To determine effects of the direction of the rotational work shifting on the circadian rhythm and adaptation of physiological and psychological components were investigated with nursing students. Two groups of seven volunteers participated as experimental subjects, and eight nursing students participated as a control group. The directions of rotation work shift were as follows : CW(clockwise)-shift system rotation in the direction of day shift(3 lays), evening shift(3days), off duty(1day) and night shift(5days). and CCW(counterclockwise)-shift system rotation in the reverse direction. Urinary free cortisol and 17-hydroxycorticoster oids in the urine were measured by the solid-phase radioimmunoassay and the colorimetry methods, re spectively. Plasma melatonin was measured by radioimmunoassay. The urinary free cotisol rhythm changed to ir-regular on the evening and night shift in the CCW shift system, whereas the rhythm seems to adapt on night shift in the CW shift system. The daily rhythms of urinary 17-OHCS indicate that they are well synchronized to shift work. These results show that the rotation of shift in the CW direction is more acceptable in terms of the adaptation of hormonal rhythms. These results indicate that the CCW rotation of shift work makes it more difficult for the workers to adapt on a physiological level, and has many more negative effects on nurses when compared with the CW rotation. Thus, a clockwise rotating shift systern seems to be more desirable for the optimal health and performance of nurses.
Circadian Rhythm* ; Colorimetry ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone* ; Melatonin ; Plasma ; Radioimmunoassay ; Students, Nursing ; Volunteers

Recently, alteration on chemical treatment on the root and removal of pathologic bacteria, which is the main reason for periodontal disease, by complete removal of infected cementum layer was been emphasied In this study, teeth extracted due to periodontal disease were root planed using periodontal curette and roto bur. Then they were treated with different concentration of Tetracycline HCl at different time. The state of root surface and change in the pre and post treatment was observed. The results were as follows. 1. The group treatment with periodontal curette and saline showed remaining plaque, debris and irregular surface and no dentianl tubule orifice could be seen. 2. The group treatment with periodontal curette and tetracycline HCl showed process compoed with decacified material and there was concanity seemed to be a lacunae of cementocyte. 3. The group treatment with roto bur and saline, there was no remaning plaque and partial dentinal tubule orifice could be seen but smear layer covering them. 4. The group treatment with roto bur and tetracycline HCl showed various shape and size dentinal tubule orifice could be seen. From the results, roto bur showed cleaner surfaces than treatment with periodontal curette. But still smear layer existed. Thus for regeneration of periodontal tissue, chemical treatment using tetracycline HCl should follow roto bur treatment. And it is considered that the treatment time is more important than the concentration of tetracycline HCl.
Bacteria ; Dental Cementum ; Dentin ; Periodontal Diseases ; Regeneration ; Root Planing* ; Smear Layer ; Tetracycline* ; Tooth

No abstract available.
Nevus, Pigmented*

BACKGROUND: One of the most, probable pathogenesis of vitiliga is autoimmune. Systemic cor tico st,eroids suppress immunity and may arrest the progression of vitiligo and lead to repigmentation. OBJECTIVE: We have assessed the clinical effect of a oral small oral dose of corticosteroid to minimize side effects in vitiligo patients. METHODS: Thirty four patients(9;male, 25;female) with vitiligo were evaluated in this study. The patients took 7.5mg-20mg prednisolone initially for 2 months and then the dosage was tapered to half of the initial dosiat the 3rd month and half of dose of 3rd month for the last 4th month. We compared the effcct of treatment of vitiligo before and aft.er the study by photographs. and side efferts were issessed at. 1, 2, 3 and 4 month. RESULTS: The arrest of the progression of vitiligo was noticed in 79% of patients and repigmentation was noticed in 59% of patients which is statistically significant. The effect, of treatment according to extent, duiation, type, and site of vitiligo were not statistically significant. The side effects of treatment were minimal and did not affect the course of treatment. CONCLUSION: Small doses of iral corticosteroids are effective without any significant side effects in preventing progression and loiiduce repigmentation of active spreading vitiligo and generalized type of vitiligo that is difficult to treat with topical corticosteroids.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones* ; Humans ; Prednisolone ; Vitiligo*

