No abstract available.
Laparotomy* ; Nephrectomy*

We report a case of primary cutaneous mucinous adenocarcinotna in a 64-year-old female. The tumor was about 2cm in size, forminga round dome-shaped alopecic scalp mass which had gradually increased in size over about 5 years, Histalogic examination revealed that the tumor was divided into numerous compartments by strands of fibrous tissue. In each compartment, abundant amounts of pale-staining mucin surrounded nests or cords of moderately anaplastic epithelial cells. We couldn't find any evidence of internal neoplasms as a source of metastasis. We resected the tumor with approximately a 1 cm margin and then performed a split thickness skin graft.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Betazole ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mucins* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Scalp ; Skin ; Transplants

Behcet's disease is characterized by recurrent orogenital ulcers and ocular and cutaneous inflammatory lesions. Cardiovascular involvement, which may be artrial or venous, is rare but carries a particularly poor prognosis. One of the known vascular complications of Behcet's disease is aneurysm formation or venous thrombosis. We recently experienced a Behect's disease with multiple arterial aneurysms and thrombosis and report this case with review of literatures.
Aneurysm* ; Prognosis ; Thrombosis* ; Ulcer ; Vasculitis ; Venous Thrombosis

Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects beat-to-beat variability in the heart rate due to the dynamic interplay of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. HRV is considered an index of the functional status of the autonomic nervous system. A decrease in HRV is thus observed in individuals with autonomic dysfunction. Abnormal HRV has been reported in a range of mental disorders. In this review, we give an overview of HRV in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), one of whose core symptoms is cognitive dysfunction. The association between HRV and cognitive function is highlighted in this review. This review consists of three main sections. In the first section, we examine how HRV in patients with MDD, schizophrenia, and PTSD is characterized, and how it is different when compared to that in healthy controls. In the second section, beyond the heart itself, we discuss the intimate connection between the heart and the brain, focusing on how HRV interacts with quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) in the context of physiological changes in the sleep cycle. Lastly, we finish the review with the examination of the association between HRV and cognitive function. The overall findings indicate that the reduction in HRV is one of main manifestations in MDD, schizophrenia, and PTSD, and also more generally HRV is closely linked to the change in qEEG and also to individual differences in cognitive performance.
Autonomic Nervous System ; Brain ; Cognition ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Electroencephalography ; Heart Rate ; Heart ; Humans ; Individuality ; Mental Disorders ; Parasympathetic Nervous System ; Schizophrenia ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

