No abstract available.
Nose* ; Stents*

PURPOSE: As well as patient survival, the restoration of postoperative function such as ambulation is important in limb salvage operations for treatment of malignant bone tumors involving the proximal femur. The authors analyzed clinical outcomes of limb salvage operations using tumor prostheses for metastatic or primary malignant bone tumors in the proximal femur. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From February 2005 to January 2014, 20 cases (19 patients) with malignant bone tumor involving the proximal femur with pain or complicated pathologic fracture were treated with segmental resection and limb salvage operations with tumor prostheses. Mean age was 63.1 years (range 35-86). Fourteen patients were male and six ones were female. The mean follow-up period was 20 months (1-94 months). There were 15 cases of metastatic bone tumor, 4 cases of osteosarcoma, and 1 case of multiple myeloma. The primary tumors of the metastatic bone tumors included 4 lung cancers, 3 hepatocellular carcinomas, and 3 renal cell carcinomas. Other primary tumors were breast cancer, thyroid cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, and malignant spindle cell tumor, each in 1 case. Modular tumor prostheses were used in all cases; (Kotz's(R) Modular Tumor prosthesis (Howmedica, Rutherford, New Jersey) in 3 cases, MUTARS(R) proximal femur system (Implantcast, Munster, Germany) in 17 cases). Perioperative pain was assessed with Visual Analogue Scales (VAS). Postoperative functional outcome was assessed with Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) grading system. RESULTS: Out of 20 cases (19 patients), 11 cases (10 patients) survived at the last follow-up. Average postoperative survival of the 9 deceased patients was 10.1 months (1-38 months). VAS score improved from pre-operative average of 8.40 (5-10) to 1.35 (0-3) after operation. Average postoperative MSTS function score was 19.65 (65.50%, 7-28). The associated complications were 2 local recurrences, 3 hematomas, 3 infections, 2 scrotal swellings, and 1 dislocation. There was no case of periprosthetic fracture or loosening. CONCLUSION: Limb salvage operation with tumor prosthesis is an appropriate treatment for early pain reduction and functional restoration in malignant bone tumors in the proximal femur with pain an/or complicated pathologic fractures.
Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Dislocations ; Female ; Femur* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Limb Salvage* ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Multiple Myeloma ; Osteosarcoma ; Periprosthetic Fractures ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Prostheses and Implants* ; Recurrence ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Walking ; Weights and Measures

The goals of treatment in the injuries of posterior cruciate ligament(PCL) are restoration of normal tibiofemoral stability and reduction of long term osteoarthrosis of the knee. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors on posterior stability and functional result after PCL reconstruction. From March 1996 to April 1997, twenty operation on PCL reconstruction were carried out in our hospital. The functional results according to the criteria of the Lysholm knee score and stress radiograph for posterior stability were evaluated. The average functional results evaluated by Lysholm knee score was 87. There was no significant difference in functional result according to selected grafted material, combined knee injury, type of injury and arthrotomy, etc. Difference in posterior tibial translation on average were 2.8mm in acute and 7.7mm in chronic injury. In posterolateral combined injury, average posterior tibial translation in pos- terolateral repair was 3.2mm and in posterolateral reconstruction was 9.4mm. In PCL reconstruction using hamstring with repair of PCL remnant was 2mm. In conclusion, to obtain the good result on posterior sta- bility, early PCL reconstruction using hamstring with repair of PCL remnant, and appropriate treatment on combined posterolateral injury were recommended.
Knee ; Knee Injuries ; Osteoarthritis ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Transplants