BACKGROUND: Epidermal grafting using cryotherapy for recipient sites is in widespread use. However the peripheral hypopigmented haloes that occur around the recipient sites require prolon gation of the treatment period. OBJECTIVE: We used a CO2 laser to remove the epidermis of the recipient sites for betteri results. METHODS: We treated lie localized vitiligo patients with CO2 laser to remove t.he epidermis and grafted suction blister rooves. We observed repigmentation and complications 1 month later. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS : The superiority of this method is demonstrated by the fact 1) all prodedures can be completed on the day of operation 2) the incidence of hypertrophic scar and peripheral hypopigmented halos can be observed.The problems of this method are 1) uneven repigmentation of recipient. sites 2) hyperpigrnentation of recipient sites
Blister ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Cryotherapy ; Epidermis* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lasers, Gas* ; Suction ; Transplants* ; Vitiligo*

BACKGROUND: Recently, it has been suggested that autoantibodis face of melanocytes are prevent in the sera of vitiligo patients. However, these autoantibodies exist, whether they are specific for vitiligo a vitiligo patients possess them. In addition, the specificity of the iti lecular weight of the antigen are all unsolved areas demanding further. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible role of autoimmune microvitiligo, this study was designed to verify the presence of auto and vitiligo antigen from the surface of melanocytes, the specificity of gene specific antigens on the sunever, it is not known whether ents, and what percentage of goantigen and the exact moier research. anisms in the development of bodies in vitiligo patients, the utoantibodies and vitiligo anti. METHODS: Indirect immuvofluorescent microscopy, flow cytoriiety, and ELISA was done to compare the reactions between melanocytes and sera. SDS-PAC island immunoblotting were used for the identification of vitiligo antigen. RESULTS: Vitiligo sera showed more prominent fluorescence and higher optical density on the surface of melanocytes than normal sera. Forty-four percent of vitiligo sera was directed to melanocytic surface antigen with a molecular weight of 65kDa. The sition assay using rabbit antimelanocytic antibody showed an inhibition of the reaction betw er vitiligo sera and melanocytes in ELISA and immunoblotting. CONCLUSION: A surface antigen of 65kd was identified from melanocytes and 44.4% of the vitiligo sera showed positive reactions to this antigen.
Antigens, Surface ; Autoantibodies* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Melanocytes* ; Microscopy ; Molecular Weight ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vitiligo*

Purpose: This secondary data analysis study examined adults’ levels and networks of obesity-related health behaviors according to the life cycle stage. Methods: Participants included 5,203 adults aged 19–79 years who participated in the third year of the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2021). Life cycle stages were divided into young, middle-aged, and older adult groups. Obesity status was classified based on a body mass index of 25 kg/m2. Selected obesity-related health behaviors included alcohol abstinence, not smoking, proper sleep, eating breakfast, fruit intake, vegetable intake, not eating out, aerobic physical activity, walking, and weight training. Obesity-related health behavior networks were analyzed for density, inclusiveness, degree, and degree/closeness/betweenness centrality using social network analysis. Results: Participants’ obesity rate was 37.6%, with the highest rate observed in the older adult group (39.2%). In all life cycle stages, the non-obese group had a higher density and average degree in the obesity-related health behavior network than the obese group. The young adult group showed higher centrality for vegetable intake, not smoking, alcohol abstinence, and proper sleep. The middle-aged group generally had higher centrality for health behaviors, whereas the older adult group had lower overall centrality for health behaviors, especially proper sleep and physical activity-related behaviors. Conclusion There were differences in the levels and network structures of obesity-related health behaviors according to the life cycle stage, indicating a need for differentiated obesity-management strategies according to the life cycle stage.

