No abstract available.
Borrelia burgdorferi* ; Borrelia* ; Humans ; Korea*

No abstract available.
Glomus Tumor*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate nationwide trends, characteristics, and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Korea. METHODS: From National Health Insurance claims data in Korea, 81,115 patients, who underwent PCI for the first episode of coronary artery disease between 2011 and 2015, were enrolled. Patients were categorized into angina (n=49,288) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n=31,887) groups and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 64.4±12.2 years and 56,576 (69.7%) were men. Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension were observed in 27,086 (33.4%), 30,675 (37.8%), and 45,389 (56.0%) patients, respectively. There was a 10% increase in the number of patients undergoing PCI for angina between 2011–2012 and 2014–2015 (11,105 vs. 13,261; p=0.021). However, the number of patients undergoing PCI for AMI marginally decreased between 2011–2012 and 2014–2015 (8,068 vs. 7,823; p=0.052). In procedures, drug-eluting stent was the most frequently used device (93.2%), followed by balloon angioplasty (5.5%) and bare metal stents (1.3%). The mean number of stents per patient was 1.39±0.64. At discharge, dual-anti platelet therapy, statin, beta-blockers, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker were provided to 76,292 (94.1%), 71,411 (88.0%), 57,429 (70.8%), and 54,418 (67.1%) patients, respectively. The mean in-hospital and 1-year total medical costs were 8,628,768±4,832,075 and 13,128,158±9,758,753 Korean Won, respectively. In-hospital mortality occurred in 2,094 patients (2.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate healthcare strategies reflecting trends, characteristics, and clinical outcomes of PCI are needed in Korea.
Angina Pectoris ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Angiotensins ; Blood Platelets ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Delivery of Health Care ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; National Health Programs ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Stents

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate nationwide trends, characteristics, and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Korea. METHODS: From National Health Insurance claims data in Korea, 81,115 patients, who underwent PCI for the first episode of coronary artery disease between 2011 and 2015, were enrolled. Patients were categorized into angina (n=49,288) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI, n=31,887) groups and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 64.4±12.2 years and 56,576 (69.7%) were men. Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension were observed in 27,086 (33.4%), 30,675 (37.8%), and 45,389 (56.0%) patients, respectively. There was a 10% increase in the number of patients undergoing PCI for angina between 2011–2012 and 2014–2015 (11,105 vs. 13,261; p=0.021). However, the number of patients undergoing PCI for AMI marginally decreased between 2011–2012 and 2014–2015 (8,068 vs. 7,823; p=0.052). In procedures, drug-eluting stent was the most frequently used device (93.2%), followed by balloon angioplasty (5.5%) and bare metal stents (1.3%). The mean number of stents per patient was 1.39±0.64. At discharge, dual-anti platelet therapy, statin, beta-blockers, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker were provided to 76,292 (94.1%), 71,411 (88.0%), 57,429 (70.8%), and 54,418 (67.1%) patients, respectively. The mean in-hospital and 1-year total medical costs were 8,628,768±4,832,075 and 13,128,158±9,758,753 Korean Won, respectively. In-hospital mortality occurred in 2,094 patients (2.6%). CONCLUSIONS Appropriate healthcare strategies reflecting trends, characteristics, and clinical outcomes of PCI are needed in Korea.

PURPOSE: Metastasis from primary malignancies anywhere in the body can spread to the retroperitoneum and lead to ureteral obstruction. We evaluated the correlation between pathologic stages of stomach cancer and ureteral obstruction, and their urologic manifestations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients who had ureteral obstructions caused by stomach cancer were retrospectively analysed. Medical records associated with stomach cancer, urologic symptoms and signs, and methods of urinary diversion were reviewed. RESULTS: Pathologic stages of stomach cancer(UICC & AJC classification) at the time of primary surgery were stage III in 1 and IV in 8 patients. Mean time inteval between the diagnosis of stomach cancer and subsequent ureteral obstruction was 26.6 months(range: 2months-10years) and ureteral obstruction of 6 patients(60.0%) was discovered within 2 years. Urologic symptoms and signs were gross or microscopic hematuria(50.0%), elevated Cr(40.0%) and flank pain(40.0%). Nine out of 10 patients had one of these findings. Ureteral involvements were bilateral in 7(70.0%) and unilateral in 3 patients(30.0%). Sites of ureteral obstruction were upper ureter in 5 and midureter in 5 patients. 14 out of 17 obstructed kidneys were managed by double-J stent(7 kidneys) or percutaneous nephrostomy(7 kidneys). CONCLUSIONS: We believe that we should take into account the possibility of ureteral obstruction by direct invasion or lymph node metastasis in patients who had advanced stomach cancer. If such patients show hematuria, uremia or flank pain, secondary ureteral obstruction should be suspected. And malignant ureteral obstruction should be detected and managed as early as possible to preserve renal function.
Diagnosis ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lymph Nodes ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach* ; Uremia ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction* ; Urinary Diversion

Metastasis from primary malignancies anywhere in the body can spread to the retroperitoneum and lead to ureteral obstruction. Seventeen patients who had ureteral obstructions caused by advanced gastrointestinal malignancies have been retrospectively analyzed. The results are as follows: 1) Of the 17 patients, 9 were male and 8 were female, and the mean age was 56.9: with a range from 33 to 75. 2) In the 16 patients whose pathologic diagnose were confirmed by primary surgery, the pathologic stages of stomach cancer were stage III in 1 patient and IV in 6 patients, and those of colorectal cancer were stage B in 2 patients, C in 6 patients and D in 1 patient. 3) Urologic symptoms and signs were micro- or macroscopic hematuria (58.8%), elevated BUN (52.9%), and flank pain (29.4%). Sixteen out of 17 patients had one of these findings. 4) The time interval between the original diagnosis of a gastrointestinal malignancy and the subsequent ureteral obstruction in 11 patients (64.7%) was within 2 years. The time interval for a11 17 patients was 33.9 months with a range from 2 months to 10 years. 5) Ureteral involvement was bilateral in 10 patients (58.8%) and unilateral in 7 (41.2%). The levels of ureteral obstruction in stomach cancer were upper (5) and midureter (3), and those in colorectal cancer were upper (1), mid (1) and lower ureter (7). 6) Twenty out of 27 kidneys were managed by a double-J stent (5 kidneys) or a percutaneous nephrostomy (15 kidneys). In conclusion, we believe that the possibility of ureteral obstruction by direct invasion or lymph node metastasis should be taken into account in patients who have advanced gastrointestinal malignancies. If such patients show hematuria, elevated BUN, or flank pain, a secondary ureteral obstruction should be suspected. Also malignant ureteral obstructions should be detected and managed early to preserve the renal function.
Colorectal Neoplasms ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction*

Metastasis from primary malignancies anywhere in the body can spread to the retroperitoneum and lead to ureteral obstruction. Seventeen patients who had ureteral obstructions caused by advanced gastrointestinal malignancies have been retrospectively analyzed. The results are as follows: 1) Of the 17 patients, 9 were male and 8 were female, and the mean age was 56.9: with a range from 33 to 75. 2) In the 16 patients whose pathologic diagnose were confirmed by primary surgery, the pathologic stages of stomach cancer were stage III in 1 patient and IV in 6 patients, and those of colorectal cancer were stage B in 2 patients, C in 6 patients and D in 1 patient. 3) Urologic symptoms and signs were micro- or macroscopic hematuria (58.8%), elevated BUN (52.9%), and flank pain (29.4%). Sixteen out of 17 patients had one of these findings. 4) The time interval between the original diagnosis of a gastrointestinal malignancy and the subsequent ureteral obstruction in 11 patients (64.7%) was within 2 years. The time interval for a11 17 patients was 33.9 months with a range from 2 months to 10 years. 5) Ureteral involvement was bilateral in 10 patients (58.8%) and unilateral in 7 (41.2%). The levels of ureteral obstruction in stomach cancer were upper (5) and midureter (3), and those in colorectal cancer were upper (1), mid (1) and lower ureter (7). 6) Twenty out of 27 kidneys were managed by a double-J stent (5 kidneys) or a percutaneous nephrostomy (15 kidneys). In conclusion, we believe that the possibility of ureteral obstruction by direct invasion or lymph node metastasis should be taken into account in patients who have advanced gastrointestinal malignancies. If such patients show hematuria, elevated BUN, or flank pain, a secondary ureteral obstruction should be suspected. Also malignant ureteral obstructions should be detected and managed early to preserve the renal function.
Colorectal Neoplasms ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction*

