Acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction may result from chronic infection, lacrimal stones, anatomical variations such as aberrant ethmoid cells, facial fractures, or complications following nasal surgery. In Korea, there has been no reported case of secondary nasolacrimal duct obstruction due to a retention cyst in the lacrimal sac. Recently, the authors encountered a 65-year-old female patient who presented with epiphora, was diagnosed with a lacrimal sac retention cyst, and was successfully treated with endoscopic marsupialization.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: For patients with bilateral carotid artery stenosis, simultaneous bilateral carotid endarterectomy is rarely performed due to a higher perioperative risk for death and strokes. We assessed the immediate and long-term outcomes of simultaneous bilateral carotid stenting (SBCS) for internal carotid stenosis in patients at high surgical risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed 10 patients who underwent SBCS for de novo stenoses of both internal carotid arteries (ICA). Included were those who had 60% to 99% stenosis of extracranial ICAs irrespective of neurologic symptoms and had more than 2 risk factors of Mayo grade III (medical risks) or IV (neurologic risks). RESULTS: The patients had a mean age of 67+/-7 years. Technical success was achieved in all lesions. The mean percent diameter stenosis was reduced from 79+/-13% to 8+/-8%. A total of 21 Wallstents were deployed at 20 lesions. One patient had a minor stroke just after the procedure which was completely resolved with local injection of urokinase. There were no deaths, major strokes or myocardial infarctions during the 30 day follow-up. Six months imaging studies were available on all 9 eligible patients with 18 lesions by duplex sonography and angiography. Late clinical follow-up at a mean of 15.1+/-8.1 months revealed no occurrence of neurologic event or death. CONCLUSION: SBCS is feasible, safe and effective to treat bilateral de novo ICA stenoses in patients at high surgical risk. The procedure, however, is investigational and more experience is required to define its role in the treatment of this patient population.
Angiography ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Carotid Stenosis* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Endarterectomy, Carotid ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Risk Factors ; Stents* ; Stroke ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Decompression* ; Laminectomy*

BACKGROUND: Quyyumi et al described circadian variation of ischemic eletrocardio-graphic changes and heart rate in patients with and without significant coronary disease in 1985. Rocco et al also described circadian variation of transient myocaldial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease. They also noted an increse in ischemic eletrocardiographic abnormalities in the morning hours.In recent years the important of circadian variation of cardiovascular phenomena has generated a great deal of interest. Such phonomena include the occurrence of ischemia in patients with both chronic stable angina and variant angina, myocaldial infarction, sudden cardiac death, ventricular arrhythmia and platelet aggregability. METHOD: To examine whether a significant circadain variation of transient myocardial ischemia exists and to better understand the character of such variation, 35 patients with againa pectoris(15 patients treated with nitrate and/or caclcum channel blocker and 20 patients without treatment) underwent 24 hours ambulatory monitoring of ischemic ST segment changes during daily life. RESULT: Only 21% of the episodes of ST depression were accompanied by chest pain. While 79% were asymptomatic. A significant circadian increase in ischemic activity was found with 44% of episodes and 40% of total ischemic time in not treated group, and 52% of episodes and 56% of total ischemic time in treated group, occuring between 6 A.M. to 12 P.M.(P<0.05 respectively) When the distribution of ischemic episodes was corrected for the variable time of waking, the peak ischemic activity was occuring in the 1st and 2nd hours after rising. There were no significant differences in heart rate at onset and heart rate at 1 min before onset. CONCLUSION: Is summary, transient myocardial ischemia in the absence of pain was more common and there were a significant circadian variation of transient myocardial ischemia with peak activity in the morning. In addition most of transient myocardial were not preceded by a rise in heart rate.
Angina, Stable ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Blood Platelets ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Disease ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Depression ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infarction ; Ischemia ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Myocardial Ischemia*

PURPOSE: We evaluated oncologic outcomes of chondrosarcomas and analyzed the disease-free survival rate of chondrosarcomas according to the various factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study for the disease-free survival rate of 48 chondrosarcomas, 44 of which underwent surgical treatment and followed up more than 18 months since 1993, and in the remaining 4 cases, the patients died before 18 months after surgery. The vsariables were location, tumor volume, histologic grade, stage, age at presentation and treatment performed. The mean follow up period was 43.8 months (1-196 months). RESULTS: The overall disease-free survival rate was 77.1% at mean 43.8 month follow up. The 5 year- and 10 year disease-free survival rates were 64% and 58% respectively. The histologic grade, stage, age at presentation revealed statistical significance on disease-free survival. All 9 patients treated with extended curettage for grade 1 central chondrosarcomas revealed disease-free survival with excellent functional outcome. CONCLUSION: The disease-free survival rate of chondrosarcomas mainly depended on histologic grade, stage and age at presentation. Local recurrence and distant metastasis also revealed statistically significant differences of disease-free survival rate. Comparing to wide resection, extended curettage for low-grade central chondrosarcomas in extremities were efficient methods with similar survival rate and less functional losses and complications.
Chondrosarcoma ; Curettage ; Disease-Free Survival ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Burden

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

Recently the Korean Neonatal Network (KNN) was established in order to enhance treatment outcomes further through the registration of very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWI) data. The present study was conducted on 2,606 VLBWI, 2,386 registered and 220 un-registered, in the KNN participating centers, with the objective of reporting on recent survival rates of VLBWI in Korea and verifying the changing trends in survival rates with data from the 1960s and beyond. The study also aimed to compare the premature infants' survival rate in Korea with those reported in neonatal networks of other countries. The recent survival rate of VLBWI increased more than twice from 35.6% in the 1960s to 84.8%, and the survival rate of the extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI) increased by more than 10 times, indicating improvement of the survival rate in premature infants with lower birth weight and gestational age. Comparison of VLBWI between countries showed improved survival rates according to each birth weight group in Canada, Australia-New Zealand, and European countries with Japan at the head, but in terms of comparison based on gestational age, differences, except for Japan, have been reduced. Efforts to increase the survival rate of premature infants in Korea with low birth rate are inevitable, and they should be the foundation of academic and clinical development based on its network with advanced countries.
Databases, Factual ; Europe ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality/*trends ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; *Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Japan ; Republic of Korea

Takayasu's arteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology involving the aorta, major branches of aorta, and pulmonary arteries and leads either stenosis and occlusion of the involved artery or aneurysm formation or both. The clinical course and prognosis are variable according to two major prognostic factors, ie, complications and the pattern of the past clinical course, as well as by ESR. Though the aggressive medical and surgical treatment are required for patients with a major complication and a progressive course, surgical reconstruction entails a high incidence of suture line complications including stenosis or dilatation. Moreover all the vascular lesions are amenable for vascular surgery. Initial reports revealed excellent results of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in patients with Takayasu's arteritis. However the suboptimal results and restenosis have been the main limitations of the PTA. Stenting has some benefits for early elastic recoil of the fibrotic vessels and restenosis as in other large vessels in Takayasu's arteritis or atherosclerosis. We report early and long-term results of two cases of carotid stenting in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis and Takayasu's arteritis, which revealed variable angiographic results according to clinical courses and recommend that stenting in Takayasu's arteritis may be another treatment modality in inactive Takayasu's arteritis.
Aneurysm ; Angioplasty ; Aorta ; Arteries ; Atherosclerosis ; Carotid Arteries* ; Carotid Stenosis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Artery ; Stents* ; Sutures ; Takayasu Arteritis

Supernumerary teeth, which is described as teeth or tooth substance that develops in excess of deciduous and permanent teeth, most commonly involve the anterior maxilla. Mesiodens are one type of supernumerary teeth that develops in paramedian space of premaxilla. Sometimes mesiodens can be inverted with its crown facing the nasal cavity. Because of its own pathology and possible disruption of neighboring normal teeth, supernumerary teeth should be removed regardless of its eruption. We experienced two cases of mesiodens detected in the nasal floor and so report these cases with a review of literature.
Crowns ; Maxilla ; Nasal Cavity* ; Pathology ; Tooth ; Tooth, Supernumerary