Purpose: This secondary data analysis study examined adults’ levels and networks of obesity-related health behaviors according to the life cycle stage. Methods: Participants included 5,203 adults aged 19–79 years who participated in the third year of the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2021). Life cycle stages were divided into young, middle-aged, and older adult groups. Obesity status was classified based on a body mass index of 25 kg/m2. Selected obesity-related health behaviors included alcohol abstinence, not smoking, proper sleep, eating breakfast, fruit intake, vegetable intake, not eating out, aerobic physical activity, walking, and weight training. Obesity-related health behavior networks were analyzed for density, inclusiveness, degree, and degree/closeness/betweenness centrality using social network analysis. Results: Participants’ obesity rate was 37.6%, with the highest rate observed in the older adult group (39.2%). In all life cycle stages, the non-obese group had a higher density and average degree in the obesity-related health behavior network than the obese group. The young adult group showed higher centrality for vegetable intake, not smoking, alcohol abstinence, and proper sleep. The middle-aged group generally had higher centrality for health behaviors, whereas the older adult group had lower overall centrality for health behaviors, especially proper sleep and physical activity-related behaviors. Conclusion There were differences in the levels and network structures of obesity-related health behaviors according to the life cycle stage, indicating a need for differentiated obesity-management strategies according to the life cycle stage.

Purpose: This secondary data analysis study examined adults’ levels and networks of obesity-related health behaviors according to the life cycle stage. Methods: Participants included 5,203 adults aged 19–79 years who participated in the third year of the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2021). Life cycle stages were divided into young, middle-aged, and older adult groups. Obesity status was classified based on a body mass index of 25 kg/m2. Selected obesity-related health behaviors included alcohol abstinence, not smoking, proper sleep, eating breakfast, fruit intake, vegetable intake, not eating out, aerobic physical activity, walking, and weight training. Obesity-related health behavior networks were analyzed for density, inclusiveness, degree, and degree/closeness/betweenness centrality using social network analysis. Results: Participants’ obesity rate was 37.6%, with the highest rate observed in the older adult group (39.2%). In all life cycle stages, the non-obese group had a higher density and average degree in the obesity-related health behavior network than the obese group. The young adult group showed higher centrality for vegetable intake, not smoking, alcohol abstinence, and proper sleep. The middle-aged group generally had higher centrality for health behaviors, whereas the older adult group had lower overall centrality for health behaviors, especially proper sleep and physical activity-related behaviors. Conclusion There were differences in the levels and network structures of obesity-related health behaviors according to the life cycle stage, indicating a need for differentiated obesity-management strategies according to the life cycle stage.

Purpose: This secondary data analysis study examined adults’ levels and networks of obesity-related health behaviors according to the life cycle stage. Methods: Participants included 5,203 adults aged 19–79 years who participated in the third year of the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2021). Life cycle stages were divided into young, middle-aged, and older adult groups. Obesity status was classified based on a body mass index of 25 kg/m2. Selected obesity-related health behaviors included alcohol abstinence, not smoking, proper sleep, eating breakfast, fruit intake, vegetable intake, not eating out, aerobic physical activity, walking, and weight training. Obesity-related health behavior networks were analyzed for density, inclusiveness, degree, and degree/closeness/betweenness centrality using social network analysis. Results: Participants’ obesity rate was 37.6%, with the highest rate observed in the older adult group (39.2%). In all life cycle stages, the non-obese group had a higher density and average degree in the obesity-related health behavior network than the obese group. The young adult group showed higher centrality for vegetable intake, not smoking, alcohol abstinence, and proper sleep. The middle-aged group generally had higher centrality for health behaviors, whereas the older adult group had lower overall centrality for health behaviors, especially proper sleep and physical activity-related behaviors. Conclusion There were differences in the levels and network structures of obesity-related health behaviors according to the life cycle stage, indicating a need for differentiated obesity-management strategies according to the life cycle stage.