BACKGROUND: Acne, one af the commonest dermatological disorders, is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit, and the primarily involved site is the face, where this structure exists in maximal density. Among the many etiologieal factors of acne, changes in the kinetics of sebum secretion in acne patients have been described, but there is no report to compare follicular density and the sebum excretion rate in different facial regions between normal and acne patients. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the sebum output and follicular density in different regions of the face in women with and without acne and to evaluate the differences between the two groups. METHODS: We studied 10 normal and 14 acneic women aged 19-27. Follicular density was determined by light microscopy counting pilosebaceous units on cyanoacrylate follicular biopsy specimens. The sebum excretion rate was calculated by an image analyzer with a sebum print on Sebutape. RESULTS: 1. Follicular density was not significantly different between the normal and acne group. The number of follicles decreased from the central to the lateral aspect of the face with the highest value being on the nose tip and the lowest on the lateral forehead. 2. The total sebum excretion rate and the number of actively secreting follicles showed different patterns in the two groups. There was a decreased value in the acne group in some central regions of face. In addition, central to lateral declining pattems, shown in the normd group, were not apparent in the acne group. 3. The follicular sebum excretion rate showed large variations in both groups, without apparent central to lateral declining patterns. The confluence of adjacent follicles seemed to produce falsely low or high values compared with previous studies. CONCLUSION: Sebum production is influenced both by the number of active follicles and their individual capacity to excrete sebum, and the total sebum excretion rate was lower than normal in low grade acne in this study. Obstruction of the outflow of sebum and regression of sebaceous glands due to comnlones may account for it.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Biopsy ; Cyanoacrylates ; Female ; Forehead ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Microscopy ; Nose ; Sebaceous Glands ; Sebum*

Cotylaspis coreensis sp. n., Cotylaspis sinensis Faust et Tang, 1936, Phyllodistomum parasiluri Yamaguti, 1934, Kaurma orientalis Yamaguti, 1937, Astiotrema reniferum (Looss, 1898), Astiotrema odhneri Bhalerao, 1936, Astiotrema sp. and Cephalogonimus japonicus Ogata, 1936 were collected from the intestine of freshwater mud-turtle, Amyda sinensis Wiegmann in Korea which were purchased at Namdaemoon Market of Seoul on October 1968 and May 1977. Cotylaspis coreensis differs from other members of the genus in relatively large size of pharynx, the number and distribution of vitelline follicles, size of testis, length of intestine and position of genital opening. Distribution of Cotylaspis sinensis was firstly recorded in Korea. Phyllodistomum parasiluri collected in this study was considered to be the first to recover from the reptilian host although the collected worms were still immatured. The genus Astiotrema collected in this study were divided into three species, A. reniferum which is hitherto unrecorded in Korea, A. odhneri which had been described as A. orientale, A. amydae and A. fukuii and another Astiotrema sp. which differs from the former two species in minor differences in size of suckers, size of ova and size of cirrus pouch. The distribution of Cephalogonimus japonicus was firstly recorded in Korea.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Cotylaspis coreensis ; Phyllodistomum parasiluri ; Kaurma orientalis ; Astiotrema reniferum ; Astiotrema odhneri ; Astiotrema sp. ; Cephalogonimus japonicus ; turtle-Amyda sinensis ; epidemiology

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is associated with a characteristic neuropathology. The major hallmarks of AD are senile plaques(SPs) and neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs). beta-amyloid protein(Abeta) is derived from the proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein(APP) and then converted to SPs. Mature SPs produce cytotoxicity through direct toxic effects and activation of microglia and complement. NFTs are composed of paired helical filaments(PHFs) including abnormally phosphorylated form of the microtubule-associated protein(MAP) tau and increased tau level in cerebrospinal fluid may be observed in most AD. The aggregation of Abeta and tau formation are thought to be a final common pathway of AD. Acetycholine, dopamine, serotonin, GABA and their receptors are associated with AD. Especially, decreased nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs) in AD are reported. Genetic lesions associated with AD are mutations in the structural genes for the APP located on chromosome 21, presenilin(PSN)1 located on chromosome 14 and PSN2 located on chromosome 1. Also, trisomy 21, Apo-E gene located on chromosome 19, PMF locus, low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein and alpha-macroglobulin increase risk of AD. In this article, we will review about the neurobioloby of AD and some newly developed research areas.
Acetylcholine ; Alzheimer Disease* ; Amyloid ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Apolipoproteins E ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Complement System Proteins ; Dopamine ; Down Syndrome ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; Genetics ; Lipoproteins ; Microglia ; Neurobiology* ; Proteolysis ; Serotonin

No abstract available.
Peptides*

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Parturition*

PURPOSE: To evaluate US and CT characteristics of small renal cell carcinomas with diameter less than 3cm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed US and CT findings of the small renal cell carcinomas which were surgically confirmed. We analysed echogenicity, peritumoral hypoechoic rim, intratumoral cysts on US. We analysed CT with viewpoints of tumor margin, growth pattern, renal contour change, attenuation on pre- and postcontrast scan, homogeneity, and perirenal changes. RESULTS: The US characteristics of the small renal cell carcinomas were hyperechogenicity(89%), peritumoral hypoechoic rim(66%) and intratumoral cysts(44%). They had relatively well-defined margin(90%), smooth and round contour(90%), endophytic growth pattern(65%), and outward bulging of renal contour(75%) on CT. They had iso- or high attenuation(87%) on precontrast CT, and were relatively homogeneous low-attenuated on postcontrast CT. CONCLUSION: The constellation of US and CT findings may be helpful in the diagnosis and understanding of the internal architecture of the small renal cell carcinomas.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies

Mathematical models such as the negative binomial, Poisson and Polya-Eggenberger distributions were applied to the observed data of the number of metacercariae of Paragonimus iloktsuenensis in crab hosts, Sesarma dehaani which were collected in Hadong, South Kyong-sang Do, Korea. From the above analysis, it was found that the pattern of density of metacercariae of this lungfluke among the crab hosts was well fitted to the negative binomial distribution, rather than to the Poisson or Polya-Eggenberger distribution.
parasitology-helminth-trematode ; Paragonimus iloktsuenensis ; epidemiology ; mathematics ; metacercaria ; crab ; Sesarma dehaani

No abstract available.
Diet* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Incidence* ; Infant*

No abstract available.
Keratinocytes*

Distribution of Sparganum mansoni in 7 species of terrestrial snakes in Wonju City was surveyed. All kinds of snakes were found to be served as intermediate hosts of this larval worm except Elaphe schrenkii which has already been recorded as important host. Authors believe that Zamenis spinalis was firstly recorded as intermediate host of Sparganum mansoni in Korea. Some aspects of infection status, host-parasite relations and sources of human infection were briefly discussed.
parasitology-helminth-cestoda-Spirometra sp. ; sparganum ; sparganosis ; human infection