No abstract available.
Pierre Robin Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Rhinitis* ; Skin Tests* ; Skin*

BACKGROUND: Obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) is one of the most widespread metabolic disorders in current society. However, there has been little research regarding the effects of HFD-induced obesity in the septa of animal models of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated septal effects of HFD on neuronal damage and gliosis induced by transient cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Body weight, blood glucose levels and serum lipid profiles levels were measured both in the normal diet (ND) and HFD-group. We also investigated the effects of ND and HFD on neuronal damage and gliosis in the septum after transient cerebral ischemia using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The levels of blood glucose, serum triglyceride, and total cholesterol were significantly increased in the HFD-fed gerbils compared with the ND-fed gerbils, although body weight was not significantly changed after HFD feeding. In the ND-fed gerbils, ischemia-induced neuronal damage was found in the septohippocampal nucleus (SHN) of the septum 7 days after ischemia. In the HFD-fed gerbils, ischemia-induced neuronal damage in the SHN was much more severe compared with that of the ND-fed gerbils 4 and 7 days after ischemia. In addition, we found that ischemia-induced glial activation including astrocytes and microglia was accelerated and exacerbated in the HFD-fed gerbils compared with that in the ND-fed gerbils. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that HFD can lead to much more severe effects in ischemia-induced neuronal damage/death in the septum after ischemia-reperfusion, and that it may be associated with accelerated change in glial activation.
Astrocytes ; Blood Glucose ; Body Weight ; Brain Ischemia ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Diet, High-Fat ; Dietary Fats* ; Gerbillinae* ; Gliosis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Attack, Transient* ; Microglia ; Models, Animal ; Neurons* ; Obesity ; Triglycerides

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Multiple passages of biopsy forceps increase wear and tear on both the channel of endoscope and forceps. The two-bite technique can save time in obtaining sufficient specimens and also reduce the wear of the instruments. The aim of this study was to assess prospectively the efficacy of two-bite forceps technique in relation to time-saving. METHODS: A total 84 patients needed histopathologic diagnosis for Helicobacter pylori were randomized into two groups (one-bite technique: 41 patients, two-bite technique: 43 patients). An experienced endoscopist carried out upper endoscopy and used same biopsy forceps (FB-25K(R), Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). Mucosal biopsy specimens were obtained as follow: two from the antrum followed by two from the body. Rebiopsy was done when biopsy specimen was lost. The mean time in obtaining specimens and missing rate were analyzed. An experienced pathologist blinded to the technique of obtaining the samples evaluated the specimens for diameter, depth, crush artifact, and adequacy for histopathologic diagnosis. RESULTS: A total 336 specimens were obtained from 84 patients. Of these, 12 (7.0%) samples were missed with the two-bite technique but only 1 (0.6%) with the one-bite technique (p=0.003). Regarding histopathologic evaluation, there were no significant differences between samples taken with the two-bite technique and the one-bite technique. The mean time with two-bite technique (47.6 sec) was compared with one-bite technique (62.6 sec)(p<0.001). But there was no significant time difference if samples were missing during the process (62.5 sec). CONCLUSIONS: Although two- bite technique saves the time for biopsy, the main limitation is that there is a significant risk of losing samples.
Artifacts ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Surgical Instruments

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Carcinogenesis is characterized by the abnormal regulation of cell cycle. The abnormal expression of the regulators of cell cycle may be related to the prognosis. Since the clinical significance of the expression of the three proteins in colorectal carcinomas is still controversial, we evaluated the prognostic value of the expression of cyclin E, p27 and mutant p53 in stage II colorectal cancer. METHODS: The expression levels of cyclin E, p27 and mutant p53 proteins in 41 patients with stage II colorectal carcinomas were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: In the univariate analysis, the level of CEA at diagnosis was associated with disease relapse. In the multivariate analysis, the clinicopathological variables such as age, gender, site of primary tumor, tumor size, state of tumor differentiation and preoperative plasma CEA level were not associated with disease relapse. When Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed to determine the prognosis, cyclin E, p27 and mutant p53 expressions did not predict poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that the expression of cyclin E, p27 and mutant p53 proteins did not predict the clinical outcome in the stage II colorectal carcinomas.
Adenocarcinoma/chemistry/*diagnosis/mortality/pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*analysis ; Colorectal Neoplasms/chemistry/*diagnosis/mortality/pathology ; Cyclin E/*analysis ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Prognosis ; Protein p53/*analysis/genetics ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Markers, Biological/analysis ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*analysis