No abstract available.
Botulinum Toxins, Type A* ; Muscles* ; Nerve Block*

The distribution of exogenous C(14)-succinic acid by Clonorchis sinensis incubated in Tyrode medium was studied by using autoradiographic techniques. A comparison was made between macro and microautoradiographs of this worm showed that black grains derived from labeled substance were distinctly observed in parenchymal tissue, oral sucker, ventral sucker, ovary, testes, and uterine tubules with eggs. In pharynx and intestine, a low density was monitored while negligible activity was found in seminal receptacle and vitelline follicles. In studying the further details, microautoradiography was utilized. The most radioactive regions were the reticular tissue and subcuticular musculature of this fluke, closely compatible with the finding of macroautoradiography. Apparent black grains of radioactivity were also found in oral sucker, ventral sucker, pharynx, uterine tubules, eggs in uterus, and intestinal ceca. Structures showing the least radioactivity included ovary, seminal receptacle and vitelline folliciles.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Tyrode ; autoradiography ; biochemistry-succinic acid ; Tyrode ; succinic acid

Segmental vitiligo is considered to be characterized by unilateral depigmented patches along dermatomes, but we found two cases of segmental vitiligo in which the vitiligo lesions appeared bilaterally on the same or different dermatomes. The clinical course of bilateral segmental vitiligo seems to be the same as that of unilateral segmental vitiligo.
Vitiligo*

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus, which constitutes about 25% of all cases of status, has been subdivided into generalized nonconvulsive(absence) status and complex partial status. We report a case of complex partial status epilepticus in a 3-year-old male patient with altered mental function lasting about 24 hours. The electroencephalographic finding was compatible with complex partial status and the outcome of treatment is excellent, so far.
Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Status Epilepticus*

BACKGROUND: Nevus depigmentosus was first reported in 1884 by Lesser. It is defined as a congenital non-progressive hypopigmented macule or patch that is stable in its relative size and distribution throughout the life of the individual. The etiopathogenesis and histopathological characteristics of nevus depigmentosus are not fully established. OBJECT: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical and histopathological characteristics and pathogenesis of nevus depigmentosus. METHODS: Clinieal survey was carried out on forty-nine patients with nevus depigmentosus and two skin biopsies were taken from eighteen patients; from the central part of the depigmented lesion and the border of the lesion including the perilesional normal skin. The sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Fontana-Masson and S-100 protein. The ultrastructural evaluation were also done to detect alternation of melanocytes. RESULTS: The results are as follows ; 1. The lesions were mostly (91.8%) present before the age of three, but some lesions appeared in childhood (8.2%). 2. The lesions were most frequently found on the trunk (42.9%), followed by the face and scalp (20.4%). 3. There were 33 patients (67.3%) with the isolated type, 15 patients (30.6%) with the dermatomal type and one patient with the whorled type. 4. Histopathological studies have shown that the stainability of Fontana-Masson in the lesions of nevus depigmentosus was decreased compared with perilesional nomal skin, but there were no changes in the number of melanocytes. 5. There was a great reduction in the number of melanosomes in melanocytes and keratinocytes of nevus depigmentosus. In keratinocytes, there was some aggregations of melanosomes and some of them showed membrane bound architecture. CONCLUSION: The results of this study support the fact that nevus depigmentosus is caused by functional defects of melanocytes and morphological abnonnalities of melanosomes.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Melanocytes ; Melanosomes ; Membranes ; Nevus* ; S100 Proteins ; Scalp ; Skin

