PURPOSE: This study was to determine the effects of foot reflexomassage on constipated college women for the treatment of constipation. METHOD: The researcher sampled nursing students attending a college of nursing science in Gyeonggi-Do, and checked if they were affected by constipation in reference to the Rome II criteria & CAS. They were randomly divided into an experimental group(15 subjects) and a control group(15 subjects). Foot reflexomassage was applied to the experimental group 10 times in 2 weeks : each time lasted 40 minutes. The frequency of defecation and severity of constipation by CAS were measured. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS 11.5 program. RESULT: The CAS score of the experimental group was significantly lower after foot reflexomassage than those of the control group (p=.000). CONCLUSION: Foot reflexomassage can be considered an effective alternative treatment for constipated young women.
Complementary Therapies ; Constipation ; Defecation ; Female ; Foot* ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Nursing ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the status of visiting nurse's assessment and management of chronic musculoskeletal pain in older adults. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 285 visiting nurses working at 24 public health centers located in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Gangwon-do. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from June to July, 2008. The SPSS/WIN 13.0 program was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Of the visiting nurses, 195 (77.4%) reported lack of pain education for nurses. The education of exercise (83.3%) was used most frequently by nurses as a pain intervention. Barriers to effective pain management were inadequate pain management guidelines and lack of pain education for nurses. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop evidence-based nursing interventions for pain management and to develop systematic educational programs for visiting nurses management of chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Adult* ; Education ; Evidence-Based Nursing ; Gangwon-do ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Musculoskeletal Pain* ; Nurses, Community Health ; Nursing Care ; Pain Management ; Pain Measurement ; Public Health ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of cultural competency of visiting nurses and community health practitioners and explore factors that are related with their cultural competency. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 113 visiting nurses and 103 community health practitioners working in Gangwon-do. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire on May 24, 2011. The SPSS/WIN 17.0 program was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The average score for cultural competency of visiting nurses was 2.76+/-0.60 and that of community health practitioners 2.91+/-0.51. Most of subjects received no multicultural education (78.0% for nurses, 85.7% for community health nurses). Factors influencing cultural competency were number of service experience for multicultural clients and participation of multicultural education. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop systematic educational programs to enhance the cultural competency of nurses.
Community Health Nursing ; Cultural Competency ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: Burch colposuspension has been used for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) with effectiveness. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the efficacy among abdominal, transvaginal and laparoscopic Burch colposuspension. We also compared the clinical course and complications after each procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty seven patients underwent Burch colposuspension were evaluated according to their approach methods. All patients were assessed for detailed history, physical examination, urodynamic study, transperineal ultrasonography, operative time, catheter indwelling period, hospital stays, success rate, and complications. RESULTS: The success rates of abdominal, transvaginal and laparoscopic Burch were 90, 86 and 76% respectively, at 26 months follow up. There was no significant complication except for a case of bladder injury in the laparoscopy group. Laparoscopic Burch operation had advantages of less invasive approach, less morbidity, shorter hospital stays and provided successful outcomes in patients with stress urinary incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: With these results, we could conclude that open, transvaginal or laparoscopic Burch operations were effective and safe for SUI with no significant differences of efficacy according to approach methods.
Catheters ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Operative Time ; Physical Examination ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urodynamics

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic musculoskeletal pain and depression on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) according to gender in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 209 elderly individuals who were receiving visiting nursing services from a public health center located in Gangwon-do. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from March to April, 2008. SPSS/WIN 13.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Depression and HRQoL showed a significant difference between male and female subjects. There was a negative correlation between chronic musculoskeletal pain, depression, and HRQoL. In the male elderly, depression was the most significant predictor of HRQoL, while in the female elderly, chronic musculoskeletal pain was the most significant predictor of HRQoL. CONCLUSION: The study showed that chronic musculoskeletal pain was the variable with the highest explanatory power for HRQoL in the female elderly. Therefore, chronic musculoskeletal pain needs to be assessed and managed first in nursing interventions to improve HRQoL of the female elderly.
Adult* ; Aged ; Depression* ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Male ; Musculoskeletal Pain* ; Nursing ; Nursing Services ; Public Health ; Quality of Life* ; Statistics as Topic ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The effects of Clonorchis sinensis, Hymenolepis nana and Toxocara canis infection on fat absorption in the intestine were studied. For this purpose, I131-Triolein was given to the animals which were infected by those parasites, and amounts of the excretion in the feces were counted and following results were obtained. In the Clonorchis sinensis infected group, the excretion of Triolein was increased to 4. 10~4.49% compared with that of the control group. In the Hymenolepis nana infected group, the excretion of Triolein was increased to 4~5% compared with that of control group. In the Toxocara canis infected group, the excretion was about twice as much as that of the control group. It is concluded that parasite infection in digestive system diminishes fat absorption in gastrointestinal tract of the host.
Animals ; Fats/*metabolism ; Feces/analysis ; *Intestinal Absorption ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/*metabolism ; Iodine Radioisotopes/diagnostic use ; Rats ; Triolein/diagnostic use

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Pheochromocytoma*

The study consists of an analysis of 39 cases of all kinds of granulomatous lesions in the colon observed at our X-ray department during 3year period between Jan. 1960. and the end of. 1962. Of these 39, 13 cases were Crohn's disease of the colon and 15 cases were tuberculous colitis. The remaining 11 cases were due to ulcerative colitis 3, amoebic colitis 4, and non-specific pericolitis 4. 17 males and 22 females were seen and, the peak incidence was from 40 to 49 years of age. The diagnosis of each granulomatous lesion was confirmed by tissue examination obtained by exploratory celiotomy or by biopsy. Crohn's disease and tuberculos colitis were more frequently encountered in the large bowel rather than in the ileo-cecal region. Granulomatous lesions in the colon must be differentiated from a number of causes of large bowel pathology e. g. carcinoma or lymphoma. The diseases with which it is more commonly confused are ulcerative colitis, tuberculous colitis, Crohn's disease and amoebic colitis. X-ray features of each of these granulomatous lesions are presented in detail and the points of differential diagnosis are discussed.
Adult ; Colonic Diseases/*diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Granuloma/*diagnosis ; Human ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUND: The polymerase chain reaction(PCR) assay is rapid, sensitive analytical technique but has problem of high false-positive rate. We applied dUTP-UDG PCR (dU-PCR) method to prevent carryover contamination major source of high false positive in PCR assays, for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. METHODS: The PCRs for detection of M. tuberculosis were performed with P1 and P2 primers based on IS6110 repeated sequence. FTC-2000 was used for capillary PCR and Uno-Thermoblock was used for heating block PCR. In order to evaluate the effect of dU-PCR controlling carryover contamination, PCRs were performed in the presence of UDG and the absence of UDG. To compare the sensitivity of usual dT-PCR with dU-PCR, chromosomal DNA of M. tuberculosis ranging 500pg to 0.5fg were amplified by dT-PCR and dU-PCR method using two different thermocycler, capillary and heating block type, respectively. RESULT: The dU-PCR using UDG prevented carryover contamination by amplicon DNA up to 500pg. By capillay PCR method, the lower limits of detectability of dT-PCR and dU-PCR were 0.5fg and 500fg, respectively, which indicates the sensitivity of dU-PCR was lower than dT-PCR. But by heating block method, the lower limits of detectability of both method of dU and dT-PCR were 0.5fg. So the sensitivity of dU-PCR was same as dT-PCR. CONCLUSION: The dU-PCR by heating-block method was sensitive test for detection of M. tuberculosis that effectively prevent carryover contamination by amplicon.
Capillaries ; DNA ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Tuberculosis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental materials for improving school health promotion programs by investigating school nurses' awareness of the importance, performance level, and perceived competence level of school health promotion programs in Gangwon-do. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 173 school nurses who were working in Gangwon-do. The instrument for this study was a scale for awareness of importance, performance level, and perceived competence level. Data were collected on December 15, 2007 and analyzed using SPSS 13.0 for Windows. RESULTS: The mean score of awareness of importance was 3.51 (range: 1~4). The mean score of performance level and the mean score of perceived competence level were 3.35 (range: 1~4) and 3.29 (range: 1~4), respectively. The younger school nurses were (F=4.380, p=.014), the higher their awareness of importance was. The performance level was lowest in high school nurses (F=5.013, p=.008). There were significant correlations between awareness of importance, performance level, and perceived competence level in school nurses. CONCLUSION: In order to improve the effectiveness of school health promotion programs, training and education programs for school nurses' competencies and technical support systems for school nurses should be provided.
Education ; Gangwon-do ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Mental Competency* ; School Health Services*