocyte transplantation for the regeneration of damaged or missing components of the joint. The aim of this pilot study is to develop an effective cell culturing technique for chondrocytes harvested from the temporomandibular joint disc of dogs. Cartilage of the temporomandibular joint disc of drug-free mongrel dogs was dissected, dissociated, and centrifuged for chondrocyte collection. Blood specimen was collected from the same animal to produce the autologous serum. Chondrocytes were then dispersed in 24-well plates and incubated in one of four media, DMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium), Ham's F-12, DMEM/F-12, or Iscove's MDM(modified Dulbecco's medium). Each medium was also mixed with either 10% fetal bovine serum or 10% autologous serum. Temporomandibular joint disc chondrocytic proliferation was tested in all the culture media with sera on the fifth day. The initial plating count was held constant throughout at 1 x 10(4) cells/well and eight samples were evaluated in each culture. The results demonstrated that fetal bovine serum worked much better than autologous serum in all evaluated media and that DMEM/F-12 mixed with 10% fetal bovine serum was the most optimal culture condition for expansion of temporomandibular joint disc chondrocytes.
Animals ; Cartilage ; Cartilage, Articular ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Chondrocytes ; Culture Media ; Dogs ; Fibrocartilage ; Joints ; Pilot Projects ; Regeneration ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc* ; Temporomandibular Joint* ; Tissue Engineering

It has been claimed that CNS lymphoma, a rare neoplasm accounting for only a small fraction of malignant brain tumors, occurs with increasing frequency in immunologically normal as well as immunocompromised individuals. We investigated the prognostic value of Ki-67 index, p53, and bcl-2 oncoprotein expression in relation to the clinicopathological parameters in the primary CNS lymphoma patients. The tumors were graded by Kiel classification and the Working formulation and included 33 high-grade, 4 intermediate-grade, and 5 low-grade lymphomas. The phenotype was determined in 38 cases: 30 were B cell type and 8 were T cell type. All cases displayed variable degrees of nuclear Ki-67 staining from 1.0% to 92.0% (mean 51.1%). A highly significant correlation was established between the proportion of Ki-67 positive cells and the classification into grades (p=0.0002) and phenotypes (p=0.0002). Overexpression of p53 and bcl-2 protein was found in 37.1% and 51.4% of 35 patients, respectively. And p53 expression was significantly increased in B cell type (p=0.02). On Kaplan-Meier survival curve, the phenotype, grade of tumors, and p53 and bcl-2 protein expression were not correlated with overall survival. On multivariate analyses, overall survival was independently influenced by Ki-67 index. In conclusion, it is suggested that Ki-67 proliferating index is the most important marker for predicting biologic behavior of the primary CNS lymphoma.
Brain Neoplasms ; Central Nervous System* ; Classification ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Multivariate Analysis ; Phenotype

Ovarian carcinoma is a serious disease in women. Some reports revealed all-trans-retinoic acid (tRA) inhibited the proliferation of ovarian carcinoma cell lines and induced apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer and apoptotic effects of tRA and the expression of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) alpha, beta, gamma, p53, bcl-2, and c-myc genes on the ovarian carcinoma cell lines, NIH OVCAR3 and SKOV3. In both cell lines, the proliferation of tumor cells was inhibited and characteristic morphologic patterns of apoptosis were shown after treatment of tRA. The number of apoptotic cells and the percentage of apoptosis were increased after treatment of tRA. The gel electrophoresis revealed the DNA ladder pattern in the NIH OVCAR3. Gene expressions were observed using northern blotting. There was no RARalpha expression in both cell lines. In NIH OVCAR3, there was no changes in the expression of RARbeta and bcl-2 gene. The RARgamma gene expression of tRA treated group was slightly increased, but p53 gene expression was decreased, and c-myc gene was not expressed. In SKOV3, the expressions of RARbeta, gamma, and p53 genes were increased and that of bcl-2 was decreased in the tRA treated group. There was no change in c-myc gene expression. These results suggest tRA has anticancer and apoptotic effect on both ovarian carcinoma cell lines. RARbeta, RARgamma, bcl-2, and p53 gene expressions were correlated with these effects of tRA on SKOV3 but not on NIH OVCAR3.
Apoptosis* ; Blotting, Northern ; Cell Line* ; DNA ; Electrophoresis ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Genes, bcl-2 ; Genes, myc ; Genes, p53 ; Humans* ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; Tretinoin*

There had been a continuous evolution of lymphoma classification and recently a Revised European-American Lymphoma Classification was proposed by the International Lymphoma Study Group. This new classification often requires information on immunophenotypic and molecular biologic markers in addition to the usual histologic findings. Recent advances in the production of commercially available monoclonal antibodies reactive on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues provide us a great help to classify the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We have analyzed 31 low grade B-cell lymphomas by the schemes proposed by the International Lymphoma Study Group using antibodies to CD3, CD5, CD20, CD23, CD43, cyclin D1, and bcl-2 protein, and have analyzed the immunophenotypic features. Among 31 low grade B-cell lymphomas, 8 small lymphocytic lymphomas, 5 mantle cell lymphomas, 7 follicle center lymphomas (2 grade I, 3 grade II, and 2 grade III), and 11 marginal zone B-cell lymphomas (all of which were extranodal) were identified. Among 8 small lymphocytic lymphomas, 5 cases were positive for CD5; 6 cases were positive for CD23; 7 cases were positive for CD43; all 8 cases were negative for cyclin D1; and 7 cases were positive for bcl-2. Among 5 mantle cell lymphomas, 4 cases were positive for CD5 and CD43; all five cases were negative for CD23; 4 cases were positive for cyclin D1 and bcl-2. All 7 follicle center lymphomas were negative for CD5, CD43 and cyclin D1 and 2 cases were positive for CD23; and 6 cases were positive for bcl-2. All marginal zone B-cell lymphomas were negative for CD5, CD23 and cyclin D1; 3 cases were positive for CD43 and 9 cases were positive for bcl-2. Diagnostic utility for CD5 antigen detection on paraffin embedded tissue has a limitation due to weak antigen expression in tumor cells of B-cell lymphomas; however, still be useful in differentiating small lymphocytic lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma from other B-cell lymphomas when applied in conjunction with CD43. CD23, CD43, and cyclin D1 appear to be of great help in differentiating subgroups of low grade B-cell lymphomas. Bcl-2, as known, is found to be useful to rule out reactive follicular hyperplasia.
Antibodies ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, CD5 ; B-Lymphocytes* ; Biomarkers ; Classification ; Cyclin D1 ; Hyperplasia ; Immunohistochemistry* ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Paraffin*

It is well-known that the infection of bone and joints could produce the shortening by destroying the articuiar cartilage and growth plate, or the lengthening hy increased hlood circulation to the epiphyseal and metaphyseal regions of long bone. Since 1985, we have treated total l7 cases of children s pyogenic or tuberculous children s knee with early arthrotomy and continuous irrigation etc. and followed their long hone growth for average 53 months after surgical intervention. Five patients (group I ) were early treated within 2 weeks and twelve patients(group 3 ) were delayed to treat their knees for more than 2 weeks of symptom development. Total 11 patients out of 17 cases(64.7%) (2 cases of group 1 pyogenic arthritis, and 1 case of group l and 8 cases of group II tuberculous arthritis) revealed growth acceleration. Femoral lengthening was much more greater than that of tibial growth, and the size of patella, distal femoral and proximal tibial epiphysis which were measured by computerized digitizer were also significantly larger than that of opposite knee. The total limb length was increased hy average 7mm in 6 months, l4mm in 1 year and 3mm in 2 years after operation. These results suggest the pyogenic and tuberculous arthritis in children s knee should he treated as early as possible after symptoms developed, and followed them to trace their limh inequality for at least 2 years after surgery. That means the early arthrotomy for tuberculous knee or even in pyogenic arthritis can preserve normal articular cartilage and can also prevent the early epiphyseal closure hy infection. and can get the limh lengthening by increased blood circulation around the knee joint.
Acceleration ; Arthritis ; Blood Circulation ; Cartilage ; Cartilage, Articular ; Child* ; Epiphyses ; Extremities ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Lower Extremity* ; Patella ; Socioeconomic Factors