No abstract available.
Benztropine* ; Haloperidol* ; Saliva*

BACKGROUND: The high level of susceptibility of patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) to septicemic infection is thought to be due to decreased reticuloendothelial function and irnpairment of several components of cell mediated and humoral immunity. It is well known that LC may cause many characteristic skin changes including jaundice, spider angioma, palmar erythema, xanthelasrna and nail changes such as clubbing and white nails. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: During a 7 month period frorn April to October 1995, 100 patients who had been diagnosed as having LC were evaluated for the duration of their LC, the associated diseases they had apart from LC and various skin manifestations. Also, we performed the tuberculin test in 20 patients with LC and evaluated the correlation of the tuberculin test with severity of LC divided into 3 groups according to the Childs classification. RESULTS: The results are summarized as follows ; 1. The most frequent duration of LC was under 5 years (74%). 2. The most common associated disease of patients with LC was upper GI bleeding including esophageal varix (24 cases). Also, diabetes mellitus (13 cases) and hepatic coma (11 cases) were observed. 3. Jaundice (82 cases) was the most frequent skin rnanifestation of patients with LC. In addition, vascular changes (81 cases) and various nail changes (69 cases) were observed. Onychomychosis was the most common nail change of patients with LC. 4. 60% of the patients who were given the tuberculin test showed anergy, and the frequency of anergy increased in proport on to the severity of LC. However, it was not significant statistically (p> 0.05 ). CONCLUSIONS: Some of the skin manifestations help in the diagnosis of LC. Also, increased frequency of tuberculin test anergy in proportion to the severity of LC is thought to be related to decreased cell mediated immunity, although statistically it is not significant.
Child ; Classification ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnosis ; Erythema ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Hemangioma ; Hemorrhage ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunity, Humoral ; Jaundice ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver* ; Skin Manifestations* ; Skin* ; Spiders ; Tuberculin Test

BACKGROUND: Generally, there are few problems in the diagnosis of Paget's disease(PD) using the H&E stain. However, the differentiation of PD from the clonal type of Bowens disease and superficial spreading melanoma in situ that shows pagetoid spreading of tumor cells, may present diagnostic difficulties. In addition, the specia1 stains used for demonstrating the presenee of Pagets cells, such as PAS and mucicarmim, are non-specific and not always sensitive. So, inenunohistochemical stains with monoclonal antibodies against various antigens may be helpful for differentiating PD from ather morphologically similar skin lesions. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of immunohisto- chemical staining for diagnostic use in PD. METHODS: Immunohistochemical stains used in the biotin streptavidin amplificxl technique with monoclonal antibodies to several low rnolecular weight cytokeratin(CK)s, EMA and CEA, were performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. Twelve cases of PD(10 cases of extranmmmary PD and 2 cases of mammary PD), five cases of superficial spreading melanoma in situ and five cases of Bowens disease were investigated. RESULTS: The results were as follows. 1. Positive reactions with variable intensity using CK7, CKS, CK19 were seen in all cases(100%) of PD and the. staining intensity tor CK7 or CK19 was stronger than that of CKS. 2. Of the 12 cases of PD, both CK18 and CAM5.2 staining showed positivity in 11 cases(92%). 3. EMA and CEA staining showed positivity in 10(83%) and 9(75%) of 12 cases, respectively. 4. Some Pagets cells were negative for CK8, CK18 and EMA, although other positive cells were observed in the same sections. 5. All antigens were consistently negative in all cases of Bowens disease and superficial spreading melanoma in situ. CONCLUSION: The results show that moaoclonal antibodies to low molecular weight CKs are more sensitive than EMA or CEA in the demonstration of Pagets cells. Moreover, among the low molecular weight CK series, CK7 and CK19 are most useful for their high sensitivity and intensity.
Antibodies ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Biotin ; Bowen's Disease ; Coloring Agents ; Diagnosis ; Melanoma ; Molecular Weight ; Skin ; Streptavidin

Infantile myofibromatosis is an uncornmon, benign, self-limiting, localized or generalized process, probably of hamartomatous origin, which consists to a large degree of cells having the characteristics of myofibroblasts and sometimes of pericytes. Both solitary and multicentric forms occur. Most lesions are present at birth or in early infancy, and some are familial in origin. A female newborn presented with a firm, round, red colored, 3 x 3 cm sized tumor with central necrosis on the left chest. Histological examination revealed well-circumscribed nodules consisting of short bundles of plump, spindle shaped cells displaying staining characteristics intermediate between fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. The tumor was immunoreactive for actin but did not stain for desmin. A Follow-up examination at the age of 3 months revealed a moderate degree of spontaneous regressior of the lesion.
Actins ; Desmin ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Myofibroblasts ; Myofibromatosis* ; Necrosis ; Parturition ; Pericytes ; Thorax

