OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to understand the differences in masseter muscle (MM) between the shifted and non-shifted sides in facial asymmetry patients, and the changes shown by MM after mandibular surgery. METHODS: Pre- and post-operative CT scans were performed on 12 Class III patients with facial asymmetry who were treated by intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy and 10 subjects with normal occlusion. Using the V-works 4.0 program (Cybermed, Seoul, Korea), 3-dimensional images of the mandible, and MM were reconstructed, and evaluated. RESULTS: In the asymmetry group, the MM angle between the shifted and non-shifted sides was only significantly different (p < 0.05). Compared with normal occlusion, the asymmetry group showed a significantly smaller volume and maximum cross-sectional area in both sides of MM (p < 0.05). After mandibular surgery, the angle of MM (p < 0.01) and differences in angle between the shifted and non-shifted sides of MM (p < 0.05) were significantly decreased. The thickness in the maximum cross-sectional area was significantly increased (p < 0.01). After surgery, MM in facial asymmetry patients was similarly changed to those in the normal occlusion group except for widths. CONCLUSIONS: MM in facial asymmetry was definitely different from those in normal occlusion. However, this study suggests that MM changed symmetrically in conjunction with the mandible after proper mandibular surgery.
Facial Asymmetry ; Humans ; Mandible ; Masseter Muscle ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteotomy

The case of a 23-year-old female treated with aggressive high-dose therapy for Burkitt's lymphoma is reported. A positron emission tomography and computed tomography scan after completion of chemotherapy revealed a residual hypermetabolic lesion in the right pelvic cavity. A pelvic magnetic resonance imaging scan showed circumferential wall thickening at the tip of the appendix. A laparoscopic exploration and appendectomy were performed, and a pathologic examination of the resected appendix revealed xanthogranulomatous appendicitis. This is a rare case of a xanthogranulomatous appendicitis mimicking remnant Burkitt's lymphoma after completion of chemotherapy.
Appendectomy ; Appendicitis* ; Appendix ; Burkitt Lymphoma* ; Drug Therapy* ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Young Adult

Recently diabetic neuropathy has been postulated to occur from reduced availability of neurotrophic factor. This experiment was performed to identify the effect of nerve growth factor on dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in the strepto-zotocin-induced diabetic rat using morphometry and immunohistochemistry. The results obtained are as follows : 1. Unlike in the diabetic group where the type A and B cells were significantly decreased in their total numbers and sizes, these cells were normal in NGF-administered diabetic group. 2. Numbers of cells immunoreactive with SP and CGRP were also significantly decreased in the diabetic group. However, the NGF-administered diabetic group did not show any reduction in the number of these cells. 3. Mean sizes of cells immunoreactive with SP and CGRP cells were reduced in the diabetic group by 18.1% and 26.6% respectively (P<0.01). On the other hand, in NGF-administered diabetic group, mean sizes of SP-immunoreactive cells were increased (10.5%) which was not statiatically significant, and those of CGRP-immunoreactive cells were decreased (18%) compared to the control group (P<0.01). 4. In the diabetic group, many of nerve cell bodies showed some degenerative characteristics including neuron-satellite cell interface of irregular shape, the presence of a number of vacuoles and dense bodies, and nucleus of irregular contour. However, NGF-administered diabetic group exhibited neuron-satellite cell interface of regular form, many neurofilaments and neurotubules, and normal intracellular organelles. These results suggest that administration of NGF protects spinal ganglion cells from morphometric and morphological changes which are associated with a streptozotocin -induced diabetic neuropathy.
Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Ganglia, Spinal* ; Hand ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nerve Growth Factor* ; Neurons ; Organelles ; Rats* ; Streptozocin ; Vacuoles

Objective: This study compared the treatment results of emergency department (ED) patients presenting with gingival bleeding, who were given dental consultations with those who were not. Also, the study compared patients presenting with gingival bleeding based on the period of availability of the dental consultation in the ED. Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with gingival bleeding visiting the ED from January 2011 to April 2020. The demographic data of patients, past medical history, etiology of bleeding, vital signs, lab findings, treatment methods, and disposition were analyzed. Results: The mean level of hemoglobin was 13.3 g/dL in the group to whom dental consultation was made available, and 11.7 g/dL in the group not given dental consultation, which was a significant difference (P=0.010). Vitamin K injections were given to 1.9% of the former group and 6.2% of the latter group (P=0.049). Suturing was done in 14% of the former group and 1.2% of the latter (P<0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding admission to the ward or revisits to the ED. Conclusion Emergency physicians carried out conservative treatments for patients with gingival bleeding when dental consultation was unavailable. No differences in the treatment results were observed based on the length of time the dental consultation was made available.

