To assess the value of CT and MR in the detection of local tumor recurrence after hysterectomy, we evaluate CT and MRI findings of the vaginal stump in fifteen patients who underwent hysterectomy for uterine cervical carcinoma (N=14) or endometrial carcinoma (N=1). The presence of stump recurrence was confirmed by needle biopsy in 7 patients and by reoperation in 1 patient. The absence of stump recurrence was diagnosed by needle biopsy in 3 patitients and by clinical follow-up in 4 patients. In eight patients with vaginal stump recurrence, six patients were correctly diagnosed by CT and seven patients by MRI. In remaining seven patients who had no evidence of tumor recurrence, four patients were correctly diagnosed with CT and all the rester patients with MRI. ON the bases of our results, MRI seems to be superior to CT in the evaluation of local tumor recurrence after hysterectomy.
Biopsy, Needle ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Recurrence* ; Reoperation

To assess the value of CT and MR in the detection of local tumor recurrence after hysterectomy, we evaluate CT and MRI findings of the vaginal stump in fifteen patients who underwent hysterectomy for uterine cervical carcinoma (N=14) or endometrial carcinoma (N=1). The presence of stump recurrence was confirmed by needle biopsy in 7 patients and by reoperation in 1 patient. The absence of stump recurrence was diagnosed by needle biopsy in 3 patitients and by clinical follow-up in 4 patients. In eight patients with vaginal stump recurrence, six patients were correctly diagnosed by CT and seven patients by MRI. In remaining seven patients who had no evidence of tumor recurrence, four patients were correctly diagnosed with CT and all the rester patients with MRI. ON the bases of our results, MRI seems to be superior to CT in the evaluation of local tumor recurrence after hysterectomy.
Biopsy, Needle ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Recurrence* ; Reoperation

The mirtazapine is a relatively new antidepressant that has noradrenergic and specific serotonin antagonist action(NaSSAs). This has been known as one of the most safest drugs because of its few side effects. Until now, there have been only one case report that mirtazapine causes a EPS side effect(restless leg syndrome). But the peculiar mechanism of this drug makes it impossible to explain the exact reasons why the mirtazapine could induce EPS symptoms. Authors obseved three cases of mirtazapine indeced akathisia. We could not explain the phenomenon the other way except akathisia. So here we presents the three case of mirtazapine induced akathisia and a few possible hypothesis of this phenomenon.
Leg ; Psychomotor Agitation* ; Serotonin

The authors dissected and examined a horseshoe kidney from the cadaver of a 54-year-old Korean female. The results were as follows. Other congenital anomalies or complications were not found, and no renal stones showed on plain radiography of the horseshoe kidney. The horseshoe kidney was located in the area between the 12 th thoracic vertebra and the 4th lumbar vertebra, with the superior extremity of the left kidney 10mm more inferior than that of the right. The isthmus connecting the bilateral kidneys was located at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra. The size of the kidney was 102mm × 52mm × 44mm (right) and 108mm × 62mm × 34mm (left), and the superoinferior and anteroposterior lengths of isthmus were 22mm and 10mm, respectively. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava passed posteriorly to the isthmus, with the inferior mesenteric artery and lumbar splanchnic nerve passing anteriorly. Some grooves were found on the anterior surface of the bilateral kidney. The hilum of the right kidney faced the anteromedial direction and that of the left kidney faced the anterolateral direction. At the hilar plane, the right renal arteries and veins passed anteriorly and posteriorly to the renal pelvis ; the left renal arteries passed posteriorly to the renal pelvis, with the left renal veins passing anteriorly and posteriorly. Three branches of the right renal arteries passed renal hilum, while two branches did not, and two branches of the left renal arteries passed renal hilum, while six branches did not. The two arteries arising from the aortic bifurcation were distributed to the isthmus. The number of renal veins passing the renal hilum were three in the right, and two in the left. The right and left ovarian veins drained to the renal veins. There were 12 minor calyces distributed normally in the right kidney, 13 minor calyces distributed radially in the left kidney, and 3 minor calyces in the isthmus, composed of parenchyme. The left portion of the horseshoe kidney was concluded to have developed poorly, on the basis of incomplete ascension and abnormal rotation during development, the imperfect configuration of the renal shape, and the abnormal distribution of the renal vessels and renal calyces.
Aorta, Abdominal ; Arteries ; Cadaver ; Extremities ; Female ; Fused Kidney* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Pelvis ; Mesenteric Artery, Inferior ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Renal Artery ; Renal Veins ; Spine ; Splanchnic Nerves ; Veins ; Vena Cava, Inferior