This study was intended to analyze the relation between the psychic traumatic experience and the psychological health of the aged. The authors carried out this study by means of the combined anxiety-depression scale (CADS) and the preadolescence traumatic experience scale (PTES) with 278 aged men and women residing in Taegu from September to October 1988. The results were as follows: 1. Based on the scores evaluated by CADS, the scores of the both groups showed that comparative group was accounted for 40.15±6.19, while the experimental group for 57.75±6.37, which showed significantly higher score in the experimental group (p<0.001). 2. The experimental group showed significantly higher early experience score than the comparative group in the dietary difficulty, alcoholism among family members, disunion between husband and wife, trouble between mother and children, early mother loss, parent's indifference and unwanted birth (p<0.001). 3. The experimental group showed higher early experience score than the comparative group by sex, age, marital status and grown location (p<0.001). 4. When the subjects were included in the unemployed and in the middle or low classes and their parents were engaged in agriculture and commercial business and believing in buddhism or no-religion, showed higher experience score (p<0.001).
Aged* ; Agriculture ; Alcoholism ; Buddhism ; Child ; Child, Unwanted ; Commerce ; Daegu ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Marital Status ; Mental Health* ; Mothers ; Parents ; Spouses

The authors studied obsession, using Derogatis'SCL-90, and lie tendency using MMPI, in the subjects of 2586 male and 1206 female college freshmen of Yeungnam University. The authors collected the reports of self-rating Obsession scale and Lie scale during the periods from January to February, 1988, and applied ANOVA and t-test on obsession and lie scores in order to compare than between various psychosocial factor, and sexes. The results as follows: 1. There was not significant difference in the mean average of total obsession scores between male and female students: male students scored 10.26±5.21 m female students scored 10.54±5.01. 2. High scored items were doubting, indecisiveness, inattention, obsessive thoughts and preoccupation with accuracy. 3. 37 male students (1.4%) showed high obsession scores of 25 or higher, while 9 female students (0.7%) showed the same scores. 4. There was strong tendency toward higher obsession scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their home atmosphere, college, department and familiarity of parents and those who had pessimistic view of self in the past, present of future in both group (respectively P<0.001). The male students who attended the department of fine arts, who grew at the Up& Whose educational fees were paid by brothers & sisters showed higher level of obsession scores (respectively P<0.05, P<0.05, P<0.01). The female students who grew at the Myun & who were self-cook showed higher level of obsession scores (respectively P<0.05). 5. There was not significant difference in the mean averages of total lie scores between male and female students: male students scored 4.73±2.49, female students scored 4.70±2.16. 6. High scored items were NO. 14, 8, 11, 9 and 1 in the table 6. 7. 98 male students (3.7%) showed high lie scores of 70 or high, while 27 female students (2.2%) showed the same scores. 8. There was strong tendency toward higher lie scores in the students who were satisfied with their home atmosphere, college, department and familiarity of parents and those who had optimistic view of self in the past, present or future in both group(respectively P<0.001). The students who attended the department of pharmacy, music, evening programs showed higher level of lie scores (P<0.05).
Atmosphere ; Fees and Charges ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; MMPI ; Music ; Obsessive Behavior ; Parents ; Pharmacy ; Psychology ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Siblings

BACKGROUND: We assessed the effectiveness of arthroscopic capsular release for the treatment of adhesive capsulitis. Further, we tried to ascertain the clinical benefits, if any, of pancapsular release over selective capsular release, where the two differ by performing or not performing a posterior capsular release, respectively. METHODS: Thirty-five consecutive patients with either primary or secondary adhesive capsulitis who failed conservative treatment for more than 6 months were enrolled in the study. A total of 16 patients allocated in group 1 received a pancapsular release that comprises the release of the rotator interval, anteroinferior capsular, and the posterior capsular release, whereas 19 patients in group 2 received a selective capsular release that comprises only the release of the rotator interval release and anteroinferior capsular release. The clinical outcomes, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Constant score, and range of motion, were assessed preoperative and postoperatively. RESULTS: In both groups, the preoperative VAS score, Constant score, and ROM showed a significant improvement by the 6-month follow-up. We found that the immediate postoperative internal rotation was significantly higher in group 1 than group 2. Despite significant differences seen between the two groups at the initial postoperative period, there were no significant differences in Constant score, VAS score, and the ROM at all the subsequent follow-ups between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic capsular release for the treatment of adhesive capsulitis is very effective. However, pancapsular release did not show any advantage over selective capsular release in terms of overall clinical outcome.
Bursitis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joint Capsule Release* ; Postoperative Period ; Range of Motion, Articular

