PURPOSE: No consistent histo-pathological characteristics of cystic renal cell carcinomas have previously been determined. In this study, attempts were made at our hospital to evaluate the histopathological characteristics of this cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of 451 patients with renal cell carcinomas, having undergone a radical nephrectomy, between January 1995 and April 2002, were retrospectively reviewed. The renal cell carcinomas were classified, according to the criteria of the World Health Organization, as a cystic renal cell carcinoma in 31 of these patients (6.8%). The tumor size, nuclear grade and pathological stage were investigated. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 52 years, ranging from 35 to 75. Cancer stages were T1, T2 and T3 in 26 (84%), 3 (10%) and 2 (6%) patients, respectively. The nuclear grade and pathological stage were lower in patients with a cystic renal cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: 81% of the cystic renal cell carcinoma cases were diagnosed incidentally. The cystic renal cell carcinomas were usually detected at lower stages and grades, and therefore were associated with a better prognosis than the renal cell carcinomas.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Nephrectomy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; World Health Organization

A solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is now commonly accepted to derive from mesenchymal cells differentiating toward fibroblast or myofibroblast. Although the extrapleural manifestations of SFT have been documented in almost all sites, an SFT arising in the genitourinary tract is extremely rare, with less than 10 cases having been reported. The histopathological criteria between a benign and a malignant SFT are obscure, and their biological behaviors remain controversial. The choice of treatment of an SFT remains to be clarifies. Herein, a case of a bladder SFT, well encased within the submucosa and bladder muscle, is reported. The SFT of bladder was completely excised, and there was no evidence of recurrence after 15 months of follow-up.
Fibroblasts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Mesoderm ; Myofibroblasts ; Recurrence ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors* ; Urinary Bladder*

PURPOSE: Intravesical electrical stimulation(IVES) has been performed for various purposes in children with voiding difficulty due to neurogenic or non-neurogenic causes. The effect of IVES in children with spina bifida, however, remains controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of IVES according to the type of neurogenic bladder in children with spina bifida. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among the 74 patients who received IVES at Severance Hospital between May, 1999 and October, 2001, 40 children with available comparative urodynamic data before and after treatment were retrospectively analyzed. According to pre-IVES urodynamic study, children were divided into 4 groups: areflexic-compliant(Group I), areflexic-poorly compliant(Group II), hyperreflexic-compliant(Group III) and hyperreflexic-poorly compliant(Group IV). We investigated the changes in uninhibited bladder contraction, bladder filling sense, defecation sense, urinary incontinence and fecal incontinence. In the 33 children under the age of 9 years, changes of age-adjusted bladder capacity were compared by the formula of Palmer et al. RESULTS: The age-adjusted bladder capacity was significantly increased from 1.0016+/-0.3811 to 1.1982+/-0.3945(p=0.0002), 1.0107+/-0.4484 to 1.0522+/-0.4479(p=0.1595), 1.0371+/-0.2979 to 1.2410+/-0.4490(p=0.1669), and 0.8366+/-0.1401 to 0.9449+/-0.1129(p= 0.0162) in groups I to IV, respectively. Self-voiding was increased from 18.8% to 50.0% only in Group I. Uninhibited bladder contraction was decreased from 100% to 40.0%, and from 100% to 25.0% in Groups III and IV, respectively. There were improvements in bladder filling sense, defecation sense, urinary incontinence and fecal incontinence in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: Age-adjusted bladder capacity was significantly increased after IVES in children with spina bifida. There was a significant increase in self-voiding ability only in the areflexic-compliant group, suggesting that IVES can be particularly more effective in this specific group of spina bifida children.
Child ; Defecation ; Electric Stimulation* ; Fecal Incontinence ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Dysraphism* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urodynamics