No abstract available.
Low Back Pain* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Anemia, Aplastic* ; Discitis* ; Humans ; Low Back Pain*

OBJECTIVE: We used the radiologic foot mapping system to evaluate the characteristics of hallux valgus. METHOD: We studied the radiographs of 47 feet of 29 patients who had the hallux valgus. The weight bearing foot AP and lateral views of both sides were taken. The hallux valgus angle, first and second, first and fifth, and second and fifth metatarsal angles were measured with conventional methods. In addition we measured metatarsus primus varus (MPV) and proximal first metatarsal inclination (PFMI) angles. On lateral views, we measured calcaneal pitch, talar pitch and arch depth. By mapping system, we marked T1 through T5, MH1 through MH5, MB1 through MB5, CC, TN and NC, respectively. RESULTS: The first and fifth metatarsal angles were significantly larger in the patients with hallux valgus (p<0.05). The metatarsus primus varus angle was significantly larger in the patients with hallux valgus (p<0.05). The X coordinates at T1 and MH1 were significantly larger in the patients with hallux valgus (p<0.05). The Y coordinates of the MB1, NC and TN were significantly larger negative values in the hallux valgus patients (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In hallux valgus, the first metatarsocuneiform joint is the site of origin of metatarsus primus varus. The lateral splaying was present from the 5th toe to tarsal bones in hallux valgus groups.
Foot* ; Hallux Valgus* ; Hallux* ; Humans ; Joints ; Metatarsal Bones ; Tarsal Bones ; Toes ; Weight-Bearing

BACKGROUND: We sought to develop a novel index based on the skeletal muscle mass that reflects the change of quality of life (QOL), and is the most appropriate index for the body composition of the elderly in Korea. Whether lower extremity skeletal muscle mass index (LESMI) is an appropriate novel new index to diagnose patients with sarcopenia was also evaluated. A cut-off value for each index was reported to facilitate the diagnosis of patients with sarcopenia in a Korean population. METHODS: We used the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2010. We analyzed 409 elderly patients, including 231 men and 178 women, aged ≥65 years. Patients were diagnosed by calculating their skeletal muscle index based on the skeletal muscle mass measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Obesity and osteoporosis were used to screen data and EuroQOL-5 dimension as a health questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of sarcopenia in each index was obtained based on its cut-off value for diagnosing sarcopenia. There was a significant difference between the obesity rate of elderly patients diagnosed with sarcopenia and those who were not based on each index. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of osteoporosis between the groups. Sarcopenia diagnosis based on the LESMI was significantly correlated with QOL. CONCLUSIONS: LESMI, a novel index based on skeletal muscle mass, reflects changes in QOL and is appropriate for the body composition of elderly people in Korea.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Aged ; Body Composition ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; Osteoporosis ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life ; Sarcopenia

Hyponatremia is commonly seen in those patients with central nervous system injury associated with infection or trauma. And decreasing intracranial pressure through restriction of maintenance fluid and salt is practiced as a routine therapeutic measure in the early stages of meningitis to prevent or ameliorate the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone(SIADH). However, lots of patient do not show the typical symptoms of SIADH, instead they are dehydrated, have low plasma volume, increased urine sodium concentration and increased net sodium loss, which are the symptoms of cerebral salt wasting syndrome(CSW). Recent reports have prompted a reconsideration of CSW distinct from SIADH and moreover CSW has more proportion of hyponatremia associated with acute brain insult. CSW involves renal salt loss leading to hyponatremia and volume loss, whereas SIADH is a euvolemic or hypervolemic condition. While fluid restriction is the treatment of choice in SIADH, the treatment of CSW consists of vigorous sodium and volume replacement. And by correcting hyponatremic state as soon as possible, we can reduce mortality rate and improve neurologic sequelae. We report a case of CSW which was treated by replacement of vigorous sodium and volume replacement.
Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Child* ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome ; Intracranial Pressure ; Meningitis* ; Mortality ; Plasma Volume ; Sodium ; Wasting Syndrome*

Unilateral absence of pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly that is frequently associated with other cardiovascular abnormalities. Most patients who have no associated cardiac anomalies have only minor or absent symptoms in childhood and survive into adulthood. We experienced a case of unilateral absence of pulmonary artery in a 5 year-old female patient with the chief complaint of abnormal chest X-ray finding. Unilateral absence of pulmonary artery was diagnosed by lung perfusion scan, cardiac catheterization with pulmonary and aortic angiography. So we report this case with brief review of related literatures.
Angiography ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Cardiovascular Abnormalities ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Perfusion ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Thorax

