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The author analyzed the clinical study of 214 patients with congestive heart failure who were confirmed by the clinical symptoms and the laboratory findings among the admitted patients in Busan university Hospital between 1965 and 1972. The results were summarized as follows: There were males 127 and females 87 of 214 cases and the incidence was the highest in the 6th decade. The etiologic diagnosis was listed in table 2, that showed the rheumatic heart disease 34.6%, arteriosclerotic heart disease 23.8% and hypertensive heart disease 22.4% of total patients. The important symptoms such as dyspnea, palpitatia, fatigability, cough, chest discomfort and orthopnea were noticed and the physical findings such as heart murmur, hepatomegaly, edema, enlarged cervical veins, pulmonary congestion, arrhythmia and thrill were revealed on the admission. The venous pressure, measured in 85 patients, was above 150mm H20 in 71 cases. The serum chemical findings were listed in table 6 and abnormal retention of BSP was the most sensitive in congestive heart failure. The level of NPN, VUN and ceatinine was increased in one quarter of total cases. The clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were more severe in the right heart failure or the right and left heart failure than in the left heart failure. ESR was increased in 66.7% of cases and albuminuria was revealed in 47.1%. The E.C.G. findings at admission revealed prolonged Q-Tc(41%), inverted T wave(44.3%), LVH(43.2%), depressed ST segment (35.2%), flat T wave (30.7%) and atrial fibrillation(27.8%). The Chest X-ray findings showed cardiomegaly(42.2%), Pulmonary congestion and cardiomegaly(20.3%), pulmonary congestion (11.2%) and pericarditis (4.2%).
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Incidence

PURPOSE: To evaluate imaging characteristics of metastatic renal tumors in CT and US. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Renal metastases were diagnosed in 25 patients by surgery (n=2), US-guided biopsy (n=15), or follow-up CT (n=8). The primary tumors metastasized to kidney were lung cancer (n=11), adenold cystic carcinoma (n=3), stomach cancer (n=2), and choriocarcinoma (n=2). Twelve cases invloved one kidney and 13 invloved both kidneys. CT was performed in all 25 patients while US was done in 14. We analysed CT findings in respect to number, size, shape, exophytic degree, margin, and degree and homogeneity of the contrast enhancement of the lesion; US findings in regand to echogenicity and homogeneity of the lesion. RESULTS: The average number of the lesions per patient seen on CT was three;average diameter of the lesion was 3.6cm; and 75% (57/76) of all tumors had exophytic degree of 0%. The characteristic CT findings of metastatic renal tumors were round shape (52/76), ill-defined margin (54/76), and poor (76/76) and inhomogeneous (45/76) contrast enhancement. The echogenicity of the tumors were homogeneous (11/18) and isoechoic (10/18) on US. CONCLUSION: Metastatic renal tumors had a tendency of multiple, small, ill-marginated, and less-exophytic nature on CT, and homogeneous, isoechoic appearance on US. The familiarity with the constellation of CT and US findings of renal metastasis described may be helpful in making a correct diagnosis.
Biopsy ; Choriocarcinoma ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lung Neoplasms ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pregnancy ; Recognition (Psychology) ; Stomach Neoplasms

The detailed descriptions about clinical features and management of the different types of peripheral neuropathy are beyond the scope of this article. It may be appropriate here to outline general aspects of clinical features and classification of peripheral neuropathies. The clinical history and the abnormalities revealed by physical examination may either suggest the diagnosis or narrow down the diagnostic possibilities, facilitating subsequent investigation. Nerve conduction studies can provide crucial information and are best performed at initial examination. In general, the first broad determination should be made whether the patient has symmetrical polyneuropathy or focal, or multifocal neuropathies. The range of diagnostic possibilities differs between symmetrical polymeuropathy and mutifocal neuropathy. For those patients with symmetrical polyneuropathy, the clinical pattern (that is, whether it is motor, sensory, or mixed, or whether it has proximal or distal distribution) can provide useful information, as well as the rapidity of onset and previous clinical course in established cases. Managements of peripheral neuropathy and planning of its treatment mostly depend on the confirmative diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy. Thus, the best knowledge and understanding of basic principles of peripheral neuropathies are required for facilitating the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathies.
Classification ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Neural Conduction ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Physical Examination ; Polyneuropathies

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Diuretics ; Edema*

Congestive heart failure denotes the disturbance of the ability of the heart to maintain an adequate blood flow to the tissues and organs. It was confirmed that the cardiac output was reduced in severe congestive heart failure but if the clinical symptoms were improved after the treatment, the cardiac output was increased. The extrarenal disturbances such as congestive heart failure probably influence the kidney by causing a reduction in renal blood flow sufficient to reduce renal function but they do not produce anatomic injury and so. Consequently the renal decompression has been termed reversible uremia or functional renal failure. A reduction in glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow is the basis for the rise in serum creatinine in prerenal failure. I would like to publish this paper because there were a few reports about the serum urea nitrogen and creatinine in chronic congestive heart failure. Serum NPN, BUN and creatinine values in 150 patients with chronic congestive heart failure, who were admitted in Busan university Hospital between 1965 and 1975, were measured on the admission and after the treatment for the congestive heart failure. The range of the serum NPN was 15~121mg% in 119 cases with congestive heart failure and 44 of them (36.97%) had the serum NPN above 30mg%. The range of serum BUN 7.5~103mg% in 129 cases and the serum BUN was above 20mg% in 49 of them (37.98%). The range of the creatinine was 0.15~20mg% in 146 cases and the serum creatinine was above 1.25mg% in 47 of them (32.19%). After the treatment for the congestive heart failure, the serum NPN, BUN and creatinine returned to the normal value. None had the increased serum NPN, BUN and creatinine among the left heart failure, but the serum NPN, BUN and creatinine were increased only among the left and right heart failure.
Busan ; Cardiac Output ; Creatinine* ; Decompression ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Heart ; Heart Failure* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Nitrogen ; Reference Values ; Renal Circulation ; Renal Insufficiency ; Urea ; Uremia

Recently several adrenergic beta receptor blocking agents such as dichloroisoprenaline, pronethalol, INPEA, H13/57, propranolol, sotalol, tolamolol, practolol and butoxamine were reported. It has been postulated for some time that there are two subgroups of beta receptors: cardiac receptors (beta 1-eceptor) and peripheral receptors (beta 2-receptor) responsible for vasodilatation and broncholdilatation. More recently, the cardioselective beta blockers have been developed; for example, practolol, and talamolol. Rabbits were anesthetized by the peritoneal injection of urethane 1 gm/kg and observed for 30 minutes. Arrhythmias were produced with lanatocide-C and norepinephrine through the ear vein of the anesthetized rabbits. Arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contraction and ventricular tachycardia were present within 7 minutes to 20 minutes after the injection of lanatocide-C 0.9mg, and within 15 seconds to 2 minutes after the injection of norepinephrine 150ug. Propranolol or practolol were injected before and after the production of the arrhythmias and so Lead II of the electrocardiogram was obtained from nedle electrodes inserted into the skin. Practolol was compared with propranolol on the changes of the heart rates and the arrhytmias produced by the injection of norepinephrine and lanatocide-C. The intravenous injection of propranolol and practolol reduced the heart rate but practolol reduced much lesser than propranolol. All of arrhythmias produced by lanatocide-C in anesthetzedrabbits were not abolished by practolol, but it blocked and prevented the development of arrhythmias in anesthetized rabbits on the administration of norepinephrine.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Butoxamine ; Ear ; Electrocardiography ; Electrodes ; Heart Rate ; Injections, Intravenous ; Norepinephrine ; Practolol* ; Propranolol ; Rabbits ; Skin ; Sotalol ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; Urethane ; Vasodilation ; Veins ; Ventricular Premature Complexes

The effects of Prazosin administered alone or in combination were studied in 30 hypertensive patients at the Busan national University Hospital, Korea, between August 1974 and march 1975. The Patients were studied for up to 6 months; their ages ranged from 17 years to 68 years with mean age 51.4 years; 15 patients were male and 15 female. Satisfactory control of blood pressure was achieved in all patients. The group controlled by prazosin alone had the lowest mean original blood pressures, the group requiring prazosin plus polythiazide occupied an intermediate position, and the group requiring prazosin plus polythiazide plus beta blockade had the highest mean original blood pressures. 6 patients responded satisfactorily to prazosin, alone. In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 185+/-16 and 150+/-12mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures 106+/-5 and 90+/-3mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 173+/-13 and 134+/-4mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures 102+/-5mmHg and 81+/-6mmHg respectively. 17 patients responded satisfactorily to the combination of prazosin and polythiazide. In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 197+/-26 and 148+/-16mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 121+/-13 and 92+/-6mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treament were 188+/-27 and 148+/-16mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 110+/-14 and 85+/-5mmHg respectively. The remaining 7 patients responded satisfactorily to the combination of prazosin, polythiazide and a beta blocking agent (tolamolol). In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 230+/-25 and 181+/-6mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 138+/-15 and 93+/-6mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 224+/-24 and 151+/-9mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 136+/-12 and 75+/-4mmHg respectively. 5 patients complained of headache, palpitations and general malaise; oedema was observed in 5 patients; 5 patients complained of drowsiness and 5 patients, fatiguability. In each case the side effects were of short duration not lasting beyond 3 days.
Blood Pressure ; Busan ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Polythiazide ; Prazosin* ; Sleep Stages

The effects of Prazosin administered alone or in combination were studied in 30 hypertensive patients at the Busan national University Hospital, Korea, between August 1974 and march 1975. The Patients were studied for up to 6 months; their ages ranged from 17 years to 68 years with mean age 51.4 years; 15 patients were male and 15 female. Satisfactory control of blood pressure was achieved in all patients. The group controlled by prazosin alone had the lowest mean original blood pressures, the group requiring prazosin plus polythiazide occupied an intermediate position, and the group requiring prazosin plus polythiazide plus beta blockade had the highest mean original blood pressures. 6 patients responded satisfactorily to prazosin, alone. In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 185+/-16 and 150+/-12mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures 106+/-5 and 90+/-3mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 173+/-13 and 134+/-4mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures 102+/-5mmHg and 81+/-6mmHg respectively. 17 patients responded satisfactorily to the combination of prazosin and polythiazide. In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 197+/-26 and 148+/-16mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 121+/-13 and 92+/-6mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treament were 188+/-27 and 148+/-16mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 110+/-14 and 85+/-5mmHg respectively. The remaining 7 patients responded satisfactorily to the combination of prazosin, polythiazide and a beta blocking agent (tolamolol). In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 230+/-25 and 181+/-6mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 138+/-15 and 93+/-6mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 224+/-24 and 151+/-9mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 136+/-12 and 75+/-4mmHg respectively. 5 patients complained of headache, palpitations and general malaise; oedema was observed in 5 patients; 5 patients complained of drowsiness and 5 patients, fatiguability. In each case the side effects were of short duration not lasting beyond 3 days.
Blood Pressure ; Busan ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Polythiazide ; Prazosin* ; Sleep Stages

No abstract available.
Diagnostic Errors*