The relative merits of cartilage scoring versus suturing in techniques for correcting the prominent ear remains a subject of debate among leading plastic surgeons. We compared a variety of echniques for correcting the prominent ear in 72 rabbit ears using scoring, horizontal mattress sutures, and combination scoring and suturing. The ears were splinted with a right-angle fold for 3 postoperative weeks, and the animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks. Suturing techniques in combination with scoring maintained an angulation significantly closer to the desired 90 degrees than cartilage scoring or cartilage suturing only(p<0.05). Histological analysis demonstrated a significant increase in cartilage hyperplasia by suturing alone, whereas the other techniques achieved only mild to moderate increases. We recommend cartilage scoring and suturing through skin incision on severe degrees of prominent ear, and cartilage needle scoring and buried suturing through slit incision on mile-to-moderate degrees of prominent ear.
Animals ; Cartilage ; Ear* ; Hyperplasia ; Needles ; Rabbits* ; Skin ; Splints ; Sutures

Vitiligo is a relatively common depigmentary disorder occurring in approximately 1-2% of the general population. All races are affected. Both sexes are likely to be affected equally; the female prevalence in some studies can probably be attributed to cosmetic reasons. It can occur and spread at any stage of life and is often associated with a positive family history. Up to 30 percent of patients have reported vitiligo in another family member. The lesion is characterized by discrete, pale-white macules, few or several in number, which tend to enlarge centrifugally over time. It is not contagious, nor is it a serious health problem. However, it can be troublesome in brown and black people as well as in white persons who tan deeply (skin phototype IV), and often leads to social embarrassment and psychological turmoil.
Continental Population Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl ; Vitiligo*

Ectopic thymus results from the aberrant migration of thymic tissue and is mostly present in the mediastinum, the base of the skull, the tracheal bifurcation and the cervical region. We report the first case of intraabdominal heterotopic thymus incidentally detected and attached to the liver without associated anomalies. This fetus was sent to the Department without any clinical information. The fetus was small for gestational age, but had no external abnormalities. Each organ showed normal development except for the liver. The liver weighed 6 gm(normal 17.064+/-4.143 gm). Gray white heterotopic thymus was attached to the superior surface of the liver in the subdiaphragmatic area. It measured 1.1x0.6x0.5 cm. There was no diaphragmatic defect. The cervical thymic tissue near the thyroid was small and measured 0.2 gm(normal 0.927+/-0.485 gm). There was no thymic tissue in the anterior superior mediastinum. The histologic features of the heterotopic thymus were identical to the orthotopic thymus showing features appropriate for the gestational age. The origin of this subdiaphragmatic heterotopic thymus is speculated.

Ependymomas constitute no more than 5 to 7% of all primary CNS neoplasm and their biologic behavior is difficult to predict by microscopic appearances. Recently, many studies have attempted to correlate biologic behavior with tumor proliferation index, tumor suppressor gene and oncogene using immunohistochemical stains. We evaluated 25 cases of surgically resected intracranial ependymomas for the proliferation activity using Ki-67, and expression of p53 and bcl-2 protein with regard to the prognosis. The cases were divided into 17 ependymomas (WHO Grade II), 3 papillary ependymomas (WHO Grade II), and 5 anaplastic ependymomas. Clinically, the patients were divided into two groups, recurrent (18 cases) or non-recurrent (7 cases). The Ki-67 proliferation index was significantly higher in the recurrent group (p<0.05) and in the younger ages (correlation index=0.534). Although Ki-67 proliferation index was higher in anaplastic ependymoma, it was not significant statistically (p>0.05). p53 protein expression tended to increase in the patients who had anaplastic ependymoma and in the recurrent group. bcl-2 expression was not correlated with histologic grade or recurrence of the tumor. We conclude that Ki-67 proliferation index and p53 expression are important markers for predicting biologic behavior of ependymoma.
Coloring Agents ; Ependymoma* ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Oncogenes ; Prognosis ; Recurrence

A case of pulsating exophthalmos is reported in a 50 years old Korean Woman. The complaints of this case were exophthalmos, chemosis on Rt. eye and intracranial bruit. The etiology of this case is considered due to toxemia of pregnancy and hypertension without trauma. A brief review of the literatures related with the etiology, symptom and therapy is made.
Exophthalmos* ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Middle Aged ; Pre-Eclampsia