Using Zung's self-rating depression scale, the authors studied depression in 310 elderlies residing in the 9 home for the aged (HFA) in Kyungbuk area, and 234 elderlies living in Taegu city and 107 elderlies attending a Life-long education program in Taegu, which serve as a control group, Community resident elderlies (CRE). The research had been administered during the period from June to August, 1986. The results were as follows: 1. The mean scores of male, female, and the total of the elderlies in HFA were 38.95±11.55, 44.18±14.15, and 42.8±13.7 respectively while CRE marked 40.8±11.3 for male, 45.2±12.0 for female, and 43.4±11.9 for the total. Therefore there were significant differences between male and female in both groups (<0.01, p<0.001), though no significant difference between the two groups. However, the depression score of elderlies in HFA might be much higher than that of CRE if 81 elderlies (14.2%) in HFA who had been left out of the statistical evaluation due to their having severe depression, organic brain syndrome, or pseudoementia, etc had been included. 2. The score distribution by items for the elderlies in HFA were from highest scores hopelessness, worthlessness, emptiness, decreased appetite, confusion, while for CRE, hopelessness, decreased appetite, psychomotor retardation, indecisiveness, and worthlessness, Elderlies in HFA showed significantly high scores in depressed mood, weight loss, suicidal rumination (ideation) and psychomotor excitement, while CRE showed significantly high scores in decreased appetite, psychomotor retardation, indecisiveness, and dissatisfaction. 3. Elderlies who scored over 50 numbered 10 males (16%), 57 females (34%), and total of 67 (29%) in HFA and 28 male (21%), 77 females (37%), and total of 105 (31%) in CRE: female showed higher seores in both groups. 4. Psychococial factors such as getting older (respectively p<0.01, p<0.01), being Buddhist (respectively p<0.01, p<0.01), and monthly pocket money less than ₩30,000 (respectively p<0.001, p<0.001) were found to have a noticeable impact on the depression level of the elderlies in both groups. Factors such as illiteracy (p<0.001), monthly pocket money less than ₩10,000 (p<0.05), and having no family (p<0.01) recorded significantly higher scores among CRE than the elderlies in HFA.
Appetite ; Brain ; Daegu ; Depression* ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Literacy ; Male ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Weight Loss

The authors studied the mental health status of the 1989 freshmen of Yeungnam University using the psychotic scale of Derogatis SCL0-90, Zung anxiety and depression scale and MMPI from January 1988 to February 1988. The subjects of this study were contained 3792 students (1206 female, 2586 male). 392 students (10.3%), out of all respondents were screened to fall on high score ranges. The authors performed a second test to 156(39.8% 47 female (30.1%), 109 male (69.9%) of the high-scored in order to clarify their mental health status and analyze various psychosocial factors; using MMPI. The MMPI results were categorized with Lachar's classification. The results were as follows: 1. By the MMPI scores, 24 respondents (15.4%) had neurotic trends, 20 (12.8%) had psychotic trends and 7 (4.5%) had trends of behavior disorder. It was about 1.4% of all 3792 freshmen. 2. On the close examination of the MMPI, 8 respondents were diagnosed for affect disorder, 6 for anxiety disorder, 9 for schizophrenia and 3 for personality disorder. It was 0.7% of all freshmen. 3. One the analysis of the psychosocial factors, the schizophrenic scores were high in the case of unsatisfy in family atmosphere, unsatisfy in marital intimacy of parents, serious in conflicts between father and I, and serious in conflicts between mother and I. 4. The hypochondriacal scores were high in the case of weak in physical condition, having hospitalization experience and physical illness.
Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders ; Atmosphere ; Classification ; Depression ; Fathers ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health ; MMPI* ; Mothers ; Parents ; Personality Disorders ; Psychology ; Schizophrenia ; Surveys and Questionnaires

In general, the long head of the biceps brachii originates from the superior glenoid labrum and the supraglenoid tubercle, crosses the rotator cuff interval, and extends into the bicipital groove. However, rare anatomic variations of the origins of the long head have been reported in the past. In this report, we review the clinical history, radiologic findings, and arthroscopic identifications of 3 anatomic variants of the biceps tendon long head. As the detection of long head of biceps tendon pathology during preoperative radiologic assessment can be difficult without prior knowledge, surgeons should be aware of such possible anatomic variations.
Anatomic Variation ; Head* ; Pathology ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder ; Tendons