No abstract available.
Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether radiation adaptive response could be induced by Tc-99m-methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99m-MDP) in peripheral lymphocytes of patients undergoing bone scintigraphy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lymphocytes from 22 patients (6 males, 16 females, mean age 50+/-14 years) were collected before and after bone scintigraphy using 740 MBq Tc-99m-MDP. Lymphocytes from 10 controls (6 males, 4 females, mean age 43+/-7 years) were also collected. They were exposed challenge dose of 2 Gy gamma rays using a cell irradiator Number of ring-form and dicentric chromosomal per 600 cells (chromosomal aberrations) was counted under the light microscope. RESULTS: Chromosomal aberrations in patients before bone scintigraphy (385.1+/-30.5) was not different from that of controls (367.8+/-36.6). However, chromosomal aberrations in patients after bone scintigraphy was significantly decreased 192.6+/-22.1 (p=0.0001). CONCLUSION: Low dose gamma-irradiation by Tc-99m-MDP used for bone scintigraphy induces a cytogenetic adaptive response in peripheral lymphocytes.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Cytogenetics ; Female ; Gamma Rays ; Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Male ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate

Since 1856, Mayer13) coined the term “osteotomy” for a tibial resection for an angular deformity, various shapes and designs of osteotomies in long bone or pelvis have been popularized to treat the malunion, osteoarthritis of hip and knee, bow leg, L.C.P., or C.D.H. etc. The purpose of corrective osteotomy for tibia is so different from that of upper extremity because it must be restored the weight bearing alignment, and equalize or minimize the leg length discrepancy. We respectively reviewed 14 cases with various angular deformities on tibia who were treated at Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Catholic Medical College from Jan. 1976 to Dec. 1984. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Causes of angular or rotational deformities of tibia were malunion in 11, bow leg in 2 and partial closure of distal tibial epiphysis in l. 2. Ten cases of tibial deformities exceeded over the 10° of medial or lateral angulation and 15° of anterior or posterior bowing were corrected for normal weight-bearing alignment in lower leg. And a rotational deformity may be so disabling to walk as to require surgery. So four cases of tibial angular deformities combined with more than 20° of external rotation and 5° of internal rotation were corrected for normal good looking walks. 3. The maximum length that can be gained by an opening wedge osteotomy was near the point of maximum angluation, but it could be changed by the cause of deformity and patient's age. We've done 4 cases of opening and 10 cases of closing wedge osteotomy. 4. Angular deformity in one plane due to fracture in children under 10 years of age may be corrected spontaneously by growth, but deformities due to bow leg or epiphyseal injury cann't be expected any spontaneous correction of deformity by growth. So three cases of tibial deformities due to bow leg or epiphyseal injury in children were corrected in earlier after recognition of that deformities because of possible damage to articular cartilage and the combined rotational deformities. 5. A slight deformity if the angulation involves near a joint, knee or ankle could be seriously disabling and so must be correctcd earlier. 6. Functional results of the corrective wedge osteotomy in angular and rotational deformities of tibia were excellent, good, fair in 4, 7 and 3, respectively.
Ankle ; Cartilage, Articular ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Epiphyses ; Genu Varum ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Leg ; Numismatics ; Osteoarthritis, Hip ; Osteotomy ; Pelvis ; Tibia ; Upper Extremity ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Insemination* ; Pregnancy*

We report a false positive case of I-131 scan due to a sialolithiasis in right submandibular gland. I-131 images showed not only remnant thyroid tissues and functional metastases in the anterior neck but also a hot uptake near right submandibular gland. We confirmed the sialolithiasis by radiologic studies. Sialolithiasis should be regarded as a false positive cause when I-131 scan shows a hot spot near salivary bed.
Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Salivary Gland Calculi* ; Submandibular Gland ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of acupuncture on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at acupoints suggested by oriental medicine to be related to the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rest/acupuncture-stimulation Tc-99m ECD brain SPECT using a same-dose subtraction method was performed on 54 normal volunteers (34 males, 20 females, age range from 18 to 62 years) using six paradigms: acupuncture at acupoints GV. 20, GV. 26, LI. 4, ST. 36 and SP. 6. In the control study, needle location was chosen on a non-meridian focus 1 cm posterior to the right fibular head. All images were spatially normalized, and the differences between rest and acupuncture stimulation were statistically analyzed using SPM for Windows . RESULTS: Acupuncture applied at acupoint GV. 20 increased rCBF in both the anterior frontal lobes, the right frontotemporal lobes, and the left anterior temporal lobe and the left cerebellar hemisphere. Acupuncture at GV. 26 increased rCBF in the left prefrontal cortex. Acupuncture at LI. 4 increased rCBF in the left prefrontal and both the inferior frontal lobes, and the left anterior temporal lobe and the left cerebellar hemisphere. Acupuncture at ST. 36 increased rCBF in the left anterior temporal lobe, the right inferior frontal lobes, and the left cerebellum. Acupuncture at SP. 6 increased rCBF in the left inferior frontal and anterior temporal lobes. In the control stimulation, no significant rCBF increase was observed. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated a correlation between stimulation at each acupoint with increase in rCBF to the corresponding brain areas.
Acupuncture Points* ; Acupuncture* ; Brain* ; Cerebellum ; Female ; Frontal Lobe ; Head ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Needles ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Temporal Lobe ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

OBJECTIVE: Hyperprolactinemia is common side effect associated with antipsychotics use. Nevertheless, hyperprolactinemia is relatively neglected by clinician. Especially, there is no study related to amisulpride-induced hyperprolactinemia in korea. This study aimed to determine whether amisulpride can be induced hyperprolactinemia in Korean psychiatric patients. METHODS: This study methodology consisted of a retrospective review of medical charts and prolactin levels. Serum prolactin levels were measured in 24 Korean patients(12 males and 12 females) with psychosis who were treated over 400mg of amisulpride per day. RESULTS: All patients had hyperprolactinemia. Prolactin levels significantly increased after receiving amisulpride(z=-3.702, p=0.000). The prolactin level was significantly higher in females(156.29+/-63.75ng/mL) than in males(69.04+/-39.91ng/mL) after administering amisulpride(p=0.000). There was a correlation between dosage and prolactin levels(r=0.61, p=0.002). However, there was no correlation between duration of treatment and prolactin levels. CONCLUSIONS: Antipsychotics, especially amisulpride can increase serum prolactin levels and may results in short and long term side effects. Routine clinical assessment of initial and additional prolactin level and associated symptoms should be done.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Humans ; Hyperprolactinemia ; Korea ; Male ; Prolactin ; Psychotic Disorders ; Retrospective Studies ; Sulpiride

Androgen acts via the androgen receptor and can play a critical role in the development and growth of the prostate and the pathophysiology of prostatic diseases. Testosterone is the most abundant circulating androgen and is converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a more potent androgen, by steroid 5alpha-reductase. There are two 5alpha-reductase isoenzymes, type 1 and type 2, in humans and animals. Type 2 5alpha-reductase predominates in the prostate. While deficiency of type 2 5alpha-reductase causes male pseudohermaphroditism, increased DHT has been implicated in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. The aim of this article is to highlight the significance of 5alpha-reductase in the development and growth of the prostate and pathogenesis of prostatic diseases.
46, XY Disorders of Sex Development ; Animals ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; Prostate ; Prostatic Diseases ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Receptors, Androgen ; Sexual Development ; Testosterone

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the pro-erectile potential of various urethral alpha blockers using pharmacological or electrical induction of erection in anesthesized rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate the influence on centrally mediated erection, intravenous administeration of terazosin, doxazosin(3, 10, 30microgram/kg), and tamsulosin (0.3, 1, 3microgram/kg), followed by submaximal subcutaneous apomorphine(50microgram/kg) administration, mean arterial pressure(MAP) and intracavernosal pressure(ICP) were recorded over 30 minutes in male anesthesized rats. The time to first response, peaks within 30 minutes, maximal ICP, area under the curve, percentage of ICP/MAP were compared. To evaluate the influence on peripherally induced erections, various doses of alpha antagonists and submaximal cavernous nerve stimulation(0.5ms, 2V, 10Hz) were combined. The ICP increase and ICP/MAP percentage were also compared. RESULTS: Although various dose response relationships were shown, all three alpha blockers enhanced erectile activity triggered by apomorphine. In terms of time to first response and peaks within 30 minutes, the proerectile effects of terazosin was most prominent whereas those of tamsulosin was minimal, requiring larger doses. In combining with cavernous nerve stimulation, doxazosin and tamsulosin showed moderate proerectile activity, but the highest dose of terazosin was required to enhance ICP increase induced by cavernous nerve stimulation. Despite their pressure lowering effects, all tested alpha adrenergic blockers significantly enhanced the ICP/MAP percentage. CONCLUSIONS: The present finding clearly indicated that alpha 1 selective antagonists can enhance erectile capacity when combined with central or peripheral stimuli for erection.
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists ; Adrenergic Antagonists ; Animals ; Apomorphine ; Doxazosin ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Animal* ; Rats*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop in vivo dosimetries using both chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in mice to assess biological effects of radiations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five each mice were irradiated with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 Gy of Cs-137 gamma-rays. We scored numbers of chromosomal aberrations in metaphase spreads and numbers of micronuclei in bone marrow smears under light microscope, and obtained the dose-response relationships. We also examined the relationship between the two dose-response curves. RESULTS: The frequency of both chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei increased with dose, in a linear-quadratic manner. The delta, beta, and alpha coefficients were 0.0176, 0.0324, and 0.0567 for metaphase analysis (r=1.0, p<0.001) and 0.0019, 0.0073, and 0.0506 for micronuclei assay (r=1.0, p<0.001). The frequency of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in diffirent radiation doses was significantly correlated (r=0.99, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: In vivo dosimetry using either metaphase analysis or micronucleus assay was feasible in mice. These methods could be useful to evaluate biological effects of radiation.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells* ; Bone Marrow* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Metaphase* ; Mice* ; Micronucleus Tests