Scrub typhus is an acute, febrile disease of humans that is caused by Orentia Tsutsugamushi. It is transmitted through the bite of chiggers. The spectrum of the clinical severity for scrub typhus ranges from mild to sever e with fatal complication such as meningoencephalitis, pneumonitis, myocarditis. Severe pulmonary involvement e.g. acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) and meningoencephalitis have rarely been obseved since the introduction of specific antibiotic therapy. We experienced a case of scrub typhus manifested with ARDS and meningoencephalitis. The patient was treated with doxycycline, anticonvulsant and mechanical ventilator thrapy.
Doxycycline ; Humans ; Meningoencephalitis* ; Myocarditis ; Pneumonia ; Scrub Typhus* ; Trombiculidae ; Ventilators, Mechanical

BACKGROUND: A randomized, double-blind, controlled study was conducted in patients undergoing elective knee arthroscopy to assess the analgesic effect of intraarticular bupivacaine alone and the combination of bupivacaine and clonidine. METHODS: Patients in bupivacaine group (n=15) received 0.125% bupivacaine 20 ml, patients in the bupivacaine and clonidine group (n=15) received a combination of 0.125% bupivacaine 20 ml and 150 microgram clonidine. These drugs were injected each other intraarticularly. We assessed postoperative pain by visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 and 24h after intraarticular injection. The need for supplemental analgesia was recorded. And the side effects of two groups were evaluated. RESULTS: VAS scores were significantly increased at 6hr after surgery than other times in bupivacaine group (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference of VAS score in bupivacaine and clonidine group. And in bupivacaine and clonidine group, VAS scores were significantly lower than that in bupivacaine group at 6 hr and 12 hr after surgery (p<0.05). Analgesic requirment was not used in bupivacaine and clonidine group, but 9 patients in bupivacaine group requires analgesics. Side effect in both groups, like hypotension and bradycardia, did not occur. CONCLUSIONS: Intraarticular 150 microgram clonidine with 0.125% bupivacaine 20 ml was significantly reduced postoperative pain following knee arthroscopy without side effect.
Analgesia* ; Analgesics ; Arthroscopy ; Bradycardia ; Bupivacaine* ; Clonidine* ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Injections, Intra-Articular ; Knee* ; Pain, Postoperative

PURPOSE: NOS2 induce NO production and NO activate TGF-beta. The TGF-beta is a inhibitor of NOS2. If this negative feedback mechanism operating in radiation pneumonitis model, NOS2 inhibitor may play a role in TGF-beta suppression. We planned this study to evaluate the expression patterns of NO, NOS2 and TGF-beta in vivo radiation pneumonitis model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty sprague-Dawley rat were irradiated 5 Gy or 20 Gy. They were sacrificed 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days after irradiation. During sacrifice, we performed broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL). The BAL fluids were centrifuged and supernatents were used for measure NO and TGF-beta, and the cells were used for RT-PCR. RESULTS: After 5 Gy of radiation, NO in BAL fluid increased at 28 days in both lung and TGF-beta in left lung at 56 days. NO increased in BAL fluid at 28 days in both lung after irradiation and TGF-beta in right lung at 28-56 days after 20 Gy of radiation. After 5 Gy of radiation, NOS2 expression was increased in right lung at 14 days, in both lung at 28 days and in left lung at 56 days. TGF-beta expression was reduced in both lung at 28 days and increased in left lung at 56 days. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed feedback mechanism of NO, NOS2 and TGF-beta was operated in vivo radiation pneumonitis model. At 56 days, however, NOS2 and TGF-beta expressed concurrently in left lung after 5 Gy and in both lung after 20 Gy of radiation.
Animals ; Lung* ; Radiation Effects* ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; Transforming Growth Factor beta*