PURPOSE: Bevacizumab has been used as a promising drug for metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. However, it has a few serious adverse effects, such as intestinal bleeding or perforation. The purpose of this study is to identify the clinical characteristics of intestinal perforation induced by bevacizumab in colorectal cancer patients.METHODS: From January 2007 to June 2018, a total of 488 patients underwent chemotherapy with bevacizumab for metastatic colorectal cancer. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively.RESULTS: Nine patients (1.8%) were identified with intestinal perforation induced with bevacizumab. The median age was 59 years (range, 36–68 years). The primary tumor site was the sigmoid colon in six patients, the rectum in three patients. The liver was the most common metastatic organ (7 patients). Perforation sites were primary tumor site of the colorectum in four patients and the small bowel in five patients. Intestinal perforation was developed after a median of 3 chemotherapy cycles (range, 1–15 cycles), and a median of 7 days (range, 3–32 days) after chemotherapy. One patient expired due to sepsis.CONCLUSION: Bevacizumab induced intestinal perforation is a lethal adverse effect in patients with colorectal cancers. The characteristics of intestinal perforation varied according to perforation site, previous chemotherapy cycles, and clinical course. Careful monitoring is necessary with the use of bevacizumab in conjunction with chemotherapeutic agents.
Bevacizumab ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Drug Therapy ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intestinal Perforation ; Liver ; Medical Records ; Rectum ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis

PURPOSE: For the past two decades, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of both asthma and obesity. Obesity may be associated with increasing childhood asthma and atopy. So, we performed this study to know the effects of body mass on bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and atopy in childhood asthma. METHODS: The subjects were, 340 children aged 6-15 years with asthma, visited the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic. There, their heights and, weights were measured and they underwent, pulmonary function tests (PFT), BHR to methacholine and skin prick tests. After determining body mass index (BMI), they were divided into four groups by BMI percentile curve based on gender and age (underweight < or =15th percentile, normal weight 15.1-85th percentile, overweight 85.1th-95th percentile, obesity > or =95.1th percentile). Atopy, allergen sensitization, BHR, respiratory symptoms, PFT were compared between each group. RESULTS: In all subjects, there were 70 (20.6%) and 73 (21.5%) cases in the overweight and obese groups, respectively. Increasing BMI was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of snoring,(P=0.004) wheezing in the perceding three months (P=0.002) and BHR- positive,(P=0.003) but not atopy.(P=0.075) Among the groups classified by BMI percentile, there were significant differences in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC.(P=0.027, P=0.033) Being overweight and/or, obese were significant risk factor for BHR, though only among females (OR 5.1; 95% CI 1.6-16.5, 4.9; 1.8-13.4) not male (OR 1.1; 95% CI 0.5-2.1, OR 1.7; 95% CI 0.7-2.0). CONCLUSION: Among girls, a higher BMI might be a risk factor for BHR. Higher BMI is not associated with atopy on either boys or girls.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Asthma* ; Body Mass Index ; Bronchial Hyperreactivity ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Male ; Methacholine Chloride ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Prevalence ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Respiratory Sounds ; Risk Factors ; Skin ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: This study aimed at evaluation of the learning curve for laparoscopic colorectal surgery with varied operative procedures. METHODS: From June 2004 to May 2010, 269 consecutive patients underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Patients were divided into four groups according to operative methods: right-side colectomy, left-side colectomy, rectal resection, and total colectomy group. Each group was divided into three-early, middle, and late-groups according to operation numbers. Learning curves were generated for each group using moving average methods. Prospective collection and retrospective review of data on operative outcomes, including open conversion, operation time, intra-operative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative complication were performed. RESULTS: Operations included 75 right-side colectomies, 12 left-side colectomies, 178 rectal resections, four total colectomies, and seven open conversions (2.6%). The mean operative time for right-side colectomy and rectal resection showed a significant decline from the early group to the middle and late groups, while the left-side colectomy group showed no significant difference. Operation time was platitude after 50 cases of whole laparoscopic colorectal surgery, 11 cases in the right-side colectomy group, eight cases in the left-side colectomy group, and 34 cases in the recto-sigmoid resection group. CONCLUSION: For the surgeon, laparoscopic colorectal surgery can be performed more independently after 50 cases. The learning curve may be determined according to the general skill of laparoscopic colorectal surgery. The question of whether the learning curve is determined by varied operative procedures has not yet been resolved.
Colectomy ; Colorectal Surgery ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Learning ; Learning Curve ; Length of Stay ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

Common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding include diverticular disease, vascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, neoplasms, and hemorrhoids. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding of appendiceal origin is extremely rare. We report a case of lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to angiodysplasia of the appendix. A 72-year-old man presented with hematochezia. Colonoscopy showed active bleeding from the orifice of the appendix. We performed a laparoscopic appendectomy. Microscopically, dilated veins were found at the submucosal layer of the appendix. The patient was discharged uneventfully. Although lower gastrointestinal bleeding of appendiceal origin is very rare, clinicians should consider it during differential diagnosis.
Aged ; Angiodysplasia* ; Appendectomy ; Appendix* ; Colonoscopy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage* ; Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhoids ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Lower Gastrointestinal Tract ; Vascular Diseases ; Veins

