No abstract available.
Hemangioma, Cavernous*

Microsatellites are short nucleotide repeat sequences present throughout the human genome. Alterations of microsatellites, comprising extra or missing copies of these se quences, have been termed microsatellite instability(MSI, genetic instability, replication errors, RER(+) phenotype). To date, at least four genes involved in DNA mismatch repair, hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1 and hPMS2, are thought to account for the observation of microsatellite instability in tumor from Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) patients. The genetic defect responsible for the MIN+ phenotype in sporadic colorectal cancer, however, has yet to be clearly delineated. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of MSI in sporadic cancer and to correlate its occurrence with clinicopathological parameters, we have studied six microsatellite loci by use of polymerase chain reaction amplification and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We found that 20%(9 of 46 cases) sporadic colorectal cancers showed RER at two or several loci(RER+). Microsatellite instability was associated with location of the tumor in the proximal colon 66%(6 of 9 cases) and with poorly differentiated tumor phenotype 56%(5 of 9 cases). In order to better understand the role of somatic alterations within hMSH2 in the process of colorectal tumorigenesis, we examined the most conserved regions(codon 598~789) of this gene in nine patients with MIN spotadic colorectal cancer. 6 patient of RER(+) colorectal ca. patients had a polymorphism which was a T to C base change in the intron sequence at -6 position of the splice acceptor site at the 5'end of exon 13. This particular sequence variation is a polymorphism rather than a mutation which increase cancer susceptability. These data suggest that the genetic instability is detect ed in some colorectal cancers and play an important role in the pathogenesis of sporadic colorectal cancer.
Carcinogenesis ; Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; DNA Mismatch Repair ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Exons ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Introns ; Microsatellite Instability* ; Microsatellite Repeats* ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA Splice Sites

No abstract available.
Axilla* ; Paget Disease, Extramammary*

The use of external fixator is popular in the treatment of open tibial fracture, severe comminuted fracture and segmental fracture, which minimizes further soft tissue injury and provides rigie fixation. The purpose of this study was to determine the complications and effectiveness of external fixation for treating the fractures of tibia. 33 patients with tibial fracture had been treated with external fixator from April 1993 to April 1994 at the orthopaedic department of Kang Dong Catholic General Hospital. We analysed 23 cases(21 patients) which could be followed up more than 12 months. The results were as follows; 1. Average duration with external fixator was 15.1 weeks. 2. Average time of bone union was 22.9 weeks. 3. 6 cases of pin tract infection were developed and they were treated with curettage and drainage, local antibiotics therapy, pin translation, or removal of external fixator. 4. The delayed union were developed in 5 cases, angulation deformity in 1 case, chronic osteomyelitis in 2 cases and soft tissue defect in 1 case. 5. Secondary operations caused by delayed union, valgus deformity, skin defect and bone exposure, were performed in 6 cases. 6. The use of external fixator provided good result in open fracture, intraarticular comminuted fracture, segmental fracture, and multiple injury, but chronic osteomyelitis and articular stiffness were developed in some cases.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Curettage ; Drainage ; External Fixators ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Fractures, Open ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Multiple Trauma ; Osteomyelitis ; Skin ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures

No abstract available.
Keratosis, Seborrheic* ; Poroma* ; Scalp*

PURPOSE: Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the centralized intensive education system (CIES) compared with an individualized ward education system (IWES) in the degree of acquisition of the proper clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) method as a treatment of patients with voiding dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2002 to March 2003, a prospective questionnaire study was performed on 122 patients (age 55.7+/-17.0 years; 52 males and 70 females). Patients were randomly divided into two groups (the CIES group versus the IWES group) at the time of the urologic consultation for voiding dysfunction. After the CIC education, the patients were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire about the CIC education. Under the protocol of CIES or IWES for CIC, patients were instructed by doctors or nurses at their wards and performed self- catheterization under supervision. RESULTS: There were 122 patients with 72 patients in CIES, 50 patients in IWES, respectively. There were no differences between two groups in age, sex, education level, and socioeconomic status (p>0.05). CIES was superior to IWES in terms of the patient's understanding on the need for CIC, cause of their voiding dysfunction, help from pictures and the use of instruments related to CIC, sufficient explanation of questions about CIC, overall satisfaction of education, and confidence for CIC after education (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the number of acquisitions of confidence for CIC between CIES and IWES, which were 3.1 (+/-2.0) times and 5.9 (+/-5.5) times, respectively (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our result shows that the CIES is superior to the IWES in CIC education. Further efforts are needed to enhance the understanding on the more detailed knowledge of the CIC and to increase the motivation of the patients.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Education* ; Humans ; Intermittent Urethral Catheterization* ; Male ; Motivation ; Organization and Administration ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Social Class

Unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery is an uncommon anomaly, which presents as an isolated lesion or in combination with other congenital heart disease such as TOF or PD^. We encountered three cases of isolated unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery;one was left pulmonary artery agenesis with right sided aortic arch and the others were right pulmonary artery agenesis with left sided aortic arch. Plain chest radiograph showed considerable loss of unilateal lung volume and lack of ipsilateral hilar shadow. Pulmonary angiogram which was done in two cases, revealed proximal interruption of a pulmonary artery. Chest CT was done in only one case, on which right pulmonary artery was absent and was replaced by adipose tissue. CT with its clean demonstration pulmonary artery without any evidence of aquired obstruction of a pulmonary artery by pulmonary embolism or tumor invasion, maybe a valuable method for evaluaton of the unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery.
Adipose Tissue ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Schwannoma, also known as a neurilemmoma, is a benign neurogenic tumor that arises from Schwann cells of the nerve sheath. Usually, it occurs as a slowly-growing, well-circumscribed solitary nodule on the head and neck, trunk, or extremities. However, it is rare on the oral mucosa, especially on the lip. Histologically, the lesion is characterized by an encapsulated nodule that consists of Antoni A cellular tissues with verocay bodies, and Antoni B loose myxoid tissues. Herein, we report a case of a schwannoma of the upper lip, which is a rare location
Extremities ; Head ; Lip ; Mouth Mucosa ; Neck ; Neurilemmoma ; Schwann Cells

The Kallmanns syndrome is the most common form of isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in which anosmia or hyposmia resulting from agenesis of hypoplasia of the olfactory lobes is associated with LHRH deficiency, This syndrome is genetically heterogeneous and can be trans-mitted as an X-linked, autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive trait. The hypogonadotropic hypogonadism results in absent or incomplete pubertal development and may be associated with anosmia or hyposmia, mid-line defect(color blindness, cleft-lip or
Blindness ; Cryptorchidism ; Epiphyses ; Femur Neck ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Growth Plate ; Head ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Kallmann Syndrome ; Male ; Olfaction Disorders ; Olfactory Cortex ; Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the change of clinical characteristics of prostatic cancer after the introduction of PSA (Prostate specific antigen) assay and TRUS (Transrectal ultrasonography), we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 155 patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma who were managed at Seoul National University Hospital from January 1985 to December 1994. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients were stratified into 2 groups (Group I: 45pts{1985-1989} and Group II: 110pts{1990-1994}) by the year 1990 when our hospital began to use PSA assay and TRUS to detect prostatic cancer. PSA was measured by monoclonal radioimmunometric assay (ELSA-PSA). Tumor staging consisted of DRE (digital rectal. examination), TRUS, CT, MRI, simple bone X-ray and radionuclide bone scan. Clinical characteristics of 2 groups were compared. RESULT: Proportion of younger pts increased in group II but this was not statistically significant (p>0.05 by chi-square test). Number of pts were annually increasing , especially after the year 1990 when PSA assay and TRUS were introduced into clinical practice. Despite use of PSA and TRUS, the number of clinically localized pts did not differ between 2 groups. There was no difference in distribution of chief complaints between 2 groups. There were 3 pts who were detected by increased PSA alone. CONCLUSION: Prostate cancer incidence is increasing and will substantially increase in the future on the basis of increasing tendency to the old population, improved cancer detection and improved public awareness. More than 70% of pts have metastases or regional extension (Stage C or D). These dismal statistics constitute the main reason for early detection programs in the population at large.
Adenocarcinoma ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul