OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate the effects of overestimation of their own body shape on weight control behaviors, mental condition, physical activity, dietary behavior, health-related quality of life, and nutritional status among young Korean females. METHODS: A total of 1,514 women aged 20-39 years who are not pregnant and lactating among those who participated in the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010~2011), were analyzed and grouped into underestimation (n=120), normal estimation (NE, n=840), and overestimation (OE, n=554), based on their body perception compared to actual percent ideal body weights. Variables were compared between OE group and NE group. RESULTS: The subjects in OE group were significantly younger (29.5 vs. 30.5 years, respectively p < 0.05) and had lower body mass index (20.9 vs. 22.2 respectively, p < 0.01), health-related quality of life measured by EQ-5D (EuroQol-5 Dimension)(0.97 vs. 0.98 respectively, p < 0.05), nutrition adequacy ratio (NAR) of protein (0.91 vs. 0.93 respectively, p < 0.05), phosphorous (0.93 vs. 0.96 respectively, p < 0.05), and iron (0.70 vs. 0.75 respectively, p < 0.01), and index of nutrition quality (INQ) of iron (0.84 vs. 0.89 respectively, p < 0.05) compared to those in the NE group. The results of logistic regression showed that unmarried status (OR 1.32; 1.01~1.72) and severely underweight/underweight status (OR 1.94; 1.01~3.75)/(OR 1.81; 1.34~2.45) were significantly related to the probability of overestimation by the subjects. Significantly more women in OE group practiced fasting, skipping meals, and taking prescribed pills to lose body weights and had skipped breakfast compared to those in the NE group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggested that the Korean young women's distorted perception of own body shape may be associated with undesirable weight control behavior, low quality of life, and lower nutritional status. Therefore, nutrition education for this group should include information on correct body shape perception and its importance.
Body Image* ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Breakfast ; Education ; Fasting ; Female* ; Humans ; Ideal Body Weight ; Iron ; Korea* ; Logistic Models ; Meals ; Motor Activity ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Nutritional Status* ; Quality of Life* ; Single Person ; Weight Perception

Background: Chronic atrophic gastritis causes hypochlorhydria, hypergastrinemia, and malabsorption of nutrients, leading to lower bone mineral density. The few studies that investigated the association between chronic atrophic gastritis and bone mineral density have reported inconsistent findings. As such, the present study assessed the association between chronic atrophic gastritis and bone mineral density among a large sample of women >40 years of age in Korea. Methods: Data from 8,748 women >40 years of age who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy and bone densitometry were analyzed. Chronic atrophic gastritis was diagnosed using esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae (L), femur neck, and femur total, measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, were the primary outcome variables. Low bone mineral density, which could be diagnosed as osteoporosis or osteopenia, was defined and analyzed as a secondary outcome. Linear regression was used to calculate adjusted mean values of bone mineral density. The association between low bone mineral density and chronic atrophic gastritis was analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results: The adjusted mean bone mineral density for L1–L4 was 1.063±0.003, femur neck (0.826±0.002), and femur total (0.890±0.002) were significantly lower in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis than others (1.073±0.002, 0.836±0.001, 0.898±0.002, respectively; all P<0.01). Women with chronic atrophic gastritis exhibited an increased likelihood for osteopenia or osteoporosis, even after adjusting for age and other confounding factors (odds ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–1.40; P<0.01). However, subgroup analysis revealed statistical significance only in postmenopausal women (odds ratio, 1.27; P<0.001). Conclusion Chronic atrophic gastritis was associated with lower bone mineral density and a higher risk for osteopenia or osteoporosis among postmenopausal women.

Injury of the nail bed is commonly encountered in the emergency department. Despite the importance of initial management, difficulties such as long duration of operation and need of skill hinder the practice. Tissue repair with tissue adhesives, like 2-N-butylcyanoacrylate (Histoacryl(TM)), is a common replacement for suture repair. Here we describe a case of nail bed injury, which was repaired with Histoacryl(TM), and the method of repair.
Emergencies ; Nails ; Sutures ; Tissue Adhesives

Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is characterized by transient headache, altered mental functioning, seizures, and loss of vision associated with findings of predominantly posterior cerebral lesions on imaging studies. Magnetic resonance imaging typically shows bilateral hyperintensity on T2 weighted imaging and fluid attenuated inversion recovery imaging, predominantly in the parieto-occipital region. The common etiologies of PRES include eclampsia, renal impairment, immunosuppressive treatment, cancer chemotherapy, autoimmune diseases, and hypertension. The prognosis is usually benign when adequate treatment is initiated immediately. Otherwise, delay in diagnosis and treatment may lead to permanent neurological sequelae. We report on the case of a 24-year-old man who presented with the characteristics of PRES with acute carbon monoxide poisoning.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning* ; Carbon Monoxide* ; Carbon* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Eclampsia ; Female ; Headache ; Hypertension ; Leukoencephalopathies* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Poisoning ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Seizures ; Young Adult

Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is characterized by transient headache, altered mental functioning, seizures, and loss of vision associated with findings of predominantly posterior cerebral lesions on imaging studies. Magnetic resonance imaging typically shows bilateral hyperintensity on T2 weighted imaging and fluid attenuated inversion recovery imaging, predominantly in the parieto-occipital region. The common etiologies of PRES include eclampsia, renal impairment, immunosuppressive treatment, cancer chemotherapy, autoimmune diseases, and hypertension. The prognosis is usually benign when adequate treatment is initiated immediately. Otherwise, delay in diagnosis and treatment may lead to permanent neurological sequelae. We report on the case of a 24-year-old man who presented with the characteristics of PRES with acute carbon monoxide poisoning.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning* ; Carbon Monoxide* ; Carbon* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Eclampsia ; Female ; Headache ; Hypertension ; Leukoencephalopathies* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Poisoning ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Seizures ; Young Adult

Purpose: We report a case of xeroderma pigmentosum in a pediatric patient with a progressive pterygium-like lesion.Case summary: A 2-year-old girl with photophobia and localized, scattered, small, round brownish macules on skin areas exposed to the sun visited hospital. During follow-up, at the age of 7, she was diagnosed with xeroderma pigmentosum in Japan, and pigmented freckles on the upper and lower eyelids of both eyes were observed. At the age of 11, a possible medial limbal pingueculum and lower lid telangiectasis of the right eye were observed via slit-lamp examination, and one year later, a pterygium-like lesion and gradual fibrovascular tissue growth were found in the same location of the right eye. At the last visit, the progressive pterygium-like lesion and, lower lid telangiectasis of the right eye, and lid pigmentations of both eyes (xeroderma pigmentosum) were observed. The size of pterygium-like lesion continues to increase, but the patient remains under observation because the lesion was too small to remove. Conclusions We report the first case of xeroderma pigmentosum in a pediatric patient with a progressive pterygium-like lesion that showed age-related degeneration. We suggest that the pterygium-like lesion may reflect the photosensitivity to ultraviolet radiation characteristic of xeroderma pigmentosum.

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between corneal morphological factors and polysomnographic factors in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: In all, 22 eyes of 22 patients with OSA were analyzed retrospectively under specular microscopy. The central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), hexagonal cell percentage, and cell variation coefficient were measured using specular microscopy, and polysomnographic factors including the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), respiratory disturbance index (RDI), oxygen desaturation index, and lowest O2 saturation were compared and analyzed between the OSA group and a control group consisting of 32 subjects. Additionally, we examined the statistical correlation between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the polysomnographic factors for the 12 OSA patients in which the RNFL thickness was measured. Results: The mean CCT and mean ECD were significantly lower in the OSA group than in controls (p = 0.033, p = 0.021, respectively). As the severity of OSA worsened, a significant negative correlation developed, such that the CCT decreased as the AHI and RDI increased (r = -0.519, p = 0.013 and r = -0.542, p = 0.009, respectively); in addition, the ECD decreased as the RDI increased (r = -0.454, p = 0.034). As OSA progressed, the nasal RNFL thickness decreased with the lowest O2 saturation (r = 0.703, p = 0.011). Conclusions CCT and ECD were significantly lower in OSA patients than in controls and there was a significant correlation between corneal morphological factors and polysomnographic factors. Due to the possibility of hypoxia and various ophthalmic clinical diseases associated with OSA, close observation of ophthalmic abnormalities in OSA patients is required.

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between corneal morphological factors and polysomnographic factors in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: In all, 22 eyes of 22 patients with OSA were analyzed retrospectively under specular microscopy. The central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), hexagonal cell percentage, and cell variation coefficient were measured using specular microscopy, and polysomnographic factors including the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), respiratory disturbance index (RDI), oxygen desaturation index, and lowest O2 saturation were compared and analyzed between the OSA group and a control group consisting of 32 subjects. Additionally, we examined the statistical correlation between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the polysomnographic factors for the 12 OSA patients in which the RNFL thickness was measured. Results: The mean CCT and mean ECD were significantly lower in the OSA group than in controls (p = 0.033, p = 0.021, respectively). As the severity of OSA worsened, a significant negative correlation developed, such that the CCT decreased as the AHI and RDI increased (r = -0.519, p = 0.013 and r = -0.542, p = 0.009, respectively); in addition, the ECD decreased as the RDI increased (r = -0.454, p = 0.034). As OSA progressed, the nasal RNFL thickness decreased with the lowest O2 saturation (r = 0.703, p = 0.011). Conclusions CCT and ECD were significantly lower in OSA patients than in controls and there was a significant correlation between corneal morphological factors and polysomnographic factors. Due to the possibility of hypoxia and various ophthalmic clinical diseases associated with OSA, close observation of ophthalmic abnormalities in OSA patients is required.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Melanoma ; Parkinson Disease