No abstract available.
Osteoblastoma* ; Spine*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats* ; Vitamin A* ; Vitamins* ; Wounds and Injuries*

PURPOSE: To determine the hemodynamics of the pancreas by investigating the enhancement patterns of pancreaticparenchyma, as seen on spiral CT, after the administration of various amounts of contrast medium, and to determineoptimal scan time by knowing the peak time of normal pancreatic parenchyma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January1995 and April 1997 55 cases of normal abdominal CT with dynamic enhancement study on pancreas, the subject were38 cases(28 persons) with good image, aged 21-65 years, men were twenty-one and women were seven. Non-ioniccontrast medium, 30ml(n=15), 60ml(n=9), 990ml(n=7), and 120ml(n=7) were injected at a rate of 3ml/sec. From 20sec. after the start of injection, 15 images were obtained at 3-sec intervals. Before and after injection, R.O.I.was applied to each image, and for the aorta and pancreatic parenchyma, Hounsfield units(H.U.) were measured; timeof enhancement and maximal H.U. were also measured. RESULTS: After 30, 60, 90, and 120ml of contrast mediuminjection, mean maximal H.U. of pancreatic parenchyma was 36+/-7, 54+/-6, 68V13, and 92+/-8, respectively; mean valueat peak parenchymal enhancement of the pancreas was 27+/-3, 32+/-3, 42+/-3, and 52+/-3, respectively. Time intervalsof maximal enhancement of aorta and pancreatic parenchyma could not be obtained in 30ml injection, but 5,4+/-2.5,4.2+/-1.6, and 6.0+/-2.1sec in 60, 90, and 120ml injection, respectively. CONCLUSION: Maximal H.U. of parenchymalenhancement of the pancreas is directly proportional to the amount of injected contrast medium and the peak timeof parenchymal enhancement was 12sec after the injection of contrast material. Time interval of maximalenhancement of aorta and pancreatic parenchyma was 5.2+/-2.1sec.
Aorta ; Contrast Media ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Pancreas* ; Tomography, Spiral Computed* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: To evaluate the enhancement patterns of nodular and massive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with or without portal vein thrombosis, on three-phase spiral CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Contrast enhancement patterns in 61 patients with HCC were retrospectively analysed. Three-phase spiral CT images of the hepatic arterial dominant phase, portal dominant phase, and delayed phase were obtained 30, 60-70, and 360 seconds after the injection of contrast material was initiated. Tumors were divided into grossly nodular and massive type and enhancement patterns of HCC, with and without portal vein thrombosis, were compared. These patterns were divided into three groups, as follows: High/High/Low; High/Low/Low; Low/Low/Low. HCC with portal vein thrombosis was found in 21 of 61 cases ; this carcinoma without portal vein thrombosis was found in 40 cases. The nodular type accounted for 39 cases, and the massive type for 22. RESULTS: In 21 cases of HCC with portal vein thrombosis, the most common enhancement pattern was L/L/L, and was seen in 13 cases (62%); H/L/L was seen in eight (38%), but H/H/L was not seen. In 40 cases of HCC without portal vein thrombosis, the most common enhancement pattern was H/L/L, seen in 25 cases (63%) ; this was followed by L/L/L (11 cases ; 27%), and H/H/L (4 cases ; 10%). In the arterial dominant phase, among cases of HCC with portal vein thrombosis, low attenuation was more common (13/21) than high (8/21);among cases of HCC without portal vein thrombosis, high attenuation was more common (29/40) than low (11/40). Among 39 nodular-type cases, HCC with portal vein thrombosis was found in six (H/H/L and L/L/L: three each), and HCCwithout portal vein thrombosis was seen in 33 (H/L/L: 22; L/L/L: 7; H/H/L; 4). Among 22 cases of the massive type, HCC with portal vein thrombosis accounted for 15 (L/L/L: 10, H/L/L: 5), and seven cases without portal vein thrombosis were seen (L/L/L: 4 ; H/L/L : 3). CONCLUSION: On Three-phase spiral CT, HCC showed different enhancing patterns according tumor type and the presence of portal vein thrombosis.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Spiral Computed* ; Venous Thrombosis

OBJECTIVE: Many studies have investigated paraspinal muscle changes after posterior lumbar surgery, including lumbar fusion. However, no study has been performed to investigate back muscle changes after pedicle based dynamic stabilization in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal diseases. In this study, the authors compared back muscle cross sectional area (MCSA) changes after non-fusion pedicle based dynamic stabilization. METHODS: Thirty-two consecutive patients who underwent non-fusion pedicle based dynamic stabilization (PDS) at the L4-L5 level between February 2005 and January 2008 were included in this retrospective study. In addition, 11 patients who underwent traditional lumbar fusion (LF) during the same period were enrolled for comparative purposes. Preoperative and postoperative MCSAs of the paraspinal (multifidus+longissimus), psoas, and multifidus muscles were measured using computed tomographic axial sections taken at the L4 lower vertebral body level, which best visualize the paraspinal and psoas muscles. Measurements were made preoperatively and at more than 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: Overall, back muscles showed decreases in MCSAs in the PDS and LF groups, and the multifidus was most affected in both groups, but more so in the LF group. The PDS group showed better back muscle preservation than the LF group for all measured muscles. The multifidus MCSA was significantly more preserved when the PDS-paraspinal-Wiltse approach was used. CONCLUSION: Pedicle based dynamic stabilization shows better preservation of paraspinal muscles than posterior lumbar fusion. Furthermore, the minimally invasive paraspinal Wiltse approach was found to preserve multifidus muscles better than the conventional posterior midline approach in PDS group.
Humans ; Muscles ; Psoas Muscles ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Diseases

