A case of cutaneous cartilaginous tumor was diagnosed from solitary nadular skin lesion on a toe of 59-year old female. Lack of information about cartilage tumors in the dermatologic literature suggest that they rarely develop as supeficial lesions. General clinico-pathologic feature of the tumor is reviewed.
Cartilage ; Chondroma ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Skin ; Toes

BACKGROUND: Monofunctional psoralens plus UVA radiation are not severely phototoxic and have less mutagenic activity than bifunctional psoralens plus UVA radiation. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate pigment producing effect using various concentrations(0.02%, 0.1%, 0.5%) of monofunctional psoralens such as angelicin, khellin and comparing it's effect with TMP in topical photochemotherapy. METHOD: Ninty three C57BL mice were painted with either angelicin, khellin or TMP solution in concentrations of 0.02%, 0.1% and 0.5% each and were UVA irradiated. Skin biopsies were performed at 1,3,5 weeks after UVA irradiation. The pigment producing effects were measured by the number, area and perimeter of the melanocytes after topical PUVA. RESULTS: The comparison of melanocyte numbers between different psoralens after five weeks of photochemotherapy showed a significant difference in decreasing order of TMP, khellin and angelicin. The area and perimeter of melanocytes were larger in the TMP group after five weeks photochemotherapy than the other group. However in the khellin and angelicin group, the area and perimeter of melanocytes were not increased by increasing the frequency of the UVA irradiation. CONCLUSION: The number, area and perimeter of melanocytes after topical PUVA increased in the TMP group compared to angelicin or khellin group. We expect the clinical application of angelicin and khellin in vitiligo is possible considering the result of the study of pigment producing effect with a higher concentration and higher dose of UVA.
Animals ; Biopsy ; Ficusin* ; Furocoumarins ; Khellin ; Melanocytes* ; Methods ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Paint ; Photochemotherapy* ; Skin ; Thymidine Monophosphate ; Vitiligo

Since 1856, Mayer13) coined the term “osteotomy” for a tibial resection for an angular deformity, various shapes and designs of osteotomies in long bone or pelvis have been popularized to treat the malunion, osteoarthritis of hip and knee, bow leg, L.C.P., or C.D.H. etc. The purpose of corrective osteotomy for tibia is so different from that of upper extremity because it must be restored the weight bearing alignment, and equalize or minimize the leg length discrepancy. We respectively reviewed 14 cases with various angular deformities on tibia who were treated at Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Catholic Medical College from Jan. 1976 to Dec. 1984. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Causes of angular or rotational deformities of tibia were malunion in 11, bow leg in 2 and partial closure of distal tibial epiphysis in l. 2. Ten cases of tibial deformities exceeded over the 10° of medial or lateral angulation and 15° of anterior or posterior bowing were corrected for normal weight-bearing alignment in lower leg. And a rotational deformity may be so disabling to walk as to require surgery. So four cases of tibial angular deformities combined with more than 20° of external rotation and 5° of internal rotation were corrected for normal good looking walks. 3. The maximum length that can be gained by an opening wedge osteotomy was near the point of maximum angluation, but it could be changed by the cause of deformity and patient's age. We've done 4 cases of opening and 10 cases of closing wedge osteotomy. 4. Angular deformity in one plane due to fracture in children under 10 years of age may be corrected spontaneously by growth, but deformities due to bow leg or epiphyseal injury cann't be expected any spontaneous correction of deformity by growth. So three cases of tibial deformities due to bow leg or epiphyseal injury in children were corrected in earlier after recognition of that deformities because of possible damage to articular cartilage and the combined rotational deformities. 5. A slight deformity if the angulation involves near a joint, knee or ankle could be seriously disabling and so must be correctcd earlier. 6. Functional results of the corrective wedge osteotomy in angular and rotational deformities of tibia were excellent, good, fair in 4, 7 and 3, respectively.
Ankle ; Cartilage, Articular ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Epiphyses ; Genu Varum ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Leg ; Numismatics ; Osteoarthritis, Hip ; Osteotomy ; Pelvis ; Tibia ; Upper Extremity ; Weight-Bearing

Several observation suggest that the antimelanocyte autoantibodies could play a role in melanocyte destruction. Some experiments indicate that melanocyte antibodies from patients with vitiligo can kill melanocyte in vitro. In these experiments, we demonstrated that vitiligo patient's sera containing antimelanocyte antibodies can lyse cultured human melanocytes by complement activation. Melanocyte cytotoxicity was measured using the ethidium bromide/ acridine orange viability assay. Significant melanocyte cytotoxicity was seen in sera from patients with both active and inactive vitiligo(p<0.01). Melanocyte cytotoxicity measured with complement-mediated cytotoxicity decreased after systemic steroid treatment(p<0.05) ; however melanocyte cytotoxicity showed no significant change with systemic PUVA therapy.
Acridine Orange ; Antibodies ; Autoantibodies* ; Complement Activation ; Ethidium ; Humans ; Melanocytes ; PUVA Therapy ; Vitiligo*

BACKGROUND: It is reported by rnany t,hat UVB and large coses of UVA damage epidermal Langerhans cells. UVA irradiated skin produces reactive oxygen soecies such as superoxide anion(O ), hydrogen peroxide(H O), hydroxyl radical( OH) and singlet oxigen(O ). Reactive oxygen species such as O are invnlved in the process of decreasing the number if epidermal Langerhans cells after irradiation with UVB. However, no well established studies have been carried out after irradiation with UVA. OBJECTIVES: We wished to find out whether the UVA-induced decrease in the number of Ia Langerhans cells would be protected by scavengers of reactive oxiygen species. METHODS: We irradiated 200J/cm and 400J/cm of UVA on thi ears of C3H mice with or without intravenous injectior. of SOD, catalase, and sodium azide which are the scavengers of O , HO and O, respectively. We biopsied the ears of mice 2 days after irradiaion, stained them with immunope-roxidase technique, and counted the number of Langerhans cells. RESULTS: 1, There was significant decrease in the number of Ia Langerhans cells in the 200J/cm or 400J/cm of UVA irradiated group compared to the normal control group. 2. The pretreatment groups with SOD, catalase, and sodium to before irradiation with 200J/cm or 400J/cm of UVA showed less decrease in the number of la Langerhans cells compared to the 200J/cm or 400J/cm irradiated group with UVA only. CONCLUSION: Frorn the above result, we can deduce that reactive oxygen species are involved in the decrease in the number of Ia Langerhans cells induced by 200J/cm. or 400J/cm of UVA irradiation.
Animals ; Catalase ; Ear ; Hydrogen ; Langerhans Cells* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Oxygen ; Reactive Oxygen Species* ; Skin* ; Sodium ; Sodium Azide ; Superoxides

BACKGROUND: As the pleural inflammation progresses, exudative pleural fluid becomes loculated rapidly with pleural thickening. Complete drainage is important 13 prevent pleural fibrosis, entrapment and depression of lung function Intrapleural urokinase instillation therapy has been advocated as a method to facilitate drainage of gelatinous pleural fluid and to allow enzymatic debriment of pleural surface. This study was designed to investigate the Predictors of effeotiveness of intrapleural urokinase in treatment of loculated pleural effusion METHOD: Thirty-five patients received a single radiographically guided pig-tail catheter ranging in size from 10 to 12 French Twenty-two patients had tuberculous pleural effusions, and 13 had non-tuberculous postpneumonic empyemas. A total of 240,000 units of urokinase was dissolved in 240 ml of normal saline and the aliquots of 80mL was instilled into the pleura1 cavity via pig-tail catheter per every 8hr. Effectiveness of intrapleural urokinase instillation therapy was assessed by biochemical markers, ultrasonography, and technical details. A greater than 50% improvement on follow-up chest radiographs was defined as success group. RESULT: Twenty-seven of 35 (77.1%) patients had successful outcome to urokinase instillation therapy. Duration of symptoms before admission was shorter in sucess group (11.8α6.9day) than in failure group (26.62α16.5day) (P<0.05). Amount of drained fluid during urokinsse therapy was larger in success group (917.1α392.7ml) than in failure group (613.8α259.7ml) (P<0.05). Pleural fluid glucose was higher in success group (89.7 α35.9mg/dl) than in failure group (41.2α47.1mg/dl) (P<0.05). Pleural fluid LDH was lower in success group (878.4α654.31U/L) than in failure group (2711.1α973.1IU/L) (P<0.05). Honeycomb septated pattern on chest ultrasonography was observed in six of eight failure group, but none of success group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Longer duration of symptoms before admission smaller amount of drained fluid during urokinase therapy, lower glucose value, higher LDH value in pleural fluid examination and honeycomb septation pattern on chest ultrasonography were predictors for failure group of intrapleural urokinase instillation therapy.
Biomarkers ; Catheters ; Depression ; Drainage ; Empyema ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gelatin ; Glucose ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lung ; Pleural Effusion* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Thorax ; Ultrasonography ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator*

Sunlight is one of the well-established factors which play key roles in the induction and exacerbation of lupus erythematosus. In two patients of discoid lupus erythematosus, we have experimentally reproduced skin lesions by provocative phototesting. Both UVA (100 joules/cm²) and UVB (80 millijoules/cm²) radiation induced the skin lesions. The reproduced skin lesions were clinically and histopathologically consistent with lupus erythematosus.
Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid ; Reproduction* ; Skin ; Sunlight

Maintenance hemodialysis is a mainstay of the renal replacement therapy for patients with end stage renal disease. The development of modern hemodialysis is principally owing to the invention of artificial kidney machine and the establishment of a stable and practical dialysis access. The developmental history of vascular access surgery will be discussed with the heroic works of the pioneers.
Dialysis ; Humans ; Inventions ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidneys, Artificial ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Replacement Therapy

This study was undertaken to investigate the recovery of epidermal Langerhans cells in relation to time after UVA irradiation through different amounts and ways of exposure in CH mice. We irradiated the ears of C2H mice with UVA 200J/cm2 and 400J/cm2 in a single dose at one time or 5 fractionated doses for 5 days and performed biopsies on the ears of the control and experimental groups after 2, 7, 14, 21days of irradiation and stained them with immunoperoxidase method. The results are summarized as follows, l. We observed a significant decrease in the number of the Ia-positive epidermal Langerhans cells in the single-dose-exposed group compared to the fractionated- dose-exposed group on 7th and 14th days irradiated with UVA 200J/cm. 2. There was no significant difference in the change in the number of the Ia- positive epidermal Langerhans cells until 21 days of exposure between the single- dose-exposed group and the fractionated-dose-exposed group irradiated with UVA 400 J/cm 3. In the group irradiated with UVA 2003/cm, the reduced number of the Ia-positive epidermal Langerhans cells returned to normal on the 14th day after irradiation in the fractionated-dose-exposed group and on the 21st day in the single- dose-exposed group. In the group irradiated with 400J/cm, the number returned to normal on the 21st day of irradition both in the fractionated-dose-exposed group and in the single-dose-exposed group.
Animals ; Biopsy ; Ear ; Langerhans Cells* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H*

BACKGROUND: The clinical behavior of vitiligo has not been clearly understood and hypothesis concerning the pathogenesis of the disease has been confusing and contradictory though autoimmune mechanisms have been considered important by many authors. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop a better understanding of the clinical features and pathogenesis of vitiligo. METHODS: We investigated clinical features of vitiligo in 1315 patients, and also compared the clinical course and features of non-segmental type(type A) and segmental type(type B) vitiligo patients to see whether the two types of vitiligo have a different pathogenic mechanism. RESULTS: Previously reported clinical patterns of the disease were reviewed and compared with our data, and the different clinical findings between the two types which supported the hypothesis of Koga et al. that type A and type B vitiligo had a different pathogenesis and autoimmune mechanisms played a role only in type A were shown. CONCLUSION: We investigated the clinical characteristics of vitiligo in Korea and showed that the type A vitiligo might have a different pathogenic mechanism with type B.
Clinical Study* ; Humans ; Korea ; Vitiligo*