Liver abscess in children is rare in developed countries; the incidence is 25 per 100,000 admissions in USA. Common complications are pleural effusion, empyema, pneumonitis, hepatopleural or hepatobronchial fistula, intraperitoneal or intrapericardiac rupture, septic shock, cerebral amebiasis, etc. These complications may lead to death if the management is delayed. However, recent management results in a mortality of less than 15%. We report a case of liver abscess in a child. He manifested with fever and abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant. On computerized tomography scans, multiple cystic lesions were seen in both lobes of the liver and were 5 to 55 mm in size. In laboratory findings, neutrophilic leukocytosis, peripheral eosinophila, elevated values of ESR, C-reactive protein, and elevated serum AST, ALT, ALP and GGT were detected. Furthermore, we determined the organisms in the blood culture and serum. Blood culture was positive for Streptococcus spp., and amebic indirect hemagglutination antibody titer was increased to 1:512.
Abdominal Pain ; Abscess ; Amebiasis ; C-Reactive Protein ; Child ; Empyema ; Fever ; Fistula ; Hemagglutination ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukocytosis ; Liver ; Liver Abscess ; Neutrophils ; Pleural Effusion ; Pneumonia ; Rupture ; Shock, Septic ; Streptococcus

PURPOSE: To evaluate neurotoxic effects induced by oxygen-radicals, which were generated by adding xanthine oxidase(XO) and hypoxanthine(HX), and protective effects of glutamate receptor antagonist such as MK-801 and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline(CNQX). METHODS: Dissociated cell cultures were prepared from cerebrum of neonatal mouse. Tissues were dissected and diced into small pieces in phosphate buffered saline and were incubated at 37degrees C. Isolated cells were resuspended in Eagle's minimum essential medium and plated poly-L-lysine coated plastic coverslips in 96 well multichambers at a cell density of 3x105 cells/well. Cells were grown in a 5% CO2/95% air atmosphere at 37degrees C. Cytotoxic effects were examined in cerebral cortical neurons cultured for 3 hours in media containing various concentration of XO and HX. The protective effects of glutamate receptor antagonist were also examined by MTT assay and neurofilament enzymeimmunoassay(EIA). Microscopic examinations were also done. RESULTS: Oxygen radicals markedly induced decrement of the cell viability of cultured mouse cerebral cortical neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Midpoint cytotoxicity value was 30mU/ml XO/0.1mM HX, when mouse cerebral cortical neurons were incubated for 3 hours with various concentrations of XO and HX. The number of cells and neurites was decreased when cerebral cortical neurons were cultured for 3 hours in a medium containing 30mU/ml XO/0.1mM HX. MK- 801 was very effective in blocking oxidant-induced neurotoxicity, while CNQX falied to show any protective effect in these cultures. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that oxygen radicals are neurotoxic, and selective N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists such as MK-801 are very effective in protecting neurotoxicity induced by oxygen radicals in cultured cerebral cortical neurons of neonatal mouse.
6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione ; Animals ; Anoxia ; Atmosphere ; Cell Count ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Survival ; Cerebrum ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists* ; Glutamic Acid* ; Ischemia ; Mice* ; N-Methylaspartate ; Neurites ; Neurons* ; Oxidative Stress* ; Plastics ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Receptors, Glutamate* ; Xanthine

Hobnail hemangioma(HH) is a benign acquired vascular tumor of endothelial origin which should be differentiated from other malignant vascular neoplasm such as Kaposi's sarcoma or angiosarcoma. We report a case of hobnail hemangioma in a 21-year-old woman who had a dusky-red patch on her left shin. Histologically, ectatic vascular channels with a single layer of plumped endothelial cells were seen and the vascular channels seemed to dissect the collagen bundles. She underwent treatment with surgical excision with primary closure.
Collagen ; Endothelial Cells ; Female ; Hemangioma* ; Hemangiosarcoma ; Humans ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; Vascular Neoplasms ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