PURPOSE: The ultrasonography (USG) and computed tomography (CT) are popular diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children, but there are many debates about their clinical significance. The purpose of this study is to clarify the clinical significance of USG, CT and follow-up CT performed subsequently to USG, especially in perforated acute appendicitis in children. METHODS: We have reviewed 419 cases of surgically confirmed acute appendicitis in children under the age of sixteen, who had been treated in Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital from March 2002 to February 2006. All the clinical data including the results of USG and CT were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of USG were 98.7%, 96.8%, 98.1%, 97.8% in non-perforation group and 90.8%, 100%, 100%, 81.9% in perforation group. Those of CT were 96.4%, 100%, 100%, 96.5% and 86.6%, 100%, 100%, 87.5% respectively. Those of follow-up CT after USG were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 87.5%, 100%, 100%, 92.0% respectively. The duration of using antibiotics in seven patients showed positive correlation with the interval between two imaging studies (r=0.0472, p=0.019). There was no statistical significance of correlation when these imaging studies performed within 30 hours together. CONCLUSION: In most of the cases, single choice between USG and CT would be enough to diagnose the acute appendicitis in children. But, it may be helpful to perform CT as early as possible subsequently to USG when there is discrepancy between initial USG and clinical impression.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography

Patients with a symptomatic basilar artery stenosis have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Despite the best medical efforts, there is still a high incidence of stroke. A surgical bypass is technically demanding with a high mortality and morbidity rate. Percutaneous angioplasty still carries a risk of procedure related complication and restenosis. Stenting has been shown to improve the safety and durability of angioplasty in the coronary and peripheral arteries. Recently, stenting of the intracranial arteries has been attempted by some investigators with newer and more trackable stents. We report a case of a basilar artery stenosis that was successfully treated using a drug-coated stent.
Angioplasty ; Arteries ; Basilar Artery* ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Research Personnel ; Stents* ; Stroke ; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency*

Pleural empyema is characterized by presence of pus or microorganism in the pleural fluid. Most cases of empyema in children are caused by bacterial pneumonia, and the most common pathogen is Staphylococcus areus or Streptococcus pneumoniae. But other uncommon causes of empyema include esophageal rupture, mediastinal disease, tumors, sepsis, thoracic trauma, and surgery can be produced by various pathogens. We experienced a case of Escherichia coli empyema followed by gastroenteritis in 9-year-old boy.
Child ; Empyema* ; Empyema, Pleural ; Escherichia coli ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans ; Male ; Mediastinal Diseases ; Pneumonia, Bacterial ; Rupture ; Sepsis ; Staphylococcus ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Suppuration

PURPOSE: A full view of the spectrum of all bacterial diseases in healthy children is essential to the establishment of public health priorities. Accurate information on the relative importance of the various pathogens in terms of the age of the affected patients, the site of infection and the case fatality rate are valuable to the clinician in choosing antimicrobial treatments. METHODS: Fifty-nine episodes of bacteremia were analysed. Data were collected at Ilsan Paik Hospital from January 2000 to December 2003. Analysis of each collected episode included isolating pathogen from blood culture, diagnosis, hospital course, isolating pathogens from other tissue sites, and studying results of antimicrobial sensitivity tests. RESULTS: Fifty-nine cases of community-acquired bacteremia were reviewed. The most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus (11 cases, 18.6 percent), followed by Salmonella (10 cases, 16.9 percent), E. coli (7 cases, 11.9 percent), Streptococcus pneumoniae (five cases, 8.5 percent), Streptococcus viridans (5 cases 8.5 percent). The most common diagnosis was bacteremia without an indentified focus (61 percent), followed by meningitis (12 percent), bacteremia with enteritis (10.2 percent) and bacteremia with urinary tract infection (8.5 percent). Salmonella was still an important causative agent of bacteremia. The relative importance of Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae was lower than in other studies. The most common organism responsible for bacteremia without an identified focus was Staphylococcus aureus The case-fatality was 3.4 percent for all cases of bacteremia. CONCLUSION: We reviewed the etiology of community-acquired bacteremia. These data may be useful in the establishment of public health priorities and serve as a reference for selection of antibiotics in the empirical therapy of suspected invasive bacterial infection.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteremia* ; Bacterial Infections ; Child* ; Community-Acquired Infections ; Diagnosis ; Enteritis ; Haemophilus ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Meningitis ; Mortality ; Public Health ; Salmonella ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Viridans Streptococci