BACKGROUND: According to the 1992 version of ACLS guideline, adenosine is recommended as the first line drug far the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(PSYT). But adenosine is not used frequently in our country, despite currency proven effect and safety. Therefore we tried to compare the efficacy and safety of adenosine with verapamil for the treatment far PSVT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively reviewed charles of PSVT patients admitted to YongDong Severance Hospital from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 1996. These patients were randomly divided into two groups. The flat group was given 6mg of adenosine initially, and another 12mg was given within 5 minutes if fast dose failed. The other group was given 5mg of verapamil initially, and if failed, 10mg was given within 10 minutes. The results were analyzed by Chi-square test and student-t method. RESULTS: In converting PSVT to normal rhythm, adenosine and verapamil showed similar results and there was no difference between the two Groups in frequency of side elects, but serious arrhythmia such as ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia was not seen in the adenosine group. CONCLUSION: Adenosine not only showed comparable effect and safety, but also had shorter action time than verapamil. Therefore we recommand adenosine, as a safe and effective fort line drug for PSVT.
Adenosine* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular* ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; Ventricular Fibrillation ; Verapamil*

No abstract available.
Groin

PURPOSE: To evaluate neurotoxic effects induced by oxygen-radicals, which were generated by adding xanthine oxidase(XO) and hypoxanthine(HX), and protective effects of glutamate receptor antagonist such as MK-801 and 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline(CNQX). METHODS: Dissociated cell cultures were prepared from cerebrum of neonatal mouse. Tissues were dissected and diced into small pieces in phosphate buffered saline and were incubated at 37degrees C. Isolated cells were resuspended in Eagle's minimum essential medium and plated poly-L-lysine coated plastic coverslips in 96 well multichambers at a cell density of 3x105 cells/well. Cells were grown in a 5% CO2/95% air atmosphere at 37degrees C. Cytotoxic effects were examined in cerebral cortical neurons cultured for 3 hours in media containing various concentration of XO and HX. The protective effects of glutamate receptor antagonist were also examined by MTT assay and neurofilament enzymeimmunoassay(EIA). Microscopic examinations were also done. RESULTS: Oxygen radicals markedly induced decrement of the cell viability of cultured mouse cerebral cortical neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Midpoint cytotoxicity value was 30mU/ml XO/0.1mM HX, when mouse cerebral cortical neurons were incubated for 3 hours with various concentrations of XO and HX. The number of cells and neurites was decreased when cerebral cortical neurons were cultured for 3 hours in a medium containing 30mU/ml XO/0.1mM HX. MK- 801 was very effective in blocking oxidant-induced neurotoxicity, while CNQX falied to show any protective effect in these cultures. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that oxygen radicals are neurotoxic, and selective N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists such as MK-801 are very effective in protecting neurotoxicity induced by oxygen radicals in cultured cerebral cortical neurons of neonatal mouse.
6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione ; Animals ; Anoxia ; Atmosphere ; Cell Count ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Survival ; Cerebrum ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists* ; Glutamic Acid* ; Ischemia ; Mice* ; N-Methylaspartate ; Neurites ; Neurons* ; Oxidative Stress* ; Plastics ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Receptors, Glutamate* ; Xanthine

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Child* ; Humans ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Infusions, Intraosseous* ; Resuscitation* ; Shock, Hemorrhagic*

No abstract available.
Embryonic Stem Cells*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal*

PURPOSE:Varying clinical phenotypes are associated with the chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome. The endocrine manifestation are latent or overt hypoparathyroidism, thyroid dysfunction and short stature. This study was undertaken to investigate frequencies of endocrine abnormalities and short stature in patients with the chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome. METHODS:Forty three unrelated patients were diagnosed having chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome. Chromosomal microdeletion was confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridation (FISH) with DNA probe (22q11.2 LSI TUPLE1 from Vysis). Serum total calcium and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured in all patients. Thyroid function tests including free thyroxine(T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid autoantibodies were performed in all patients. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was measured in 10 patients. Height, weight and body mass index were compared with chronological age in all patients. RESULTS:Seven patients (16%) had an overt hypoparathyroidism, presenting with hypocalcemic tetany. Thirteen patients (31%) showing hypocalcemia with normal PTH were regarded as having latent hypoparathyroidism since their PTH secretion response was blunted. Out of 2 patients with thyroid diseases, one patient had Graves disease and the other had Hashimoto thyroiditis. Five patients (12%) were below the 3rd percentile in height at evaluation. The BMI was below the 5th percentile in 23% of patients. CONCLUSION: Twenty patients (47%) presented with overt and latent hypoparathyroidism. Interestingly, autoimmune thyroid diseases such as Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis were associated in patients with chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletion, indicating predisposition to autoimmune disorders. Therefore, a careful endocrine and growth evaluation is needed in these patients.
Autoantibodies ; Body Mass Index ; Calcium ; DNA ; Graves Disease ; Hashimoto Disease ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia ; Hypoparathyroidism ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Phenotype ; Tetany ; Thyroid Diseases ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyrotropin

No abstract available.
Ethmoid Sinus*

No abstract available.