No abstract available.
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Papillary* ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Graves Disease* ; Humans ; Thyroid Gland*

OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that the sleep apnea syndrome in the asthmatic patients is prevalent, however, the systematic study in this field using polysomnography has rarely been performed. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the pulmonary function in asthmatic children. METHODS: This study enrolled 19 male and 12 female asthmatic children aged 6-13 years (average 8.2+/-1.7 years old). Complete overnight polysomnography and pulmonary function test were performed for the participants. RESULTS: Of the 31 asthmatic children, 21 (67.7%) met the diagnostic criteria of the pediatric sleep apnea and the average AHI was 1.7+/-1.5/h. The children with higher AHI showed poorer pulmonary function (FEV1/FVC ratio : p=0.002, FEV1%pred : p=0.047). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the prevalence of the pediatric sleep apnea could be very high among the asthmatic children and the severity of the sleep apnea correlates with the pulmonary function. However, the case-control study to compare the AHI between the asthma and control groups is absolutely necessary because few normative data are available for the children.
Aged ; Asthma ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polysomnography ; Prevalence ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes

Oncogenes are known to be involved in normal cellular growth and proliferation as well as in carcinogenesis. It is reported that stimulation of quiescent cells with growth factors makes the oncogenes produce protein products as an early and immediate response, and these protein products induce or control the cell growth. Among those oncogenes, c-fos and c-myc are well known for its generalized expressions. An experiment was performed in order to prove the hypothesis that oncogene expressions would have the same pattern with that of cellular growth by growth factors in cultured normal rat thyroid cell line(FRTL-5). Ribonucleic acids of FRTL-5 cells were extracted time-sequentially at 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after administration of growth factors to the media of quiescent FRTL-5 cells. Extracted ribonucleic acids were blotted to the nitrocellulose membrane, and then hybridized with radiolabelled c-fos and c-myc oligonucleotide probes, and -actin probes. Hybridized dot blots on nitrocellulose membrane were autoradiographed on X-ray films, and the amount of radioactivity were measured by densitometry. Densitometric readings were used as the indices of oncogene expressions. The concentrations of TSH, IGF-I and IgG from patients with Graves' disease, which showed the maximum expressions of c-fos and c-myc in quiescent FRTL-5 cells, were TSH 10 mU/ml, IGF-I 100 ng/ml and IgG from patients with Graves' disease 1 mg/ml, respectively. Expressions of c-fos and c-myc were more prominent in combined administrations of TSH and IGF-I, or IgG from patients with Graves' disease and IGF-I than in case of TSH and IgG from patients with Graves' disease. IgG from patients with primary myxedema suppressed oncogene expressions provoked by TSH or IgG from patients with Graves' disease, but not by IGF-I. Expressions of c-fos and c-myc were more prominent by the combined administration of TSH with TPA which stimulated the phosphoinositide turnover-protein kinase C-calcium system than by those of TSH with dBcAMP, forskolin, IBMX or cholera toxin which stimulated adenylate cyclase system. From the above results, following conclusions were obtained. 1) Expressions of c-fos and c-myc by growth factors have similar patterns with those of cell growth by growth factors in FRTL-5 cells. 2) It is suggested that the actions of TSH and IgG from patients with Graves' disease would be manifested through the same signal transduction system, and that of IGF-I would be manifested through its own, but the oncogenes would be expressed mainly through adenylate cyclase system.
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine ; Adenylyl Cyclases ; Animals ; Bucladesine ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Line* ; Cholera Toxin ; Colforsin ; Collodion ; Densitometry ; Genes, myc* ; Graves Disease ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins* ; Membranes ; Myxedema ; Oligonucleotide Probes ; Oncogenes ; Phosphotransferases ; Radioactivity ; Rats* ; Reading ; RNA ; Signal Transduction ; Thyroid Gland* ; X-Ray Film

70 cases free fiap were performed from March 1978 to July 1985. The donor fiap were dorsalis pedis flap in 34 cases, groin flap in 8 cases, osteocutaeous flap in 3 cases, gracilis flap in 17 cases, and latissimus dorsi flap in 8 cases respectively. The success rate was 90% in total including partial success. The causes of failure were 2 cases infection necrosis, and 1 case kinking of drain vessel. The gracilis and latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap were very satisfactory method for the reconstruction of the upper extremity flexion power, especially in the case of Volkmann's ischemic contracture. The neurovascular dorsalis pedis flap was regarded as excellent method for the heel pad reconstruction, and tactile sensation reconstruction of the hand.
Free Tissue Flaps ; Groin ; Hand ; Heel ; Humans ; Ischemic Contracture ; Methods ; Microsurgery ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Necrosis ; Sensation ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Tissue Donors ; Upper Extremity

The acute anterior cruciate ligament injury is one of the most common ligament injury of the knee joint and there are many controversies in its treatment. Warren reported that the primary repair for the acute anterior cruciate ligament injuries was good, but some had opposite oppinions. Authors studied 23 patients of actue anterior cruciate ligament injury who were treated by primary repair from January, 1982 to December, 1984. The results were as followings: 1. The most common associated injury was MCL injury and posteromedial capsular injury(13 cases; 56.5%). 2. The most common detachment site of ACL was femoral attachment(11 cases; 47.8%) . 3. A medial Hocky Stick incision was found good in repairing the combined MCL and posteromedial capsular tear with ACL injury. 4. The results were good in 74% by Cincinnati score and in 87% by objective score. It is concluded that primary repair of the acute anterior cruciate ligament tear is cosidered successful.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Ligaments ; Tears

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine for upper abdominal pain, the accuracy of emergency abdominal ultrasonography (EAU) performed by emergency physicians with limited training. METHODS: Two PGY-3 emergency physicians, who had received 2 hours of hands-on training, including the normal anatomy of a biliary system, liver, kindney, spleen, and pancreas, and who had studied the pathologic findings for another month were the subjects of this study. They used a Sonosite 180 R to perform EAU on patients with upper abdominal pain within 2 months after training. We determined the agreement between the radiologist 's abdominal ultrasonography(RAU) and EAU by using Kappa statistics. RESULTS: A total of 59 patients were enrolled. The agreement between the EAU and the RAU findings was 0.97, 0.88, 0.79, 0.73, 0.62, and 0.57 for gall bladder (GB) distension, cholelithiasis, GB wall thickening, duct dilatation, choledocholithiasis, and pericholecystic fluid, respectively (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of EAU, performed by emergency physician with limited training on patients suffering from upper abdominal pain had a significant agreement with the RAU. However, more educations and cautions are warranted for diagnosing pericholecystic fluid and choledocholithiasis.
Abdominal Pain ; Biliary Tract ; Choledocholithiasis ; Cholelithiasis ; Dilatation ; Emergencies* ; Humans ; Liver ; Pancreas ; Spleen ; Ultrasonography* ; Urinary Bladder

Monomelic amyotrophy (MMA), also known as Hirayama disease, is a sporadic juvenile muscular atrophy in the distal upper extremities. This disorder rarely involves proximal upper extremities and presents minimal sensory symptoms with no upper motor neuron (UMN) signs. It is caused by anterior displacement of the posterior dural sac and compression of the cervical cord during neck flexion. An 18-year-old boy visited our clinic with a 5-year history of left upper extremity pain and slowly progressive weakness affecting the left shoulder. Atrophy was present in the left supraspinatus and infraspinatus. On neurological examination, positive UMN signs were evident in both upper and lower extremities. Electrodiagnostic study showed root lesion involving the fifth to seventh cervical segment of the cord with chronic and ongoing denervation in the fifth and sixth cervical segment innervated muscles. Cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed asymmetric cord atrophy apparent in the left side and intramedullary high signal intensity along the fourth to sixth cervical vertebral levels. With neck flexion, cervical MRI revealed anterior displacement of posterior dural sac, which results in the cord compression of those segments. The mechanisms of myelopathy in our patient seem to be same as that of MMA. We report a MMA patient involving proximal limb with UMN signs in biomechanical concerns and discuss clinical importance of cervical MRI with neck flexion. The case highlights that clinical variation might cause misdiagnosis.
Adolescent ; Atrophy ; Biological Assay ; Denervation ; Diagnostic Errors ; Extremities ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Motor Neurons* ; Muscles ; Neck ; Neurologic Examination ; Shoulder ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood ; Upper Extremity

A fixed drug eruption is a cutaneous reaction caused by various drugs, which include phenazone derivatives, barbiturates, sulfonamides, tetracyclines and phenolphthaleins. An eruption caused by piroxicam is very rare and there have been no previous reports in Korea. A 49-year-old woman was seen with mutiple erythematous patches and some bullae that appeared after oral administration of piroxicam. The patient had had two similar episodes after oral administration of piroxicam. We performed patch test with piroxicam and could confirm a fixed drug eruption caused by this durg.
Administration, Oral ; Antipyrine ; Barbiturates ; Drug Eruptions* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Patch Tests ; Phenolphthalein ; Phenolphthaleins ; Piroxicam* ; Sulfonamides ; Tetracyclines