BACKGROUND: Surgical correction of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is relatively safe and effective since it does not remain in the category of open-heart-surgery. Although the surgical practice for PDA is performed in almost all hospitals, they contain the problems of anxiety of patients, remained surgical wounds on patients' chests and complications of surgery and general anesthesia. Recently non-surgical methods for the obstruction of PDA have been developed and some of them including buttoned devices are used now. The success rates of these methods approach to 84%. But the problems of embolization, incomplete closure, hemolysis, stenosis of aorta and left pulmonary artery have been reported. We invented new PDA occluder , using stainless steel wire and polyurethane foam. Therefore we investigated the efficacy of occluding blood flow with the new PDA occluder in the vessels of experimental animals. METHOD: Using 304 stainless steel wire which is self-expandable stent, two star-shaped frames were made, each frame forming cone and facing the other's tip. And in the center of the frames polyurethane foam was inserted. 316L stainless steel wire was used to fix the elements described above and some portion of the wire was extracted outside of the frames, shaping hook or round loop with which the occluder could be pulled out in case of misplacement. To create the similar situation to PDA, we made shunts from artery to vein between carotid arteries and jugular veins with surgical bypass grafts or made shunts of direct artery to vein connections without grafts in 4 dogs and 1 pig. Through 8F sheath, we deployed the occluders into the shunts made of 5 grafts or made of 3 arterial ends. Also the occluders were inserted into the femoral artery of dog and iliac artery of pig. After deployment of occluders, angiograms were performed to obscure the efficacy of blocking blood flow and follow-up angiogrms were done in one and two weeks. The animals were sacrificed in one and two weeks to get the tissues including occluders inside. Gross findings were checked about thrombi formation in and around polyurethane foam. RESULTS: The 10 occluders were placed successfully except one site due to misplacement. The occluders successfully blocked the blood flows in all 10 sites within 3 - 60 minutes. Each follow-up angiogram for occluders in one and two weeks revealed good maintenance of blockade in blood flow. Observed gross findings on tissues were packed thrombi formation in the polyurethane foam and membrane formation along the occluder. CONCLUSIONS: This newly developed device revealed good efficacy for occlusion of blood flow including shunts in immediate and follow-up study. Practical method for the delivery of the device and some design modification for proper fitting into the PDA especially for small patients would be required. Longer period of follow-up with more animal experiments for other possible complications including distal embolization would be required also before clinical trial.
Anesthesia, General ; Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Anxiety ; Aorta ; Arteries ; Carotid Arteries ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dogs ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent* ; Femoral Artery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Jugular Veins ; Membranes ; Polyurethanes ; Pulmonary Artery ; Stainless Steel ; Stents ; Thorax ; Transplants ; Veins ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Prostatic abscess is an uncommon urologic disease but has a high mortality rate if not treated properly. Furthermore, diagnosis and proper treatment of prostatic abscesses remains a challenge for physicians. Therefore, we compared data on conservative treatments, transurethral resection of prostatic abscess, and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided needle aspiration in 52 cases over a 10-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 52 patients diagnosed with prostatic abscess by computed tomography at Gangnam Severance Hospital between January 2000 and September 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were discharged when their leukocytosis had normalized and they had been free of fever for 2 days. Multivariate regression analysis was done to determine independent risk factors for the length of hospitalization. RESULTS: At the time of diagnosis, the average age of the 52 patients was 61.3 years (range, 33 to 81 years), the average volume of the prostate was 56.3 ml (range, 21 to 223 ml), the average prostate-specific antigen was 18.54 ng/ml (range, 2.0 to 57.0 ng/ml), and the average abscess size was 3.8 cm (range, 2.1 to 5.5 cm). All patients were treated with parenteral antibiotics during their hospital stay with intravenous antibiotics (fluoroquinolone monotherapy or 3rd-generation cephalosporin in combination with an aminoglycoside). Of 52 patients, 22 had diabetes mellitus (42.3%), 19 had hypertension (36.5%), and 7 (13.5%) had paraplegia due to spinal cord injury. The most common symptoms were fever (47, 90.4%), perineal discomfort (43, 82.7%), dysuria (40, 76.9%), and urinary retention (29, 55.8%). Prostatic abscesses were treated by conservative treatment (11 cases), transurethral resection of prostatic abscess (23 cases), and TRUS-guided needle aspiration (18 cases). The average hospitalization stay was 17.5 days (range, 6 to 39 days); that of conservative treatment patients was 19.1 days (range, 9 to 39 days). Patients treated by transurethral resection of prostatic abscess and TRUS-guided needle aspiration stayed 10.2 days (range, 6 to 15 days) and 23.25 days (range, 18 to 34 days), respectively. Of the 18 cases who underwent needle aspiration, prostatic abscesses recurred in 4 cases (22.2%) within 1 month after patient discharge. The 2 patients subjected to conservative treatment died due to sepsis. We found no independent factors that affected the average hospitalization period. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with prostatic abscess treated by transurethral resection of the prostate had a significantly shorter hospitalization length compared with needle aspiration.
Abscess ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dysuria ; Fever ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Length of Stay ; Leukocytosis ; Needles ; Paraplegia ; Patient Discharge ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Urinary Retention ; Urologic Diseases

No abstract available.
Nipples* ; Paget's Disease, Mammary*

No abstract available.
Decompression* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Spine* ; Titanium*