No abstract available.
Fingers* ; Replantation* ; Transplants*

No abstract available.
Fingers* ; Replantation* ; Transplants*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to observe the change in the viscoelastic properties of thermoplasticized injectable root canal filling materials as a function of temperature and to compare the handling characteristics of these materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three commercial gutta perchas and Resilon (Pentron Clinical Technologies) in a pellet form were heated in the Obtura-II system (Obtura Spartan) at 140degrees C and 200degrees C, and the extrusion temperature of the thermoplasticized materials was measured. The viscoelastic properties of the materials as a function of temperature were evaluated using a rheometer. The elastic modulus G', viscous modulus G", loss tangent tandelta, and complex viscosity eta* were determined. The phase transition temperature was determined by both the rheometer and a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The consistency of the materials was compared under compacting pressure at 60degrees C and 40degrees C by a squeeze test. RESULTS: The three gutta perchas had dissimilar profiles in viscoelastic properties with varying temperature. The phase transition of softened materials into solidification occurred at 40degrees C to 50degrees C, and the onset temperatures obtained by a rheometer and a DSC were similar to each other. The onset temperature of phase transition and the consistency upon compaction pressure were different among the materials (p < 0.05). Resilon had a rheologically similar pattern to the gutta perchas, and was featured between high and low-flow gutta perchas. CONCLUSIONS: The rheological characteristics of the thermoplasticized root canal filling materials changed under a cooling process. The dissimilar viscoelastic properties among the materials require different handling characteristics during an injecting and compacting procedure.
Elastic Modulus ; Gutta-Percha ; Handling (Psychology) ; Hot Temperature ; Phase Transition ; Root Canal Filling Materials ; Viscosity

No abstract available.
Diabetic Foot*

Recently, we experienced a case of myotonia dystrophy at Pediatric department of Yonsei Medical School. And we are presenting the case we experienced with reviewing the literatures.
Myotonia* ; Schools, Medical

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Medicine* ; Humans

Orthodontists have experienced the treatment of cases with three lower incisors. Occasionally a lower incisor was either congenitally missing or so seriously damaged by injury or disease that its removal presented the best prospect for the patient. Sometimes the intentional extraction of a lower incisor is needed to produce enhanced functional and esthetic results with minimal orthodontic manipulation. Such cases have unfavorable anterior tooth size discrepancies and present difficulties in achieving good occlusal results. However such difficulties can be overcome by the sensible diagnosis and treatment plan. Three different cases are presented and the conclusions are listed. 1. It is important for orthodontist who tries to treat three lower incisor cases to measure and calculate accurately the degree of deviation of tooth size and morphology and the anterior tooth size ratio. 2. A diagnostic setup model should be made to determine whether the incisor extraction is appropriate and space closure is needed or not. It is the best way to be sure that the occlusal results, including overbite and overjet, will be acceptable and how far the degree of midline deviation is. It also shows the amount of interproximal reduction to achieve an acceptable occlusal result. 3. The class I relationship between the upper canine and the lower one must be obtained to establish the canine rise during eccentric movement by the concept of mutually protective occlusion. It also helps to maintain the stable occlusal result.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incisor* ; Overbite ; Tooth

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical results between patellar resurfacing and patellar retention during total knee arthroplasties (TKA) in both sides of the knee from one patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective randomized study was performed for 18 patients, who underwent only unilateral patellar resurfacing without any consideration for the condition of the patella cartilage, among the patients who had osteoarthritis and who underwent bilateral TKA from February 2004 to February 2008. The clinical results were compared using the American Knee Society clinical rating system, Feller's patellar score and the Kujala scoring system. RESULTS: The mean of the knee score and the function score were 94.3 and 73.7 postoperatively in the resurfaced patellar side and these values were 91.4 and 73.6, respectively, in the unresurfaced patella side (p=0.07, p=1.00). The Feller's patella scores were 26.5 and 25.3 for each side (p=0.219). The Kujala scores were 71.7 and 69.9, respectively (p=0.086). There was no statistically significant difference between both sides of the knee for all the parameters. CONCLUSION: There were no statistically significant differences between the resurfaced and non-resurfaced knees with comparing them according to the American Knee Society clinical rating system and the patellar evaluation systems. However, further studies are needed to observe whether these results are maintained in the long-term.
Arthroplasty ; Cartilage ; Humans ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis ; Patella ; Prospective Studies ; Retention (Psychology)

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells*

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for distraction callus after a lengthening procedure with an external fixator. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Distraction osteogenesis were performed using an external fixator for growth arrest (7 cases), congenital pseudoarthrosis of tibia (2 cases), and congenital leg length discrepancy (2 cases). MIPO was performed using a locking compression plate over the distraction callus. The mean age of the index procedure was 11 years, and mean amount of distraction was 5.4 cm. Eight were treated earlier to remove the external fixator after achieving of the target length, and 3 were treated as a salvage operation of fractures after removal. RESULTS: In all patients, the distraction callus healed with its length or correction into the original alignment maintained. The mean external fixation index was 34.3 days/cm and the mean healing index was 52.6 days/cm. In 8 patients with the early removal of the external fixator, the mean external fixation index was 26.9 days/cm. No patient developed a deep infection or implant failure. All patients recovered their preoperative joint motion and were satisfied with their function. CONCLUSION: MIPO can prevent or correct a deformity after distraction osteogenesis, and allow patients to return to their daily life earlier.
Bony Callus ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; External Fixators ; Humans ; Joints ; Leg ; Osteogenesis, Distraction* ; Pseudarthrosis ; Tibia