A presumptive diagnosis of bone metastasis can be easily made when a patient with a history of colorectal cancer develops bone lesions that are seen on follow-up imaging. In this case report, we describe a patient whose multiple bone lesions were wrongly attributed to a recurrence of rectal cancer rather than being identified as multiple myeloma lesions. When clinicians detect new, abnormal, bony lesions in a patient with a previous history of cancer, they should consider diseases such as multiple myeloma in their differential diagnosis.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Recurrence

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although the incidence of GB polyps is increasing with improved surveillance, the study of predictive factors of malignant potential has not been sufficient. The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the predictive factors of malignant potential in GB polyps. METHODS: Among 3,159 patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Chonbuk National University hospital January 2009 to December 2013, 437 patients confirmed GB polyps pathologically were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups; one with benign GB polyp and another with GB adenoma and incidental GB cancer. RESULTS: Group I with benign GB polyp was seen in 359 patients. On the other hand, 53 patients with GB adenoma and 25 patients with GB cancer in gourp II were identified. The patients in group II had shown a significantly higher incidence of age older than 50 years (53/78, 67.9% vs. 163/359, 45.4%, p=0.001), size larger than 10mm (40/78, 51.3% vs. 37/359, 10.3%, p<0.001), and GB wall thickening (36/78, 46.2% vs. 77/359, 21.5%, p<0.001). The presence of GB stone had not shown significant differences between two groups (26/78, 33.3% vs. 96/359, 26.7%, p=0.378). CONCLUSIONS: Cholecystectomy should be considered for the patients with GB polyp with these predictive factors.
Adenoma ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; Gallbladder* ; Hand ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollabuk-do ; Polyps* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

There are no previous large scale studies which have evaluated the phenotypes and clinical characteristics of Korean Crohn's disease patients who underwent intestinal resection. The purpose of this multicenter retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of Korean Crohn's disease patients who underwent intestinal resection during the study period. A total of 686 patients were enrolled in this study. The study period was over a 20-yr period (1990-2009). The patients were divided into the first-10-yr group and the second-10-yr group. The phenotypes and clinical characteristics were compared between the groups. The most common site of the disease was the ileal area (37.8%) and stricturing behavior was observed in 38.3% patients. The most common type of surgery was segmental resection of the small bowel (30.6%). These phenotypes showed a similar pattern in both the first and second study period groups and did not show any significant differences between the groups. The number of registered patients increased continuously. The phenotypes of Korean Crohn's disease patients who underwent intestinal resection are different compared with previously reported clinical characteristics of general Crohn's disease patients.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Colon/surgery ; Crohn Disease/pathology/*surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Ileum/surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Intestinal lymphangiectasia is characterized by protein- losing enteropathy, and is diagnosed by a small bowel biopsy demonstrating dilated lymphatics in the mucosa, submucosa and serosa in the absence of coexistent inflammation. We report a case of primary intestinal lymphangiectasia that occurred in a 2-year-6-month-old girl who was treated successfully with antiplasmin and octreotide. Initially, the patient was treated with a lipid restriction diet with medium chain triglyceride oil, but her symptoms were not relieved. This case shows that antiplasmin and octreotide therapy might be useful for treating refractory primary intestinal lymphangiectasia.
Biopsy ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Mucous Membrane ; Octreotide* ; Serous Membrane ; Triglycerides

Neutropenic enterocolitis is an acute life-threatening, necrotizing inflammation of cecum and terminal ileum often seen in leukemia and lymphoma during periods of prolonged or severe neutropenia. It has been also referred to as necrotizing enterocolitis, ileocecal syndrome, or typhlitis (from the Greek word typhlon meaning cecum). The pathophysiology of the neutropenic enterocolitis is unknown but is believed to be multifactorial. The clinical symptoms of neutropenic enterocolitis are nonspecific including fever, abdominal pain (often right lower quadrant), abdominal distension, diarrhea, bloody stools, nausea, and vomiting. So acute appendicitis is should be included in the differential diagnosis. The early signs and symptoms are nonspecific and it may rapidly lead to intestinal perforation. The definite management of neutropenic enterocolitis is contrversial. but the prognosis is likely to be good with early diagnosis and proper management. We report one case of neutropenic enterocolitis in acute myelogenous leukemia with literature review.
Abdominal Pain ; Appendicitis ; Cecum ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; Early Diagnosis ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Enterocolitis, Neutropenic* ; Fever ; Ileum ; Inflammation ; Intestinal Perforation ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Lymphoma ; Nausea ; Neutropenia ; Prognosis ; Typhlitis ; Vomiting

The two most common causes of acute pancreatitis are alcohol and cholelithiasis. Acute recurrent pancreatitis can result from a variety of abnormalities involving the terminal end of the distal choledochus, pancreatic duct, ampulla of Vater and the major duodenal papilla, which in turn may include a papillary stenosis, periampullary neoplasm, choledochocele, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Recently a case of recurrent acute pancreatitis associated with aberrant cystic duet insertion at the ampulla of Vater was experienced. Biliary-pancreatic reflux was speculated to be the mechanism responsible for causing this anomalous, recurrent, acute pancreatitis. Another case of acute pancreatitis associated with aberrant cystic duct insertion at the ampulla of Vater was also experienced in a 29-year-old man, 1Jnlike the previous report, our case showed cholestatic features on the initial blood chemistry. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancre-atography performed after recovry revealed only aberrant cystic duct insertion at the ampulla of Vater. This anomaly also seems to have played a role in causing acute pancreatitis in this patient. This interesting case is herein reported with a review of the relevant literature.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adult ; Ampulla of Vater* ; Chemistry ; Choledochal Cyst ; Cholelithiasis ; Common Bile Duct ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Cystic Duct* ; Humans ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatitis* ; Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction