Baker's cyst is found as most frequent cystic mass around the knee occurring between medial head of gastrocnemius muscle and semimembranosus muscle. The proximal or posterolateral extension of the cyst had been rarely reported and the cyst into the surrounding muscular tissue extremely rare. Intramuscular Baker's cyst that we report was found between lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle and popliteus tendon, and then extended into the plantaris muscle. With review of the literature, we here report a very rare case of plantaris muscular extension of Baker's cyst.
Head ; Knee ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Popliteal Cyst ; Tendons

PURPOSE: To evaluate retrospectively the survival outcome, patterns of failure, and complications in patients treated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in advanced gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2000 and December 2006, 80 patients with advanced gastric cancer who received postoperative concurrent CRT were included. Pathological staging was IB-II in 9%, IIIA in 38%, IIIB in 33%, and IV in 21%. Radiotherapy consisted of 45 Gy of radiation. Concurrent chemotherapy consisted of a continuous intravenous infusion of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin on the first 4 days and last 3 days of radiotherapy. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 48 months (range, 3 to 83 months). The 5-year overall survival, disease-free survival, and locoregional recurrence-free survivals were 62%, 59%, and 80%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, significant factors for disease-free survival were T stage (hazard ratio [HR], 0.278; p = 0.038), lymph node dissection extent (HR, 0.201; p = 0.002), and maintenance oral chemotherapy (HR, 2.964; p = 0.004). Locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis occurred in 5 (6%) and 18 (23%) patients, respectively. Mixed failure occurred in 10 (16%) patients. Grade 3 leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were observed in 4 (5%) and one (1%) patient, respectively. Grade 3 nausea and vomiting developed in 8 (10%) patients. Intestinal obstruction developed in one (1%). CONCLUSION: The survival outcome of the postoperative CRT in advanced gastric cancer was similar to those reported previously. Our postoperative CRT regimen seems to be a safe and effective method, reducing locoregional failure without severe treatment toxicity in advanced gastric cancer patients.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Fluorouracil ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Leucovorin ; Leukopenia ; Lymph Node Excision ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nausea ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Thrombocytopenia ; Vomiting

Extra-adrenal abdominal paragangliomas are rare. Most arise from the organs of Zuckerkandl, involve large concentrations of paraganglionic tissue, and are located in the para-aortic space along the sympathetic chain. Published reports have, however, described normal paraganglionic tissue at the root of the mesentery which serves as the superior limit of the organs of Zuckerkandl, and mesenteric paraganglioma is very rare. We report a case of paraganglioma with cystic degeneration arising from the mesentery.
Mesentery ; Para-Aortic Bodies ; Paraganglioma*

Malignant transformation of heterotopic pancreas is extremely rare. We report a case of ductal adenocarcinoma arising from heterotopic pancreas in the stomach of a 64-year-old man. Preoperative CT scans showed the lesion as a submucosal mass along the greater curvature of the pyloric antrum and protruding into the pyloric canal. After gastric surgery, the resected tumor was histopathologically diagnosed as a ductal adenocarcinoma arising from heterotopic pancreas with cystic dilatation of aberrant pancreatic duct.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pyloric Antrum ; Stomach* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: Lower urinary tract dysfunction is the most common complication after radical pelvic surgery. The aims of this study were to assess the effect of radical hysterectomy (RH) on the storage function of the lower urinary tract and to evaluate the impact of radiation therapy (RT) on postoperative urodynamic parameters. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of preoperative and postoperative urodynamic variables, which were prospectively collected. All women from 2006 to 2008, who underwent RH for uterine cervical cancer with a stage of 1A to 2B with or without adjuvant RT were enrolled. All patients were divided into two groups: group 1, without RT, and group 2, with adjuvant RT. Urodynamic studies were performed before, 10 days after, and 6 months after RH. RESULTS: A total of 42 patients with a mean (+/-standard error) age of 51.9 (+/-12.3) years were analyzed. There were no significant differences in age, body mass index or clinical stage between the two groups. On the 10th postoperative day, all parameters were decreased except postvoid residual volume. In comparison with group 2 (n=14), group 1 (n=28) showed a significant increase in bladder compliance. At 6 months postoperatively, bladder compliance in group 1 had increased four times or more compared with that on postoperative 10 days. However, it had increased only 2.5 times in group 2 at the same time point (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest that adjuvant RT after RH might result in a deterioration of bladder compliance. It is highly suggested that practitioners pay attention to low bladder compliance, especially in patients who have adjuvant RT after RH.
Body Mass Index ; Compliance ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Prospective Studies ; Residual Volume ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract ; Urodynamics ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the reporting rates of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) to the spontaneous reporting system (SRS) and its predictors among individuals with AEFIs after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. METHODS: A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted from December 2, 2021 to December 20, 2021, recruiting participants >14 days after completion of a primary COVID-19 vaccination series. Reporting rates were calculated by dividing the number of participants who reported AEFIs to the SRS by the total number of participants who experienced AEFIs. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) using multivariate logistic regression to determine factors associated with spontaneous AEFIs reporting. RESULTS: Among 2,993 participants, 90.9% and 88.7% experienced AEFIs after the first and second vaccine doses, respectively (reporting rates, 11.6 and 12.7%). Furthermore, 3.3% and 4.2% suffered moderate to severe AEFIs, respectively (reporting rates, 50.5 and 50.0%). Spontaneous reporting was more prevalent in female (aOR, 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31 to 1.81); those with moderate to severe AEFIs (aOR, 5.47; 95% CI, 4.45 to 6.73), comorbidities (aOR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.57), a history of severe allergic reactions (aOR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.47 to 2.77); and those who had received mRNA-1273 (aOR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.49) or ChAdOx1 (aOR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.15 to 2.30) vaccines versus BNT162b2. Reporting was less likely in older individuals (aOR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.98 to 0.99 per 1-year age increment). CONCLUSIONS Spontaneous reporting of AEFIs after COVID-19 vaccination was associated with younger age, female sex, moderate to severe AEFIs, comorbidities, history of allergic reactions, and vaccine type. AEFIs under-reporting should be considered when delivering information to the community and in public health decision-making.

Background: Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have been distributed worldwide under emergency use authorization, the real-world safety profiles of mRNA vaccines still need to be clearly defined. We aimed to identify the overall incidence and factors associated with adverse events (AEs) following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: We conducted web-based survey from December 2 to 10 in 2021 with a 2,849 nationwide sampled panel. Study participants were individuals who had elapsed at least twoweeks after completing two dosing schedules of COVID-19 vaccination aged between 18–49 years. We weighted the participants to represent the Korean population. The outcome was the overall incidence of AEs following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and associated factors.We estimated the weighted odds ratios (ORs) using multivariable logistic regression models to identify the factors associated with AEs. Results: Of the 2,849 participants (median [interquartile range] age, 35 [27–42] years; 51.6% male), 90.8% (n = 2,582) for the first dose and 88.7% (n = 2,849) for the second dose reported AEs, and 3.3% and 4.3% reported severe AEs, respectively. Occurrence of AEs was more prevalent in mRNA-1273 (OR, 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.59–2.67 vs. BNT162b2), female sex (1.88; 1.52–2.32), and those with dermatologic diseases (2.51; 1.32–4.77). History of serious allergic reactions (1.96; 1.06–3.64) and anticoagulant medication use (4.72; 1.92–11.6) were associated with severe AEs. Conclusion Approximately 90% of participants reported AEs following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Substantial factors, including vaccine type (mRNA-1273), female sex, and dermatologic diseases were associated with AEs. Our findings could aid policymakers in establishing vaccination strategies tailored to those potentially susceptible to AEs.