Background: To evaluate binocular function and clinical features in patients with esotropia (ET) accompanied by congenital ptosis. Methods: Clinical records of 44 ET patients with congenital ptosis (ET-ptosis group) and 71 age-matched ET patients without ptosis (ET only group) who presented for eye examination between January 2016 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), magnitude of esodeviation and stereopsis at the first visit were reviewed. Stereopsis and other clinical features of the two groups were compared. Results: The mean (±standard deviation) age of overall patients was 5.7 (±1.9) years. The margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) of patients with ptosis was greater than 0 but less than or equal to 2, indicating that mild ptosis was included. There was no significant difference in the distribution of age, sex, spherical equivalent refractive errors, BCVA, or magnitude of ET (at distance or near) between the two groups (all p>0.05). Furthermore, stereopsis and the number of patients with amblyopia did not differ significantly between the two groups. The magnitudes of esodeviation, near stereopsis and BCVA did not differ significantly between the 0Conclusions In patients with ET and congenital mild ptosis, stereopsis and visual acuity were not different from those in ET only patients. The presence of coexisting mild ptosis might not have a further deleterious impact on binocular function in ET patients.

Background: To evaluate binocular function and clinical features in patients with esotropia (ET) accompanied by congenital ptosis. Methods: Clinical records of 44 ET patients with congenital ptosis (ET-ptosis group) and 71 age-matched ET patients without ptosis (ET only group) who presented for eye examination between January 2016 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), magnitude of esodeviation and stereopsis at the first visit were reviewed. Stereopsis and other clinical features of the two groups were compared. Results: The mean (±standard deviation) age of overall patients was 5.7 (±1.9) years. The margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) of patients with ptosis was greater than 0 but less than or equal to 2, indicating that mild ptosis was included. There was no significant difference in the distribution of age, sex, spherical equivalent refractive errors, BCVA, or magnitude of ET (at distance or near) between the two groups (all p>0.05). Furthermore, stereopsis and the number of patients with amblyopia did not differ significantly between the two groups. The magnitudes of esodeviation, near stereopsis and BCVA did not differ significantly between the 0Conclusions In patients with ET and congenital mild ptosis, stereopsis and visual acuity were not different from those in ET only patients. The presence of coexisting mild ptosis might not have a further deleterious impact on binocular function in ET patients.

Background: To evaluate binocular function and clinical features in patients with esotropia (ET) accompanied by congenital ptosis. Methods: Clinical records of 44 ET patients with congenital ptosis (ET-ptosis group) and 71 age-matched ET patients without ptosis (ET only group) who presented for eye examination between January 2016 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), magnitude of esodeviation and stereopsis at the first visit were reviewed. Stereopsis and other clinical features of the two groups were compared. Results: The mean (±standard deviation) age of overall patients was 5.7 (±1.9) years. The margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) of patients with ptosis was greater than 0 but less than or equal to 2, indicating that mild ptosis was included. There was no significant difference in the distribution of age, sex, spherical equivalent refractive errors, BCVA, or magnitude of ET (at distance or near) between the two groups (all p>0.05). Furthermore, stereopsis and the number of patients with amblyopia did not differ significantly between the two groups. The magnitudes of esodeviation, near stereopsis and BCVA did not differ significantly between the 0Conclusions In patients with ET and congenital mild ptosis, stereopsis and visual acuity were not different from those in ET only patients. The presence of coexisting mild ptosis might not have a further deleterious impact on binocular function in ET patients.

Background: To evaluate binocular function and clinical features in patients with esotropia (ET) accompanied by congenital ptosis. Methods: Clinical records of 44 ET patients with congenital ptosis (ET-ptosis group) and 71 age-matched ET patients without ptosis (ET only group) who presented for eye examination between January 2016 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), magnitude of esodeviation and stereopsis at the first visit were reviewed. Stereopsis and other clinical features of the two groups were compared. Results: The mean (±standard deviation) age of overall patients was 5.7 (±1.9) years. The margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) of patients with ptosis was greater than 0 but less than or equal to 2, indicating that mild ptosis was included. There was no significant difference in the distribution of age, sex, spherical equivalent refractive errors, BCVA, or magnitude of ET (at distance or near) between the two groups (all p>0.05). Furthermore, stereopsis and the number of patients with amblyopia did not differ significantly between the two groups. The magnitudes of esodeviation, near stereopsis and BCVA did not differ significantly between the 0Conclusions In patients with ET and congenital mild ptosis, stereopsis and visual acuity were not different from those in ET only patients. The presence of coexisting mild ptosis might not have a further deleterious impact on binocular function in ET patients.

Background: To evaluate binocular function and clinical features in patients with esotropia (ET) accompanied by congenital ptosis. Methods: Clinical records of 44 ET patients with congenital ptosis (ET-ptosis group) and 71 age-matched ET patients without ptosis (ET only group) who presented for eye examination between January 2016 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), magnitude of esodeviation and stereopsis at the first visit were reviewed. Stereopsis and other clinical features of the two groups were compared. Results: The mean (±standard deviation) age of overall patients was 5.7 (±1.9) years. The margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) of patients with ptosis was greater than 0 but less than or equal to 2, indicating that mild ptosis was included. There was no significant difference in the distribution of age, sex, spherical equivalent refractive errors, BCVA, or magnitude of ET (at distance or near) between the two groups (all p>0.05). Furthermore, stereopsis and the number of patients with amblyopia did not differ significantly between the two groups. The magnitudes of esodeviation, near stereopsis and BCVA did not differ significantly between the 0Conclusions In patients with ET and congenital mild ptosis, stereopsis and visual acuity were not different from those in ET only patients. The presence of coexisting mild ptosis might not have a further deleterious impact on binocular function in ET patients.