The experimental study was performed to evaluate the microvascular changes in post irradiation injury of small intestine. With a total of 28 rats, 24 rats were irradiated on right upper quadrant of abdomen with a single dose of 2000 rads and each group of 4 rats were followed up in 1,2,4,5,12, and 16 weeks and remaining 4 rats were used for normal control group. Evaluation of the microvascular changes were done by observing both microangiographic and histopathologic findings in groups of each follow-up week. The results were as follows; 1. The main microangiographic findings were stretching and diffuse narrowing of vessels and extravasation of microbarium in post-irradiation 1-4 weeks, and focal narrowing and dilatation, irregular branching pattern and tortuosity of vessesl in in post-irradiation 8-16 weeks. Poor opacification of capillary network was continuously observed in all follow-up period. 2. The degree of vascular tortuosity in microangiography was consistent with the degree of vascular wall thickening in histopathology. 3. It is inferred that results in this experimental study with microangiography can be used as a guide line for further studies of post-irradiation injury of small intestine.
Abdomen ; Animals ; Capillaries ; Dilatation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Intestine, Small ; Radiation Injuries ; Rats

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Parturition*

Synovial sarcoma is comparatively uncommon and highly malignant tumor, which usually arises in proximity to a joint and may affect the adjacent bones. Occurence in finger and severe bony involvement are rare. We present a case of synovial sarcoma of the thumb, because the tumor arose in an unusual site and was characterized by severe bony destruction.
Fingers ; Joints ; Sarcoma, Synovial ; Thumb

No abstract available.
Gastroenteritis* ; Humans* ; Rotavirus*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Rhinitis* ; Skin Tests* ; Skin*

No abstract available.
Methotrexate* ; Skin*

Proliferative activity of a malignant tumor is known to reflect its biological aggressiveness. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a marker of cellular proliferation, and silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) have been shown to correlate with ploidy and proliferative activity of cells. In transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis, the prognostic value of these markers has not been well defined. We studied PCNA expression and the AgNORs count in 22 transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis to assess their prognostic significance compared with their cumulative survival rate, the stage of disease and histopathologic features of the tumors. An immunohistochemical method and a standard colloidal silver staining were used. The mean percentage of PCNA positivity (PCNA index) and the mean number of AgNORs per nucleus (AgNORs score) were determined. In a multivariable analysis, PCNA indexes were significantly associated with tumor stage (p=0.024), whereas AgNORs scores were not significantly associated with the stage or histopatholgic features of the tumors. Histologic grade was correlated to disease stage at a significant level (p=0.000). But there was a trend of low tumor PCNA-indices or AgNORs counts with survival advantage for patients, but this did not reach statistical significance. The results suggest that the fraction of PCNA positive nuclei would be useful for investigating the malignant potential of renal pelvic cancers, although their clinical use as markers of biologic behavior may be limited.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Cell Proliferation ; Colloids ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Pelvis* ; Nucleolus Organizer Region ; Pelvic Neoplasms ; Ploidies ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Silver Staining ; Survival Rate

Chronic diarrhea in children is a common problem with numerous causes. Although most of these causes are benign, critical illness may present as chronic diarrhea. In a patient of chronic diarrhea, gastrointestinal infections are the most common causes in children of all ages and antibiotics may cause chronic diarrhea by altering intestinal microflora, which can result in the emergence of bacterial overgrowth. Overgrowth of Clostridium difficile may cause pseudomembranous colitis. We experienced 25-month-old boy who suffered from chronic diarrhea and partially treated with antibiotics irregularly. Colonoscopic findings of this child showed multiple plaques with white to yellowish exudate which adhere to the mucosal surface of a variable length of rectum. Histollogically, each plaque comprised a pseudomembrane of mucous debris, inflammatory cells, and exudate overlying groups of partially disrupted glands. A latex agglutination test on patient's stool was positive to toxin A of Clostridium difficile. He was recovered after stopping the antibiotics he has been prescribed, and being given vancomycin for 2 weeks. We report this case with brief review of literature.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Clostridium difficile ; Critical Illness ; Diarrhea* ; Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous* ; Exudates and Transudates ; Humans ; Latex Fixation Tests ; Male ; Rectum ; Vancomycin

To evaluate the radiographic characteristics of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) and useful parameter for predicting mechanical stability, we retrospectively analysed 26 plain radiographic examinations and seven MR imagings in 28 cases of OCD in 24 patients. Typical radiologic findings were osteochondral defect with sclerotic rim of variable thickeness and osteochondral fragment. Sites of osteochondral defect were medial (35.9%) or lateral (32%) femoral chondyle and medial (7.1%) or lateral (25%) side of talar dome. Sclerotic rim was seen in 24 cases (85%) and osteochondral fragments including nine loose bodies were seen in 21 cases (75%). The size of osteochondral defect with unstable fragment (average 2.05cm) and loose body (2.04cm) in the knee joint were similar to, but statistically larger than that with stable fragment (1.35cm). All osteochondral defects were well visualized on MR images. Abnormalities of articular cartilage and effusion in the interface between the parent bone and fragment were seem in five cases of which there were confirmed three unstable cases arthroscopically. We conclude that size of defect may be a good parameter for predicting mechanical stability and MRI may be useful in the diagnosis of OCD and determining the methods of treatment.
Cartilage, Articular ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Osteochondritis Dissecans* ; Osteochondritis* ; Parents ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Diazepam* ; Seizures, Febrile*