Barrett's esophagus is defined as the replacement of normal squamous epithelium of distal esophagus with specialized columnar epithelium. This condition is considered to be a premalignant lesion of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Barrett's esophagus is classified into long-segment (> or = 3 cm in length) and short-segment ( <3 cm in length). Detection of the former is more difficult. Adenocarcinomas arising from short-segment Barrett's esophagus are uncommon in Korea. Barrett's adenocarcinoma restricted to the mucosa can be treated by endoscopic mucosectomy. In recent years, endoscopic submucosal dissection for early esophageal cancer has been extensively applied because it is a reliable method to achieve en bloc resection. In this paper, we report a case of esophageal adenocarcinoma arising from ultrashort-segment Barrett's esophagus, which was successfully resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection.
Adenocarcinoma ; Barrett Esophagus ; Epithelium ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagus ; Korea ; Mucous Membrane

PURPOSE: Many clinics have abandoned the use of a proximal subtotal gastrectomy for adenocarcinomas of the stomach because of the poor survival rate, the high incidence of operative complication, and the lack of an advantage saving the antral stump. The authors performed an esophagogastrostomy after a proximal subtotal gastrectomy without pyloroplasty and evaluated the outcome of this pylorus-preserving proximal subtotal gastrectomy. METHODS: After the pylorus-preserving proximal subtotal gastrectomy in 16 patients with a gastric adenocarcinoma, the status of the esophageal and gastric mucosa was evaluated using endoscopy, and the function of the pylorus was estimated using an upper gastrointestinal series. In this clinical study, the data were collected between September 1996 and August 1999 at Chungnam National University Hospital. RESULTS: The function of the pylorus of the stomach was well preserved without any severe reflux from the duodenum. The incidences of esophagitis and gastritis were 11 out of 16 patients and 3 out of 16 patients, respectively, in this operation. Esophageal stricture developed in 5 out of 16 patients. CONCLUSION: The pylorus-preserving proximal subtotal gastrectomy (without conventional pyloroplasty) is effective in terms of preventing postoperative reflux gastritis. The emptying mechanism of the pyloric sphincter and the reservoir function of the stomach were well preserved in this study. We think that the pylorus-preserving proximal subtotal gastrectomy is one of useful methods for early adenocarcinomas of the proximal stomach. However, reflux esophagitis and stricture of the esophagogastrostomy site are common problems to be solved in the future.
Adenocarcinoma ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Duodenum ; Endoscopy ; Esophageal Stenosis ; Esophagitis ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; Gastrectomy* ; Gastric Mucosa ; Gastritis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pylorus* ; Stomach ; Survival Rate

As breast cancer in patients who have undergone augmentation mammoplasty is usually detected late, prognosis is worse than it would otherwise be. Mammography has led to remarkable in the diagnosis of breast cancer, but didnot so in cancer arising from augmented breasts. FDG-PET, which uses fluorine-18-fluorodeoxy glucose (FDG), a glucose non-metabolized analogue , is able to detect breast cancer which shows more active rates of glucose metabolism. Cancer in a radioopaque dense breast, such as breast with silicone- or paraffin-augmentation and is not found by mammography, might be detected by FDG-PET. We tried to find out diagnostic efficienty of FDG-PET in detecting breast cancer with augmented breast. Between June 1995 and November 1997, eight patients had a history of breast augmentation with silicone or paraffin. Although most of them were examined at local clinic by physical exam, mammography or ultrasonography before visiting our hospital, definitive diagnosis could not be made. One patients wanted both breasts augmentsed with paraffin to be removed, and PET evaluated a total of nine lesions with pathological confirmation. As a result, the mammography detected the breast cancer in only one out of three malignancies, and ultrasonography made false positive result in one patient in augmented breast. In contrast, PET scan predicted all of malignancies and five out of six benign lesions precisely. Two of three breast cancers had axillary FDG uptake interpreted as consistent with metastatic involvement, and in one case with cancer of negative axillary lymph node involvement there was no FDG uptake in the axilla, which were correlated to pathologic finding. Although its high cost made the use of PET as a screening test for all augmented breast not feasible, it would, however, be the best diagnostic choice if other methods failed.
Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Electrons* ; Female ; Glucose ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mammaplasty ; Mammography ; Mass Screening ; Metabolism ; Paraffin ; Positron-Emission Tomography* ; Prognosis ; Silicones ; Ultrasonography