No abstract available.
Onychomycosis

No abstract available.
Candida ; Onychomycosis

No abstract available.
Nevus

Recently halothane and enflurane are commonly used inhalational anesthetic agents in our country. However, it is a controversial matter whether these agents are a potential threat to the liver. Therefore, in order to evaluate the effects of halothane and enflurane on the hepatic function, we divided a anesthetized patients into the following 4 groups. 1st group; low spinal anesthesia. 2nd group; single inhalational anesthesia with halothane.3rd group; repeated secondary inhalational anesthesia with halothane. 4th group; secondary inhalational anesthesia with enflurane following halothane. On postoperative 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th day, we checked the levels of SGOT, SGPT and ALP. The results are as follows. group 1. Low spinal anesthesia(10 cases) ;SGOT and SGPT levels-no change or recovered in 9 cases (90%) ALP level-no change in all cases. group 2. Single inhalational anesthesia with halothane (14 cases) ;SGOT and SGPT levels-no change or recovered in 13 cases(92%) severely changed in 1 case. ALP level-no change or recovered in 13 cases (92%) group 3. Repeat 2ndary halothane anesthesia following previous halothane anesthesia. (14cases) ; SGOT level-no-change or recovered in 11 cases (79%), severely changed in 2 cases. SGPT level-no-change or recovered in 11 cases (79%), severely changed in 3 cases. ALP level-no-change or recovered in 11 cases (79%), severely changed in 1 case group 4. Repeated 2ndary enflurane anesthesia following previous halothane anesthesia. (11 cases) ; SGOT level-no-change or recovered in 8 cases (72%), severely changed in 2 cases SGPT level-no-change or recovered in 8 cases (63%), severely changed in 2 cases ALP level-no-change or recovered in 5 cases (45%), severely changed in 1 case From the above results, more cases of elevated SGOT, SGPT and ALP levels and slower recovery rate were noted in the repeated anesthesia group than in the one time anesthesia group. Not only the anesthetics themselves but also other variables such as disease severity coincidental illness, transfusion, duration of operation and so on are probably responsible for these alterations.
Alanine Transaminase* ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anesthetics ; Aspartate Aminotransferases* ; Enflurane ; Halothane ; Humans ; Liver

No abstract available.
Candida

No abstract available.
Hair ; Humans ; Piedra ; Scalp ; Trichosporon

BACKGROUND: The treatment for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis(MDRTB) is encountered to be important clinically, but there are still a few reports about it all over the world. So, we evaluated the outcomes of only chemotherapy for the pulmonary MDRTB retrosptctively. METHOD: We reviewed the clinical courses of 63 patients with pulmonary disease due to M.tuberculosis resistant to rifampin and isoniazid who were under follow-up between March 1996 and June 1996 after hospitalization at our hospital between January 1993 and January 1996. We performed cohort retrospective study for all these patient's records. Their regimens were selected individually and preferably included four medications that they had not been given previously and to which the strain was fully susceptible. RESULTS: The 63 patients(mean age, 43.2 years) had previously received a median 5.1drugs. Fifty two(82.5%) patients responded to chemotherapy(as indicated by negative sputum cultures for at least three consecutive months); eleven patients(17.5%) had no response, as shown by continually positive cultures. In a univariate analysis, an unfavorable response was significantly associated with greater number of resistant drugs before the current courses of therapy(relative risk 21.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.2-3.0; p<0.05). The mean period of follow-up was seventeen months. There was no relapse subsequently among the patients with responses. There was no death related to tuberculosis. CONCLUSION: In this report from National Masan Tuberculosis Hospital in Korea, multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis responded relatively well to carefully selected regimens.
Cohort Studies ; Drug Therapy* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Isoniazid* ; Korea ; Lung Diseases ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rifampin* ; Sputum ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; beta-Endorphin* ; Female

Purpose: Clinical factors affecting the recovery period in patients with vascular or idiopathic paralytic strabismus were evaluated. Methods: This study involved a retrospective review of medical records of patients diagnosed with vascular and idiopathic acquired paralytic strabismus. Vascular paralysis was defined in cases of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or cardiovascular disease. The angle of deviation and limitation of extraocular movement were evaluated at each visit. Recovery was defined as the absence of diplopia and complete resolution of limitation of extraocular movement. Factors affecting recovery success and recovery period were analyzed. Results: We retrospectively reviewed data of 145 patients consisting of 87 with vascular paralytic strabismus (cranial nerve [CN] III: 21, CN IV: 28, CN VI: 38) and 58 with idiopathic paralytic strabismus (CN IV: 20, CN VI: 24, CN III: 14). The recovery rate did not significantly differ between vascular (60.9%) and idiopathic (63.8%) groups (p = 0.15). The recovery period was longer in the vascular group (130.1 ± 145.1 days) than in the idiopathic group (92.6 ± 76.6) (p = 0.02). Age at onset was significantly associated with the recovery period in both vascular and idiopathic groups. In the vascular group, the recovery periods were 107.4 ± 74.8 days in CN III palsy, 97.2 ± 51.9 days in CN IV palsy, and 159.3 ± 194.1 days in CN VI palsy. The recovery period was significantly longer in patients with CN VI palsy (p = 0.03). Hypertension was significantly influencing the recovery period in patients with vascular CN VI palsy (odds ratio = 2.54, p = 0.01). Conclusions The recovery period was longer in patients with vascular paralytic strabismus than in patients with idiopathic paralytic strabismus. Recovery rates were not significantly different between groups. In patients with vascular CN VI palsy, a history of hypertension was significantly associated with the recovery period.

Purpose: Clinical factors affecting the recovery period in patients with vascular or idiopathic paralytic strabismus were evaluated. Methods: This study involved a retrospective review of medical records of patients diagnosed with vascular and idiopathic acquired paralytic strabismus. Vascular paralysis was defined in cases of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or cardiovascular disease. The angle of deviation and limitation of extraocular movement were evaluated at each visit. Recovery was defined as the absence of diplopia and complete resolution of limitation of extraocular movement. Factors affecting recovery success and recovery period were analyzed. Results: We retrospectively reviewed data of 145 patients consisting of 87 with vascular paralytic strabismus (cranial nerve [CN] III: 21, CN IV: 28, CN VI: 38) and 58 with idiopathic paralytic strabismus (CN IV: 20, CN VI: 24, CN III: 14). The recovery rate did not significantly differ between vascular (60.9%) and idiopathic (63.8%) groups (p = 0.15). The recovery period was longer in the vascular group (130.1 ± 145.1 days) than in the idiopathic group (92.6 ± 76.6) (p = 0.02). Age at onset was significantly associated with the recovery period in both vascular and idiopathic groups. In the vascular group, the recovery periods were 107.4 ± 74.8 days in CN III palsy, 97.2 ± 51.9 days in CN IV palsy, and 159.3 ± 194.1 days in CN VI palsy. The recovery period was significantly longer in patients with CN VI palsy (p = 0.03). Hypertension was significantly influencing the recovery period in patients with vascular CN VI palsy (odds ratio = 2.54, p = 0.01). Conclusions The recovery period was longer in patients with vascular paralytic strabismus than in patients with idiopathic paralytic strabismus. Recovery rates were not significantly different between groups. In patients with vascular CN VI palsy, a history of hypertension was significantly associated with the recovery period.