BACKGROUND: Priming significantly shortened the onset of neuromuscular blockade(NMB), but also results in a high incidence of side effects. This study was designed to determine the effect of infusion priming method on the side effects, intubation condition, and onset of NMB compared with divided priming method. METHOD: The effects of different priming method of vecuronium on onset time and endotracheal intubation condition were investigated. 40 patients were studied in two parts. In control part, 20 patients were allocated into two groups(n=10 in each group) receving 10, 20 g/kg vecuronium as a priming dose, followed by a intubating dose(0.1 mg/kg-priming dose) 3 min later; the other part, 20 patients were allocated into two groups(n=10 in each group) receving 0.2 mg/kg/hr vecuronium continuous intravenous infusion, followed by a intubating dose(0.1 mg/kg-total infusion dose) 3, 5 min later. Onset time is calculated by single twitch stimulation test from injection of the intubating dose to maximum depression of the single twitch. Intubatin condition was appreciated based on vocal cord reflex, coughing, and jaw relaxation and scored. RESULTS: The times to fade out on the single twitch of the intravenous infusion priming group were shorter than control priming group. There was no difference between control priming group and infusion priming group to evaluate the intubation conditions. Side effects in the continuous infusion group were lesser than control priming group. CONCLUSION: This results suggest that the use of continuous infusion method is one of the promising methods to shorten the neuromuscular blockade and to provide more comfort to the patients.
Cough ; Depression ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infusions, Intravenous* ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Jaw ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Reflex ; Relaxation ; Vecuronium Bromide* ; Vocal Cords

BACKGROUND: Pontine infarction extending to the basal surface has been reported to possess different characteristics from deep pontine infarction without extending to the basal surface. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 54 patients ; 30 patients with pontine infarction extending to the basal surface (group SE) and 24 patients with deep pontine infarction without extension (group DL) based on the site of the infarcts on precontrast sagittal T2WI. We assessed angiographic findings(MRA, 54; DSA, 31), risk factors, clinical features and the effectiveness of the intraluminal signal changes on spin-echo MRI in the diagnosis of occlusion or stenosis of the basilar artery. The incidence of basilar artery stenosis or occlusion in MRA or DSA in group SE(60%) was significantly more frequent than group DL(12.5%), whereas the incidence of vertebral artery stenosis or occlusion was not different between two groups. A noteworthy finding was that five patients (17%) of the group SE had not been extended to the basal surface on axial T2WI. The risk factors were similarly distributed between the two groups. The effectiveness of abnormal signal void of axial MRI was poor in the diagnosis of basilar artery occlusion or stenosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the two types of pontine infarction may be caused by different arterial pathology. Although the presence of abnormal flow void on MRI cannot predict the stenosis or occlusion of basilar artery, sagittal T2WI and angiographic study help to evaluate the patients with pontine infarction.
Basilar Artery* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pathology ; Risk Factors ; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency

Schwannoma is a common soft tissue tumor, but it appears to be rare among the spindle cell mesencymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal Schwannomas (GIS) are rare and most of them originate in the stomach or the small bowel. GIS of the colon is extremely rare. The most important issue to be addressed for this type of tumor is the difficulty in making the correct preoperative diagnosis. Less than 10% of cases have been diagnosed as schwannoma preoperatively. A 58-year-old man was found to have a 3.5cm sized submucosal transverse colon tumor on the preoperative colonoscopy, abdominal CT and MRI. Wedge resection was done and the submucosal mass was diagnosed as schwannoma on the immunochemical staining. The immunochemical results were negative staining for CD 117(KIT) and CD 34 and positive staining for S-100 protein, which is all consistent with schwannoma. We report here on the first case of colonic schwannoma in Korea, along with a review of the literature.
Colon* ; Colon, Transverse ; Colonoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Negative Staining ; Neurilemmoma* ; S100 Proteins ; Stomach ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed