No Abstract Available.
Adult* ; Capsulorhexis* ; Cataract* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans

PURPOSE: To investigate the visual prognosis, the interval, and the rate of development of after-cataract following cataract surgery in atopic dermatitis. METHODS: Twenty eyes of 13 patients diagnosed as cataract associated with atopic dermatitis were operated between January, 1994 and January, 2000. Visual acuity, postoperative inflammatory reaction, the interval, and the rate of development of after-cataract were investigated and compared with the cataract cases without atopic dermatitis. RESULTS: The average preoperative best corrected visual acuity of 20 eyes was 0.23+/-0.22. The average postoperative best corrected visual acuity at 1, 2, 7, and 12 months after surgery were 0.78+/-0.23, 0.83+/-0.16, 0.78+/-0.23, 0.83+/-0.26, respectively. These values showed no significant difference compared to the postoperative visual acuity of the cataract cases without atopic dermatitis. Aqueous flares measured with laser flare meter were 15.09+/-9.20, 11.15+/-4.68, and 7.38+/-0.75 photon counts/millisecond at 10 days, 1, and 2 months after surgery, which did not seem to influence the final visual acuity and the development of after-cataract (p>0.05). Among the 20 eyes, 66.67% finally developed after-cataract and the average time interval of the development of after-cataract was 11.25+/-4.22 months. CONCLUSIONS: Visual prognosis following cataract surgery in atopic dermatitis is good, while after-cataract seems to develop more frequently and earlier compared to the cases without atopic dermatitis.
Aqueous Humor ; Cataract* ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Humans ; Prognosis* ; Visual Acuity

The efficacy of acetaminophen, sponging plus acetaminophen, and sponging alone as method of lowering body temperature was compared in 108 children aged 8 weeks to 5 years who presented with an axillary temperature of 38.5degrees C or greater during the period from January 1993 to April 1993. The following results were obtained. 1) The male to female ratio was 2.5:1 and clinical diagnosis in the order of frequency were upper respiratory infection, gastroenteritis, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, cellulitis, chickenpox and hand-foot-mouth disease. 2) At thirty minutes after treatment, there was no significant difference on the decrement of temperature among the three groups. 3) At sixty minutes, the temperature decrement was the greatest in the group of sponging plus acetaminophen and that was statistically significant (P<0.01). But there was no significant difference between the group of acetaminophen and that of sponging.
Acetaminophen ; Body Temperature ; Cellulitis ; Chickenpox ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fever* ; Gastroenteritis ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumonia ; Urinary Tract Infections

The authors determined the value of performing urine microscopy on biochemically negative urine sepcimens in a pediatric population. The 746 urine specimens of patients who were either visited or admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, National Police Hospital, from March 1991 to July 1992 were reviewed on the basis of comparative evaluation of biochemical and microscopic urine analysis. Eight reactions of Clinitek(r) 200 were used as biochemical indicators, namely, pH, nitrite, albumin, glucose, ketone, urobilinogen, bilirubin, and blood. Out of 746 urine specimens studied, 186 were true positive. Thirty-six specimens reacted biochemically in the absence of positive microscopic findings (false postive), 492 specimens were true negatives. Thirty-two specimens had negative biochemical indicators, in spite of positive microscopy. The sensitivity of the biochemical parameters for predicting significant microscopy of urinary sediment is 85% and the specificity is 99%. The positive predictive value is 69.7% and the negative predictive value is 99.3%. The sensitivity of blood for RBC is 94%. and the specificity is 99%. The predictive value of a positive result is 84.6% and that of a negative result is 99.7%. We therefore conclude that urine microscopy is less necessary in biochemically negative urine specimens from asymptomatic pediatric patients, with hopefully resultant time and cost effectiveness.
Bilirubin ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Microscopy ; Pediatrics ; Police ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urinalysis* ; Urobilinogen

Oguchi's disease is an unusual form of congenital stationary night blindness that is characterized by a peculiar grey-white discoloration of the retina that gives a metallic sheen. After prolonged dark adaptation, the unusual fundus discoloration disappeared and the retina slowly reverted to its original metallic color after exposure to the light. A 20-year-old man was referred for study because of a complaint of night blindness since childhood. As results of diagnostic work up, especially based on typical ocular fundus finding, dark adaptometry and electrophysiologic studies of the retina the authors have diagnosed as a Oguchi's disease. We report this case with the review of the literature.
Dark Adaptation ; Humans ; Night Blindness ; Retina ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Mesenteric Lymphadenitis*

To determine whether liposome-encapsulated tobramycin is less toxic than commercial tobramycin and the threshold dose of liposome-encapsulated tobramycin required to produce toxic reactions when it was injected intravitreally in rabbit, we used liposome-encapsulated tobramycin, tobramycin in PBS, mixture of tobramycin and liposome-encapsulated saline, liposome-encapsulated saline and normal saline respectively. After those were injected, we examined the histologic findings and the functional changes of the retina. The final results are summarized as follows; 1. When tobramycin was injected intravitreally alone, there was no toxic reaction of the retina histologically and functionally with dosage 500 micro gram of commercial tobramycin, but dosage more than 750 micro gram produced toxic reaction. 2. When liposome-encapsulated tobramycin was injected intravitreally, there was toxic reaction of the retina histologically and functionally with dosage 1500 micro gram of tobramycin. 3. When a mixture of tobramycin and liposome-encapsulated saline was injected intravitreally, there was similar toxic reaction as tobramycin used alone with dosage more than 750 micro gram of tobramycin. Liposome-encapsulated saline and normal saline did not produce toxic reaction. The above results indicate that liposome encapsulation markedly reduces the ocular toxicity of tobramycin and that as mnch as dosage 1000 micro gram of liposome-encapsulated tobramycin may be tolerated by the intravitreal route in the rabbit eye. Therefore, the results of this study offer some hope that we may use the method of intravitreal injection of liposome-encapsulated tobramycin safely and effeciently for the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis in near future.
Endophthalmitis ; Hope ; Intravitreal Injections ; Liposomes ; Rabbits* ; Retina* ; Tobramycin*

PURPOSE: We evaluated the surgical outcomes and complications of new pediatric intraocular lens in congenital cataract. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out on 29 eyes of 22 patients diagnosed with congenital cataract that underwent optic capture following lens emulsification. New pediatric intraocular lens (LJC 575A, Lucid Korea, Seoul, Korea) implantation into the bag was performed with posterior capsulorrhexis and anterior vitrectomy. RESULTS: After follow-up of 17.79+/-7.08 months, 15 eyes showed a visual acuity of 0.5 or above, and 10 (71.4%) of the 14 eyes showed a visual acuity of 20/470 or above. As for complications, posterior synechia developed in 8 eyes, exudative membrane was found in 3 eyes, iris capture by IOL haptic was found in 1 eye, and slight opacification of posterior capsule was identified in 1 eye. CONCLUSIONS: Use of new 8 mm pediatric intraocular lens in congenital cataract may be considered selectively.
Capsulorhexis ; Cataract* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Iris ; Korea ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Membranes ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

The ultrasonographic technique is an one of the safest, simplest and the most accurate methods of biometric measurement of the eyeball. Ultrasonography of A mode was performed to measure the anterior chamber depth and the ocular axial length of 60 emmetropic eyes and of 140 myopic eyes of greater than 3.00 Diopter. Interrelationship of the refractory error and the ocular axial length, the anterior chamber depth, as well as the myopic crescent(conus) was studied in 140 Korean myopic eyes from May 1st, 1985 through September 30th, 1985. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The mean axial length of the emmetropic eyes is 23.94mm and their mean anterior chamber depth, 3.08mm. 2. The mean axial length of the myopic eyes of greater than 3.00 Diopter is 25.76mm and their mean anterior chamber depth, 3.52mm. 3. As the refractory error in the myopic eyes increases by 1 Diopter, the mean axial length and the mean anterior chamber depth increases respectively by 0.29mm and 0.08mm. 4. The myopic crescent(conus) was observed in the 95% of myopic eyes.
Anterior Chamber* ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The C-14 urea breath test (C-14 UBT) is the most specific noninvasive method to detect Helicobacter (H) pylori infection. We investigated if the C-14 UBT can reflect the presence and degree of H. pylori detected by gastroduodenoscopic biopsies (GBx). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred fifty patients (M:F=83:67, age 48.6+/-11.2 yrs) underwent C-14 UBT, rapid urease test (CLO test) and GBx on the same day. For the C-14 UBT, a single breath sample was collected at 10 minutes after ingestion of C-14 urea (137 KBq) capsule and counting was done in a liquid scintillation counter for 1 minute, and the results were classified as positive ( 200 dpm), intermediate (50~199 dpm) or negative (<50 dpm). The results of CLO tests were classified as positive or negative according to color change. The results of GBx on giemsa stain were graded 0 (normal) to 4 (diffuse) according to the distribution of H. pylori by the Wyatt method. We compared C-14 UBT results with GBx grade as a gold standard. RESULTS: In the assessment of the presence of H. pylori infection, the C-14 UBT global performance yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of 92.5%, 88.4%, 97.1%, 88.4% and 91.3%, respectively. However, the CLO test had sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of 83.2%, 81.4%, 91.8%, 81.4% and 82.7%, respectively. The quantitative values of the C-14 UBT were 45+/-27 dpm in grade 0, 707+/-584 dpm in grade 1, 1558+/-584 dpm in grade 2, 1851+/-604 dpm in grade 3, and 2719+/-892 dpm in grade 4. A significant correlation (r=0.848, p<0.01) was found between C-14 UBT and the grade of distribution of H. pylori infection on GBx with giemsa stain. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the C-14 UBT is a highly accurate, simple and noninvasive method for the diagnosis of ongoing H. pylori infection and reflects the degree of bacterial distribution.
Azure Stains ; Biopsy ; Breath Tests* ; Diagnosis ; Eating ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Scintillation Counting ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urea* ; Urease