PURPOSE: In order to elucidate the neurotoxic mechanism of oxygen radicals which are pathological factor of ischemia, we evaluated the oxidant-induced neurotoxicity and the neuroprotective effect of antioxidant on cultured cerebral neurons derived from neonatal mouse. METHODS: Neurotoxic effect was investigated after cultured mouse neuronal cells were exposed to oxygen radicals which were generated enzymatically by reaction of xanthine oxidase (XO) and hypoxanthine (HX). And also the neuroprotective effect of antioxidant was assessed with catalase. Both effects determined by cell viability were assessesd by MTT assay and neurofilament enzymeimmuno assay (EIA). In order to see the histologic change microscopic exam also done on the cerebral neuronal cells. RESULTS: 1) Oxygen radicals were toxic on cultured mouse cerebral neurons in dose- and time-dependent manner. 2) The value of lethal concentration50 (LC50) of oxygen radicals was estimated at a concentration of 25mU/ml xanthine oxidase (XO) and 0.2mM hypoxanthine (HX) in these culture. 3) Catalase was effective in blocking the neurotoxicity induced by oxygen radicals at a concentration of 50ug/ml. 4) Oxygen radicals induced the decrease of cell number and the loss of neurites in cultured mouse cerebral neurons. CONCLUSION: It is suggest that oxygen radicals cause the neurotoxicity and the selective antioxidants such as catalase are very effective in blocking oxidant-mediated neurotoxicity on cultured cerebral neurons of neonatal mouse.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; Catalase ; Cell Count ; Cell Survival ; Hypoxanthine ; Ischemia ; Mice* ; Neurites ; Neurons* ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Oxygen* ; Reactive Oxygen Species* ; Xanthine Oxidase

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the role of renal ultrasonography in neonates with isolated preauricular tags. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 10,997 newborn infants delivered from January 1995 to June 2003 in Wonkwang University Hospital. Nineteen newborns born with isolated preauricular tags were assessed for renal anomalies by performing renal ultrasonography within one week after birth. The study group was compared with a control group of 25 healthy neonates without preauricular tags during the same period, also using renal ultrasonography. RESULTS: Preauricular tags were detected in 19 of 10,997(0.17%) neonates; 57.9% were found on the right side. Renal anomalies in neonates with isolated preauricular tags were detected in four infants (21.1%); this incidence was higher, but was not significant, compared with the control group. Types of anomalies were mild hydronephrosis of grade 1(3 cases) and 2(1 case) which were normalized within one year. CONCLUSION: Routine renal ultrasonography is not recommended for newborn infant with isolated preauricular tags.
Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Parturition ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

Pseudomyxoma peritonei may result from implantation of benign or malignant tumor in peritoneal cavity and is filled with gelatinous material (termed "Jelly Belly") in abdominal cavity. Its origin is usually an appendiceal or ovarian mucinous adenoma or cystadenocarcinoma, but other primary origin such as uterus, intestine, pancreas and stomach umor have been reported. Generally, pseudomyxoma peritonei is slowly progressive and has low grade malignant potential. This report presents a unusual long term survival after evacuation of 15,000 cc of gelatinous material from abdominal cavity which was the low grade mucinous adenocarcinoma and a review of the current literature, management and new its concept. The origin of pseudomyxoma peritonei of this case was most likely from appendiceal mvcinous adenocarcinoma.
Abdominal Cavity ; Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Adenoma ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; Gelatin ; Intestines ; Mucins ; Pancreas ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei* ; Stomach ; Uterus

No abstract available.
Mandibular Condyle

Isolated fetal ascites may be different from general category of nonimmune hydrops in both prenatal course and prognosis. We experienced one case of isolated fetal ascites of unknown origin treated by in utero ultrasound-directed paracentesis and so present it with brief review of literature.
Ascites* ; Edema ; Paracentesis* ; Prognosis

PURPOSE: Our study was an experimental model for the mechanism of cortical dysplasia. We examined the changes of neuronal cells and glial cells by intrauterine irradiation. This paper will elucidate the effect of these changes on the development of cortical dysplasia. METHODS: The cytotoxic effect of irradiation was examined by viability and numbers in cerebral cortical neurons and glial cells, which were derived from a mouse exposed to 225 cGy of gamma-irradiation on embryonic day 17. In addition, the protective effect of an inhibitor of intracellular calcium release, dantrolene sodium(DS), on irradiation-induced neurotoxicity was examined after DS(10 mg/kg) was administrated via intraperitoneal injection after intrauterine irradiation. RESULTS: 1) Irradiation induced the decrement of the cell number and cell viability of cerebral cortical neurons in the developing stages. 2) The number of glial cells in the mouse treated with intrauterine irradiation was increased in E20-P4 stages compared with the control group, but there was no difference in cell viability. 3) The glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)-positive cells were seen in developing stages (E20-P4). 4) In the protective effect from neuronal cell death by intrauterine irradiation, DS attenuated cell death by an increase of neuronal cells. CONCLUSION: From these results, it is suggested that intrauterine irradiation has the neurotoxic effect as neuronal cell death and induced glial cell proliferation. A selective inhibitor of intracellular calcium release such as DS is effective in protecting neuronal cell death induced by irradiation of the intrauterine period. Cortical dysplasia induced by intrauterine irradiation may be involved in neuronal cell death and the hyperproliferation of glial cells. Intracellular calcium influx may contribute to the pathogenesis of irradiation-induced neuronal cell death.
Animals ; Calcium ; Cell Count ; Cell Death ; Cell Survival ; Dantrolene ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; Mice ; Models, Theoretical ; Neuroglia* ; Neurons*