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Animals ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Humans* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Animals ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Humans* ; Mice*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: With increasing demand of the implant-supported prosthesis, it is advantageous to use the different platform width of the fixture according to bone quantity and quality of the patients. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the loading distributing characteristics of two implant designs according to each platform width of fixture, under vertical and inclined loading using finite element analysis. Material and method : The two kinds of finite element models were designed according to each platform width of fixture (4.1mm restorative component x 11.5mm length, 5.0mm wide-diameter restorative component x 11.5mm length). The crown for mandibular first molar was made using UCLA abutment. Each three-dimensional finite element model was created with the physical properties of the implant and surrounding bone. This study simulated loads of 200N at the central fossa in a vertical direction, 200N at the outside point of the central fossa with resin filling into screw hole in a vertical direction and 200N at the buccal cusp in a 300 transverse direction individually. Von Mises stresses were recorded and compared in the supporting bone, fixture, and abutment screw. RESULTS: The stresses were concentrated mainly at the cortex in both vertical and oblique loading but the stresses in the cancellous bone were low in both vertical and oblique loading. Bending moments resulting from non-axial loading of dental implants caused stress concentrations on cortical bone. The magnitude of the stress was greater with the oblique loading. Increasing the platform width of the implant fixture decreased the stress in the supporting bone, fixture and abutment screw. Increased the platform width of fixture decreased the stress in the crown and platform. CONCLUSION: Conclusively, this investigation provides evidence that the platform width of the implant fixture directly affects periimplant stress. By increasing the platform width of the implant fixture, it showed tendency to decreased the supporting bone, fixture and screw. But, further clinical studies are necessary to determine the ideal protocol for the successful placement of wide platform implants.
Crowns ; Dental Implants ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Molar ; Prostheses and Implants*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy, on the basis of CT findings, of high dose methyl prednisolone for treating acute lung injury that was induced by oleic acid injection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 healthy rabbits (1.8-2.2 kg) were included in this study. Group I included 10 rabbits in which 0.2 mL oleic acid was injected through their ear veins. Group IIa included 10 rabbits in which 30 mg/kg methyl prednisolone and 0.2 mL oleic acid were intravenously injected at the same time. Group IIb included 5 rabbits in which 30 mg/kg methyl prednisolone was injected 6 hours prior to the 0.2 mL oleic acid intravenous injection. The other 5 rabbits (Group III) were injected intravenously with 30 mg/kg methyl prednisolone without the oleic acid. After that, 30 mg/kg methyl prednisolone per every 12 hours was injected in the non-sacrificed rabbits of Group II and Group III. Nonenhanced Chest CT scans were performed prior to and 30 minutes, 4 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours after the intravenous injection of oleic acid or methyl prednisolone. We randomly sacrificed one rabbit of groups I, II and III 30 minutes, 4 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after CT scanning. The distribution, extent, and pattern of the lesions on the CT scan were analyzed. The analyzed pattern of the lesions was ground glass attenuation, consolidation and interstitial thickening. Pathologic correlation was then done. RESULTS: The main CT findings of Group I were peripheral, wedge shaped, ill-defined ground glass attenuations and/or consolidations. The pathologic findings of Group I were interstitial or intraalveolar edema, intraalveolar hemorrhage and coagulation necrosis. Diffuse ground glass opacities with interstitial thickening were noted in 20% (n=2/10) of Group I and in 60% (n=9/15) of Group II at the 30 minute CT; however, there was no statistical difference between the two groups (p=0.09). Consolidations with air bronchogram were noted in 22.2% (2/9) of Group I and in 38.5% (5/13) of Group II at the 4 hour CT. The main pathologic findings of consolidations were intraalveolar hemorrhage and coagulation necrosis. There was no statistical difference in the extent of the lesions between Group I and Group II (p=0.20, 0.14, 0.59 and 0.46 at 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively). The CT findings of Group IIa and Group IIb were not significantly difference. The CT findings of Group III were normal in all 5 rabbits. CONCLUSION: Because there was no significant difference for the extent of lung injury induced by oleic acid between the group treated with high dose methyl prednisolone and non-treated group on CT scans, high dose steroid therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary fat embolism may not be effective in the acute stage.
Acute Lung Injury ; Ear ; Edema ; Embolism, Fat ; Glass ; Hemorrhage ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lung Injury* ; Lung* ; Necrosis ; Oleic Acid ; Prednisolone ; Rabbits* ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Steroids* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Veins

Gastric surgery is one of the most frequently performed operations in Korea. Retroanastomotic hernia is a rare complication ingastric surgery. We experienced this hernia and herein report it with a review of the literature. A 69-year-old male patient suffered from periumbilical pain for 3 days. Positive physical findings were tenderness around the umbilicus and decreased bowel sound. Simple abdominal findings revealed a mechanical obstruction. This patient had a history of gastrectomy 13 years prior to admission. At operation field, we were able to find the defect consisting of the transverse mesocolon, stomach, jejunum and retroperituneum. In Korea, since its first report by Petersen, only a few reports about this hernia have been reported. After increased incidence of operations for morbid obesity, reports on retroanstomotic hernia have increased.
Aged ; Gastrectomy ; Hernia ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jejunum ; Korea ; Male ; Mesocolon ; Obesity, Morbid ; Stomach ; Umbilicus

Traumatic abdominal wall hernia after blunt abdominal trauma is rare. The prevalence of traumatic abdominal wall hernia in published series is approximately 1%. Recently, by the use of computed tomography has increased the number of occult traumatic abdominal wall hernias (TAWH). A 47-year-old woman presented to the emergency room soon after a traffic accident. She was fully conscious and complained of diffuse, dull, abdominal pain. She had a seat belt on at the time of the accident. Initial computed tomography showed that the lower left abdominal wall had a defect and that a part of the small bowel had herniated through the defect. During the operation, we made an incision at the defect site and confirmed the defect. The defect size was about 15x5 cm. The muscle layers were repaired in layers with absorbable sutures. Prolen mesh was layed down and fixed on the site of the repaired muscle defect. After 6 months, hernia had not recurred, and no weakness of the repaired abdominal wall layers was identified. The patient`s postoperative body functions were normal.
Abdominal Pain ; Abdominal Wall ; Accidents, Traffic ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hernia ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Muscles ; Prevalence ; Seat Belts ; Sutures